Kangxi Chen Tingjing Fengshui
1658 (15th year of Shunzhi), Jishi Shu was selected as a scholar and was examined. In order to distinguish it from Chen Jing of Shuntian Tongzhou, Shunzhi was given the name Tingjing.
166 1 year, Kangxi ascended the throne and was awarded the position of a residence lecturer. He was transferred to imperial academy as a lecturer and a bachelor of management, and gave lectures in Hongde Hall, which was highly valued by Emperor Kangxi.
1662 (the first year of Kangxi), asked for leave to return to the province.
1673 transferred to bachelor's degree as assistant examiner.
1676, bachelor of cabinet, served as an official at the banquet.
1682 as an assistant examiner. Yu Guozhu, the vice capital of the empire, decided to be in the south of Yunnan. Please decide to exercise. The ceremony, the meeting of the Hanlin Academy and the ancestral temple of the suburban altar were still in the first year of Shunzhi, and the court meeting should be more fixed. Chen Tingjing wrote fourteen chapters on what he had learned.
1684, Shi Yu, Zuodu, granted the money management method to the household department, and the official money was changed to private casting, which was free of copper tax and convenient for mining. Set up a court for service and forbid extravagance. Select the governor carefully, and take the public and love the people, diligent and honest administration as the standard. Strictly disclose the accounts of local disaster relief funds and materials, and put an end to corrupt acts of corrupt officials against the people.
1685 (twenty-four years of Kangxi) On the 24th day of the first month, Chen Tingjing published "Persuading sincerity to eliminate disadvantages and discussing customization in detail", pointing out: "Those who are greedy for sincerity are the key to governance; Those who are extravagant and thrifty are the root of greed and honesty. If you want to teach sincerity, save it first. " It means extravagance leads to corruption, and frugality leads to incorruptibility.
1685, Wang Jiwen was impeached in the book Shen Zhengshu, a defeated country in Chen Fu, thinking that he did not have to donate grain and grass in wartime, but used treasury silver. After the triumph of the great army, officials in various provinces were paid official salaries, with a difference of 900,000. On the first day of the play, Wang Jiwen was dismissed from office, and the history books recorded that "the discipline was purged" from then on.
1686, the minister moved to the Ministry of industry, and the bachelor was admitted to the collection of ancient records, Kangxi, and browsed. Zhao Feng was appointed as the president of editing and editing books such as Sunnah of the Three Dynasties, Canon of Political Training, General Plan, Annals of the Qing Dynasty and History of the Ming Dynasty. In September, he was transferred to the Minister of Industry.
16871February, when Zhang F was the governor of Huguang, Chen Zizhi, an imperial consultant of Shanxi Road, denounced him as "not in office for a long time and full of goods". Zhang Yushu, minister of the Ministry of War, took the opportunity to impeach Chen Tingjing, who was related to Zhang F.
1In April 688, Zhang F was arrested for "embezzling more than 90,000 taels of silver". Chen Tingjing apologized to Emperor Kangxi's book "Relying on Sincerity and Praying for Grace" and begged him to go home and be filial.
1September 689, impeached Xu. Emperor Kangxi knew that Xu and Gao were ostentatious and nosy, so he drove Xu and Gao out of the capital together. In February of the 29th year of Kangxi, Xu and Gao were forced to leave Beijing soon, and were once again regarded as the left capital's suggestion.
1703, visiting the Wen Yuan Pavilion, college students, and ministers of rites, is worth talking about. There are Three Rites, Travel Notes of Lao Zhang Mu, Edited Works of Wu Ting, Chen Shuo's Words, etc.
1April, 705, southern tour, called for a trial lift, born in Hangzhou, Jiangsu, Jiangning and Chen Tingjing, college student Zhang Yushu, bachelor of Palm College.
I was ordered to read the newspaper.
17 10 (forty-nine years of Kangxi), Chen Tingjing served as the chief executive, and more than 30 famous scholars began to compile Kangxi Dictionary according to Kangxi imperial edicts.
17 10 year 1 1 month, I begged my ear disease to have a rest and allowed it.
17 1 1 In May, college student Zhang Yushu died, and Li Guangdi became ill, so he had to go to work directly.
17 12 years (fifty-first year of Kangxi) in March, I fell ill and went to the hospital for treatment. Died in April. Kangxi personally wrote a poem to mourn it and Wen Zhen.
Chen Tingjing wrote many books in his life. Personal poetry collections mainly include: Wu Ting Wen Bian, Monks Collection, Xuan Shi in the Wild, Poems of Shuo Yan, Zhi Yao in Shan Li, Boudoir Collection in Wu Ting, etc. . He has presided over the compilation of national historical records for many times, mainly including Taishi Zhi Taishi Zhang, Taizong Wen, Collection of Ancient Books, Sanchao Shengxun, Zhengdian, General Plan for Pacifying Three Contradictions, Records of the Qing Dynasty, Pei Fu, Lu, Kangxi Dictionary and so on. Among them, Kangxi Dictionary has more than 30 books including Zhang Yushu and Chen Tingjing.
A famous scholar compiled a far-reaching dictionary of Chinese characters according to the imperial edict of Kangxi, which was updated on the basis of Ming Dictionary and Zhengzitong. The compilation of this book began in the forty-ninth year of Kangxi (17 10) and was completed in the fifty-fifth year of Kangxi (17 16), which lasted six years, so it was named Kangxi Dictionary. The dictionary adopts radical classification and arranges words according to strokes. The dictionary is divided into twelve episodes, marked by twelve earthly branches. Each episode is divided into three volumes, namely the first volume, the middle volume and the second volume. The vowel table and its corresponding Chinese characters are arranged according to vowels, tones and syllables. * * There are 47,035 Chinese characters (47,035), which is one of the main references for the study of Chinese characters. Chen Tingjing wrote many poems in his life, and Emperor Kangxi was one of the best poets of all ages. He looked at Chen Tingjing's poems with the eyes of a poet and appreciated them very much. Among them, the poems written by Chen Tingjing, a great scholar, are varied, elegant and mellow, which beginners can't see. Pretending that the five words are almost uniform to show grace, the title of the poem itself greatly appreciates Chen's poem, and the poem goes one step further: "fresh and purple" and "a great poet", which greatly appreciates it. After his death, Kangxi wrote "Poems of Great Scholars" and remembered Chen's "Attaching importance to poems handed down from generation to generation". It can be seen that the achievements of his poems and Fu were really appreciated by Kangxi. During his tenure in the capital, he founded a poetry club with Gong Dingzi, a well-known poet and minister of rites, in the sixth year of Kangxi (1667). Participants included Wang Shige, Wang Wan, Cheng Keze and other famous scribes.
Liu Ran selected twenty-nine poems of Chen Tingjing from Nineteen Ancient Poems and commented: "Poems of Taige are for entertainment. Although they have nothing, they are ignorant. ..... Teacher Zhu's article is rich and beautiful, full of irony, long sentences and phrases. The relationship between heaven and man, the friendship between courtiers and servants, is watertight, open and honest, and I speak my mind. It is irresistible to ask him to be loyal, filial, depressed, positive and current. Poetry is used to do things! "
Achievements Chen Tingjing lived in Kanggan period, and worked in such important departments as Ritual Department, Official Department, Household Department and Criminal Department. , and served as a bachelor of reading and lecturing for a long time until Wenyuange University.
Coin reform
During his tenure at the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Chen Tingjing once combed out bad habits and made clear the law of money. He found that at that time, some profiteers destroyed money to cast copper, which reduced the quantity and quality of money and threatened the financial cornerstone of the country. So he proposed to change money into light money, stop collecting copper mining tax to increase the source of copper, and put an end to the phenomenon of destroying money to cast copper. This move is undoubtedly conducive to maintaining the stability of the monetary system.
Cure corruption
At that time, many officials in the Qing court took bribes, and the wind of corruption was very serious. Chen Tingjing hated it. In the first month of twenty-four years, he said to the court: "Corruption and honesty are the keys to being a qualified official. However, luxury and frugality are the root causes of corruption. To be honest, we must first cultivate their frugality. In ancient times, from clothes, horses and chariots to costumes, when dealing with weddings and funerals, it was necessary to be' cheap and not expensive, neither too small nor too big'. Now, because the wind of luxury has not been removed, even the poor are ridiculed for frugality, and the rich are even more uncontroversial luxury, making everyone compete for luxury a trend. As a result, corruption and illegal activities for profit have increased and become more and more serious. " He hit the nail on the head and pointed out: "goodness is still the lust in people's hearts, and it is better to know yourself when water loses its bank."
Emperor Kangxi received Chen Tingjing's suggestion and agreed, pointing out that in the future, "we should return to simplicity, follow the rule of law, stress practical results and advocate frugality".
Official administrative reform
In order to maintain the rule of the Qing court, Chen Tingjing said: "The governor's duty is to inspect and guide officials, so that the people can settle down for a long time. It is not enough for officials to observe directors and perform their duties. Confucius once said: if you can't teach, it's not the people who are guilty. In order to prevent people from breaking the rules, it is best to teach them first. To teach on the road, you must first take an examination of the governor. In this way, the Governor may say,' The problem lies with the officials. If officials are honest and capable and don't make a big fire to consume taxes, the director won't take bribes, and the people won't suffer from violating the criminal law. "If officials don't have this ability, it can be said that they have committed crimes against each other. Of course, it's not all the fault of officials. The boss is clean, and officials naturally dare not take bribes and break the law. If the boss takes bribes illegally, although officials want to be clean, it is not easy to do so. Every official spends more money, takes bribes and plunders the people. Busy watching every day, busy pleasing the boss. How can he have time to teach? People will see what officials have done and say,' Can such people still teach me?' If you don't listen to discipline, use criminal law. Officials did this because the governor guided them to do so. So the most important thing at present is that the governor should be qualified. They must not be moved by greed. Only when you are upright can you manage officials well, and they don't have to think about how to please and curry favor with the boss all day, but they all pay attention to doing things for the people. The people will be able to recuperate. "He also suggested that the governor should be given a general order, and the sponsors of all state and county officials must investigate whether they have any illegal activities. Punish offenders severely, as an example. The inspection of the governor depends on whether he is clean and honest, and whether he has set an example for officials.
In Kangxi 6 1 year, Chen Tingjing was in politics for 53 years and was promoted 28 times. He has been a university student and senior official in Wenyuange. There was no prime minister in the Qing dynasty, and a college student was equivalent to a prime minister. Chen Tingjing assisted Kangxi for more than half a century and became an important minister of Kangxi Dynasty.
Chen Tingjing Juxian Sage convened nine ministers at Gan Qing Gate to recommend upright officials. All ministers have their own suggestions, but the response is not over yet. The sage specially asked and replied, "Lu Zhifu and Shao Siyao are both honest officials. Although the governance situation is different, their honesty is the same. " So both of them were promoted to empires. At first, Chen Tingjing praised the two men many times. Someone told him that these two people are honest and strong, strong and easy to get into trouble, and many people will resent them. I'm afraid they'll involve you. Chen Tingjing said, "I really have both ability and political integrity. Even if it is troublesome and resentful, there is nothing to hinder it. "
Chen Tingjing manages its finances fairly. When Kangxi was eight years old, Chen Tingjing was appointed minister in charge of goods.
One day, he cocked his head and said to Chen Tingjing, "Chen Laoguan, lend me some money." Chen Tingjing asked, "Hooray, what do you need money for?" Kangxi said, "Just fight." Chen Tingjing said, "Long live the money. I'll lend it to you when I get paid." Kangxi snorted and said, "How much can your salary be? I want the state treasury to have 30 thousand or 52 thousand, so that I can live a good life for a few days. " Chen Tingjing said: "There are regulations in the national treasury and banking court, and no one may misappropriate them. Long live, I dare not lend it to you! " Kangxi was furious: "Then you go!" Chen Tingjing said, "I obey orders!" He stepped back, turned his head and was about to leave when Kangxi said, "What can't be misappropriated? Obviously, I don't think I am pro-government and despise me. Cut your head off when I'm in charge! " Chen Tingjing dare not speak, quickly step down.
Six years later, when Kangxi ruled, he forgot about it, but Chen Tingjing still remembered it and resigned several times. Kangxi said, "That's because I'm too young to understand. You did the right thing! "
The personage commented that Chen Tingjing was an honest and upright politician, and the draft of Qing Dynasty evaluated him as "diligent". In the official residence of the official department, Chen Tingjing once severely punished his family, and no one who misbehaved, gave gifts or paid bribes for personal gain was allowed in. When he served in the Ministry of Rites, he made a rule: "From the imperial court, please never ask for help in the Ministry and leave no legacy."
Ma Fuping, vice president of Chen Tingjing Research Association and a researcher who has worked in Jincheng Local Records Office for a long time, said: "Chen Tingjing was born in the late Ming Dynasty and grew up in the early Qing Dynasty. Shanxi was a region greatly influenced by Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism at that time, which inevitably affected him. At that time, after hundreds of years of development, Neo-Confucianism tended to be perfect in theory, and many Neo-Confucianists began to emphasize the practice of Neo-Confucianism, such as Chen Tingjing. The personal morality emphasized by Neo-Confucianism, specifically to officialdom, is to be honest and honest for officials and dare to fight against corrupt officials. "
Shen Deqian, a litterateur during the Qianlong period, commented: "Five words show that it has the effect of thinning light, and the virtue lies in the charm of Kong Guang mowing grass. The six words mean white, just like Kohler's. There is an official residence in Dingding, and no land starts from the tower. Ye Wei is also a legon language. "
Jin Nong (1687-1763), a writer who is known as the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou, wrote a poem praising: "The way to be virtuous lies in respect, and the legacy of half satiety lies in the roots of vegetables."
Literature Chen Tingjing is an accomplished scholar and poet. I have been diligent in writing all my life and have hardly stopped writing. He once presented Wu Tingting's Essays to Emperor Kangxi, who praised him as "Du Li of Fang Yao", and his poems were "elegant and mellow, surpassing the knowledge of accumulating words and making sentences". However, Chen Tingjing has been living in a temple, and there are not many opportunities for real contact with society, which is the fundamental reason for the narrow scope of his poems. In addition, his cautious attitude towards life, meticulous academic temperament, and the complicated writing affairs that followed, relentlessly narrowed the world where his mind galloped freely. Poetry, as a literary creation, loses its long-term vitality if it lacks individuality. Chen Tingjing, in particular, was either too busy or disdainful of making achievements in poetry theory. It seems that the consistency of "literature carries Tao" has also affected the establishment of his literary status.
Other evaluations In November of the forty-ninth year of Kangxi, Chen Tingjing was granted leave of absence due to ear disease. When Chen Tingjing entered the Forbidden Park to thank him, Emperor Kangxi said, "Qing is the oldest person and a complete person.
Wang Yuewen once praised him like this: how cool an honest official is, Chen Tingjing is an honest official, but he is kind-hearted; A good official is versatile. Chen Tingjing is a good official, but he is smart and capable. Chen Tingjing is a capable official, but he is good at making suggestions; German officials are cowards. Chen Tingjing is a German official, but he has an iron fist. Prime minister of Qing dynasty
The Draft of the History of Qing Dynasty contains Emperor Kangxi's Deep Regret, and he wrote a poem for it personally: "Poems that have been told through the ages are heavy and famous. Last year, Fu Yuan was injured, which was a big pain for many years. Chao Zhonghou is inspirational, and his title is Yu Hengping. Elegant and ethereal sigh, long and smooth. " However, Emperor Kangxi's more widely known evaluation of Chen Tingjing is eight words: "Forgiveness and aging, almost perfect".
Chen Tingjing's family background, a member of the family-nine sons out, six sons out.
Huangcheng Chen Jinshi Biao
Huang juren Biao
Later generations commemorated the 300th anniversary of Chen Tingjing's death on June 1 1 day in Jincheng, Shanxi.
Chen Tingjing's former residence, Imperial City Xiangfu, lasted for three years and invested 280 million yuan, which was comprehensively built and upgraded from eight aspects: tourism, transportation, tourism safety, health, post and telecommunications services, tourism shopping, comprehensive management, resources and environmental protection. In 2007, it became the third AAAAA-level scenic spot after Yungang Grottoes and Wutai Mountain.
The former residence of Chen Tingjing, the former residence of the figure, is located in the Imperial Palace of Beiliu Town, Yangcheng County, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province.
Imperial City Xiangfu Imperial City Xiangfu, formerly known as "Zhongdaozhuang", was named "Imperial City" because Emperor Kangxi stayed here twice. The Imperial City Xiangfu is an official residence complex built in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The inner city was built by uncle Chen in the sixth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1633) to avoid the war. The outer city was built in the 42nd year of Kangxi (1703). The Imperial City Xiangfu Building Complex is divided into inner city and outer city, with 16 courtyard and 640 houses, with a total area of 36,580 square meters. The navigation map of Neiwuting Villa was built in the fifth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1632), with eight courtyards. The outer city was built in the 42nd year of Kangxi (A.D. 1703), with front hall and back bedroom, left and right inner halls, academy, garden, boudoir, housekeeper's courtyard and Linjiang Pavilion. During the 260 years from Xiaozong in Ming Dynasty to Qianlong in Qing Dynasty (A.D.1501-kloc-0/760), * * * produced 4 1 tribute students, 19 juren, 9 Jinshi and 6 people entered the Imperial Academy. In 2007, Huangcheng Xiangfu became an AAAAA-level scenic spot.