How to address teachers in ancient times?

Our country has a tradition of respecting teachers and valuing education since ancient times. In ancient China, teachers have always been a respected profession, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was a gentleman who respected teachers and respected Taoism. According to History of Han History as a Mirror, one day, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty visited his teacher when he was a prince in Dong Jun. "Chen Bing, emperor's visit to Dong Jun, fortunately in Dong Jun, and his protege and state history, appear before. The emperor first prepared a disciple's instrument to teach the scriptures, and then cultivated the ceremony of the monarch and the minister. " After that, just this small move made the world bigger.

"Teacher" originally refers to an old and experienced scholar or a person who teaches academics, such as Historical Records, Mencius and Biography of Xun Qing: "When Qi Xiang was king, Xun Qing was the most teacher." Later, people called people who taught students "teachers". In fact, in addition to "teacher", there are many names for teachers in ancient times, such as Mr., master, master, teacher, professor, teaching assistant, doctor, etc ... So, are some common names in modern society the same as those in ancient times?

doctor

Nowadays, a doctor usually refers to a person who has studied or is studying for a doctorate. However, in ancient times, there was the word doctor. Doctor was an official title in ancient times. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, doctors were officials who were in charge of books and literary works and were familiar with historical events. Later, he became an official who was academically proficient or proficient in an art, engaged in teaching and apprenticeship. For example, in the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yunwen named Fang Xiaoru "Doctor of Literature".

professor

Now the word professor is a professional title in the higher education system, but in ancient imperial academy it was a doctoral lecture. There were doctors from imperial academy in Han and Tang Dynasties, professors from central and local schools in Song Dynasty, Confucianism professors from prefectures and counties in Yuan Dynasty, and Fu Xue in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

assistant

Now teaching assistants refer to teaching assistants. However, in ancient times, teaching assistants were teachers who taught in imperial academy. In Xianning, Western Jin Dynasty, Confucius School was founded in the second year, and teaching assistants were set up to coordinate toasting Confucius and teaching Confucian classics by doctors. Since then, with the exception of a few dynasties, there have been teaching assistants of Confucian classics in imperial academy, called Guo Zi, imperial academy, the four major teaching assistants and Wenguang.