History of seismology
So far, no one has confirmed its existence. The earliest description appeared in the article of Plato, an ancient Greek philosopher.
According to him, Atlantis was destroyed by a natural disaster nine thousand years ago. A legendary island in the Atlantic Ocean, west of the Strait of Gibraltar.
The main source of legend is Plato's two dialogues, namely Timothy and Chrittia. In the previous dialogue, Plato described how Egyptian monks talked about Atlantis when they talked with Solon, an Athenian lawmaker, saying that the island was bigger than Asia Minor and Libya combined, and far from the pillars of Hercules.
According to monks, Atlantis was a rich island about 9000 years before Solon was born. The powerful princes on the island conquered many parts of the Mediterranean until they were finally defeated by the Athenians and their allies. Atlantis eventually became evil and ungodly. Due to several earthquakes, their island was swallowed up by the sea.
In Clerides, Plato provides the history of Atlantis Utopia. Atlantis may be just a legend, but medieval European writers who got the story from geographers believed it, and later some writers tried to prove it clearly.
For example, after the Renaissance, they tried to prove that Atlantis was America, Scandinavia and the Canary Islands. If Plato hadn't made it up, the story of Atlantis might actually reflect the ancient Egyptians' account of the volcanic eruption on Sila Island around 1500 BC.
This eruption is the most amazing eruption in history, accompanied by a series of earthquakes and tsunamis, which completely destroyed the civilization of Crete and probably shaped the legend of Atlantis. In Plato's prompt, there is such a sentence: opposite the "Heracles Strait", there is a big island, from which you can go to other islands. On the opposite side of those islands, there is a whole piece of land surrounded by the ocean, which is the kingdom of Atlantis.
At that time, Atlantis was about to launch a big war with Athens. Unexpectedly, Atlantis was suddenly attacked by earthquakes and floods, and it was completely submerged at the bottom of the sea in less than a day and a night, which became an obstacle for Greeks to travel at sea. Legend has it that Poseidon founded the kingdom of Atlantis.
On an island, a girl's parents died. Poseidon married the girl and gave birth to five pairs of twins. So Poseidon divided the whole island into ten districts, ruled by ten sons respectively, and the eldest son was the supreme ruler. Because the eldest son is called Atlas and the country is called Atlantis.
In the acropolis in the center of the mainland, there are temples dedicated to Poseidon and his wife, and there are also temples dedicated to Poseidon. The interior of this temple is decorated with gold, silver, copper and ivory. There is a shipyard on the coast of Atlantis. The dock is crowded with three-oared warships, and the dock is full of merchant ships and businessmen from all over the world.
The kingdom of Atlantis is very rich and powerful. In addition to the island's rich products, tributes from Egypt, Syria and other Mediterranean countries are also constantly flowing. These ten kings have absolute power in their own territory and adopt different national organizations. In order to keep communication with each other, they gather in temple of poseidon every five to six years to discuss their relationship and their ruling power. When the agreement was established, they cut the throats of the bulls fed in temple of poseidon and wrote resolutions on the pillars of temple of poseidon with their blood to increase the sanctity of the resolutions.
All ten kings are wise, and the country is rich and strong. Unfortunately, corruption soon began to appear in these countries.
Zeus, the head of the gods, punished people's depravity, causing earthquakes and floods, and the kingdom of Atlantis sank to the bottom of the sea day and night. At present, most archaeologists tend to think that Crete, located in the eastern Mediterranean, is closer to Dayu's historical and geographical conditions.
1870, German archaeologist Sheriman excavated the Mycenae site located in the northeast of the Peloponnesian Peninsula in Greece. Thirty-five years later, British archaeologist Evans excavated an earlier Crete civilization site in Crete. These two great archaeological achievements caused a sensation in the world, and people invariably associated them with the "missing" Great Western Zhou Dynasty.
Many scholars believe that the existing island of Crete is only the remains of Daxie Island, because Crete was once the birthplace of ancient European civilization. The 450 years from 20th century BC to15th century was the golden age of Crete civilization, and its social economy and foreign trade were very developed.
However, after four or five hundred years of prosperity, it met the fate of the mainland: "A sudden volcano, earthquake and tsunami broke out one after another, engulfing everything on the island." The development of modern volcanology has confirmed that the natural force that caused this catastrophe came from a violent volcanic eruption on santorini Island (north of Crete113km) and the huge tsunami that followed.
At present, to draw an equal sign between Santorin, Crete and Daxizhou, the biggest crux lies in time and area, with a difference of nearly 80 years and 720,000 square kilometers. Therefore, whether Atlantis exists in history is still a mystery, and archaeologists are still exploring it.
The location of Atlantis is still inconclusive. Scientists tend to be at the western end of the Mediterranean, that is, the Atlantic Ocean, because the remains have been found at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. By speculating about the return of eels and some situations in the sargasso sea, it is indeed possible that Atlantis is located, but there are still many unexplained problems.
[Edit this paragraph] Entry 2: Title: Decline of Oceania Key words or keywords: Among all kinds of mysteries in the western world, nothing can arouse people's thoughts and fantasies more than Oceania. This land suddenly disappeared in the distant past, and where did it go with its splendid civilization? For thousands of years, people have been looking for its trace with great interest.
Scientists do this.
2. Zhu Kezhen's main achievement is the founder of historical climatology.
Zhu Kezhen is the founder of historical climatology, in which historical climate change is one of his greatest efforts and achievements, and enjoys a high reputation in the international scientific community. Zhu Kezhen's other great contribution to historical climatology is historical phenology. Zhu Kezhen has established more than 40 weather stations and more than 65,438+000 rainfall measuring stations in China. On the one hand, he attached importance to the observation and recording of phenology. From the day after 192 1 returned from studying abroad to the day before 1974 died, he observed and recorded phenology and weather every day. On the other hand, he collects historical phenological data extensively. The book Phenology, co-authored by him and Wan, is rich in historical phenological data and research, which is rare in other countries' phenological works.
The contribution of modern meteorological science
As the founder of modern meteorological science in China, Mr. Zhu Kezhen has been paying attention to and devoted his life to the study of climate change. His series of basic research on climate change is of great scientific significance to people's understanding of this major global issue today.
Contribution to historical seismology
Zhu Kezhen's contribution to historical seismology is mainly manifested in the Chronology of Earthquake Data in China and related research work organized by him and the Seismological Committee of China Academy of Sciences led by Li Siguang.
Contribution to the study of the history of natural science
Zhu Kezhen led the exploration of ancient scientific and technological achievements in China all his life, aiming at clarifying the outstanding contribution of the Chinese nation in the development of world science and technology, so as to stimulate national self-esteem and self-confidence; To study the scientific and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries in history and promote the friendly relations between China and people all over the world. He himself has also studied and published many papers on astronomy, meteorology, geography and general history of science.
The contribution of "sustainable development"
As a pioneer of the thought of "sustainable development", Zhu Kezhen has always paid attention to China's population, resources and environment with a scientific eye. He not only attaches great importance to the relevant theoretical issues of sustainable development in academic theory, but also integrates knowledge with practice and devotes himself to the practice of economic and social development. Judging from the historical process of the formation of the world's sustainable development thought, his proposal marks that China scientists paid early and independent attention to and studied population, resources and environment issues, and became a scientific community in China. Zhu Kezhen clearly put forward that universities should cultivate leaders who take the world as their responsibility.
During the 13 years as the president of Zhejiang University in Zhu Kezhen, Zhejiang University has developed from 16 departments in three colleges of literature, science, engineering, agriculture, teachers, law and medicine to 25 departments (up to 30 departments at most) and 10 research institutes in seven colleges of literature, science, engineering and medicine. More than 3,500 students from Zhejiang University (such as Qian Renyuan, Cheng, Hu, Ye Duzheng, Gu Chaohao, etc. ) have become national senior professionals. In other words, almost all these talents later became the backbone of science education in New China.
In memory of President Zhu Kezhen, Zhu Kezhen College of Zhejiang University was established in May 2000. Zhu Kezhen developed the habit of keeping a diary when he was studying at Harvard University from 19 17. The diary mainly recorded various materials of meteorological research. Due to the war, only the diaries from 1936 to1February 6, 974, with a total of 38 years and 37 days, are preserved, which is of great value for studying the modern history of science in China, especially the history of China Academy of Sciences.
Zhu Kezhen wrote many works in his life. If you don't count his diary, his life's works are about 3 million words. Since 1966, he has hardly published any special academic papers. For eight years, his writing was almost only letters. This is his major literary work.
3. What is the historical significance of the invention of the seismograph?
1, the most important historical significance lies in: when human beings can only be passively beaten in the face of earthquake disasters, they invented the seismograph and used scientific instruments to observe and study earthquakes. For the first time, human beings have tools in their hands and can stand in front of earthquake disasters. For the first time, they realize that the ground movement under their feet has a certain distance from the source of the earthquake and has a certain relationship with the shaking direction. It is a metaphor for the original concepts such as "epicenter, epicentral distance and fluctuating polarization plane".
2. The most important historical significance is that the seismograph has created a scientific way of "how to measure one's own motion in the motion system"-using inertia and the trigger mechanism needed to realize this measurement-"Guan Shi Ji Fa". Therefore, its scientific level far exceeds all contemporary instruments based on static measurement (such as watches, armymen, clepsydra and so on). ), so that by18th century and the first half of19th century, no seismographs (including mercury seismographs) could be found in the world. If people want to move on, they must first learn from Zhang Heng.
The seismograph is a masterpiece created by Zhang Heng, a scientist of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China. During the Eastern Han Dynasty when Zhang Heng lived, earthquakes were frequent. Zhang Heng has a lot of personal experience about earthquakes. In order to master the national earthquake dynamics, after years of research, he finally invented the Hou Feng seismograph in the first year of Yangjia (AD 132), which was also the first seismograph in the world.
4. Who invented seismograph Zhang Heng's seismograph in the history of our country, and created the history of using scientific instruments to predict earthquakes.
For a long time, Chinese and foreign scientists have been giving high praise to it, thinking that it is designed and made by using the principle of inertia and can detect the main impact direction of seismic waves. It is really commendable to be able to do this at the beginning of the 2 nd century when technology is still very backward.
It is 1700 years earlier than similar seismographs created in Europe. Jurchen originated in the northeast, and now there are no jurchen tribes in the northeast.
However, thousands of miles away in the northwest, there is a tribe with a population of more than 5,000 and a settlement history of more than 800 years. The largest "Wanyan Tribe" in China is located in Jingchuan County, Gansu Province.
The quiet Jinghe River flows through Wangcun Town, Jingchuan County. On the north bank of Jinghe River, at the foot of Jiuding Meihua Mountain, which looks like nine plum blossoms, there are more than 5,000 descendants of Jurchen Wanyanbu.
The descendants of the tomb-keepers named Wan Yan followed the tradition left by their ancestors and became the largest settlement of Wan Yan in China. Although the numerous royal tombs and historical sites in Wanyan Village are enough to explain the origin of this descendant of Wanyan tribe, how did their ancestors escort their ancestors' coffins to settle thousands of miles away? Zhang Huaiqun, vice chairman of Jingchuan CPPCC, who has been paying attention to and studying Wanyan Village for a long time, said that the Jurchen nationality is a nation on horseback, and it is relatively easy to migrate on a large scale with the help of animal power. At the same time, jurchen used to be cremated before entering the emperor shunzhi, so the burden of escorting the coffin for long-distance migration is not heavy.
Nowadays, most of the people in Wanyan Village are descendants of the tomb guards at that time. With the development of history, at present, their village is registered as Han nationality at one time.
More than 90% of the "topography" on the moon is named after famous scientists from all over the world. Among them are the names of five China scientists.
They are: Shi Shen, a famous astronomer in the mid-Warring States period, cooperated with the Chu people Gande to compile the world's earliest catalog. Later generations called these two works "A Passage to Shi Gan".
This is the earliest astronomical work in the world. The International Committee on Lunar Toponymy named a crater on the back of the moon Shen Shishan.
Zhang Heng-(78-139) was born in Nanyang (now Shiqiao, Nanyang County, Henan Province). He was a great astronomer in the Eastern Han Dynasty and made an indelible contribution to the development of astronomy in China. In mathematics, geography, painting and literature, Zhang Heng also showed extraordinary talent and extensive knowledge.
Zhang Heng is one of the representatives of Huntian theory in the middle of Eastern Han Dynasty. He pointed out that the moon itself does not shine, and moonlight is actually a reflection of the sun's light; He also correctly explained the cause of the solar eclipse and realized the infinity of the universe and the relationship between the speed of planetary motion and the distance from the earth. Zhang Heng observed and recorded 2,500 stars, created the world's first leaky ball that can accurately perform astronomical phenomena, the first instrument to test earthquakes-the waiting wind seismograph, and also made a South Locomotive, an automatic drum car, a wooden bird flying to Wan Li and so on.
Zhang Heng * * * is the author of 32 scientific, philosophical and literary works, among which astronomical works include Ling Xian and Ling Xian Tu. In order to commemorate Zhang Heng's achievements, people named the crater on the back of the moon as "Zhang Heng Crater" and the asteroid 1802 as "Zhang Heng Asteroid".
Guo Moruo, a famous writer and historian in China in the 20th century, commented on Zhang Heng: "Such an all-round development figure is rare in world history, and it has been admirable for thousands of years." Zu Chongzhi (429-500), a native of Wen Yuan, was an outstanding mathematician, astronomer and mechanical manufacturer in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
In astronomy, Zu Chongzhi created a famous new calendar in the history of China-Daming Calendar. In Da Liming, he quoted precession for the first time, which was a major reform in the calendar history of our country. He also adopted the new leap week of 39 1 144 leap month, which is more accurate than the leap week of 7 leap months invented in ancient times.
The regression year and intersection days calculated by Zu Chongzhi are very close to the observed values. Mathematically speaking, the true value of pi calculated by Zu Chongzhi should be between 3. 14 15926 and 3. 14 15927, which is more than a thousand years earlier than that in Europe.
In terms of machinery manufacturing, we have made a copper compass car, a water hammer mill with hydraulic rice milling, a "thousand-mile boat" that can walk hundreds of miles a day, and timing instruments, such as leaky pots and scorpions. To commemorate Zu Chongzhi's achievements, people named the crater on the back of the moon "Zu Chongzhi Crater" and the asteroid 1888 "Zu Chongzhi Asteroid".
Guo Shoujing-(1231-1316), a native of Xingtai, Shunde (now Xingtai, Hebei), was an astronomer, hydraulic scientist, mathematician and instrument manufacturer in Yuan Dynasty. Guo Shoujing, Wang Xun, Xu Heng and others worked out the most advanced and longest-lasting calendar in ancient China.
In order to compile the calendar, he created and improved more than a dozen astronomical instruments, such as simple instrument, altimeter, climatologist, armillary sphere, upright instrument, landscape instrument and peep instrument. Twenty-seven observation stations have been set up all over the country, and a large-scale "four seas survey" has been carried out. The average error of the measured Arctic height is only 0.35; The average error of the newly measured 28-night distance is less than 5'; The new value of yellow-red intersection angle is measured, and the error is only 1'. The tropical year is 365.2425 days, which is completely consistent with the current Gregorian calendar. Guo Shoujing's astronomical calendar works include Tuibu, Licheng, Yi Li Zhuan, Yi Xiang Fa, He Liu et al. 14, with the volume of *** 105.
To commemorate Guo Shoujing's achievements, people named the crater on the back of the moon "Guo Shoujing Crater" and the asteroid 20 12 "Guo Shoujing Asteroid". Wan Hu, a scientist of Amin Dynasty in China, was a pioneer of manned rockets in the world at the end of 15.
Ten thousand families tied 47 rockets to their seats, sat in chairs, held two big kites, and used the thrust of the rockets and the lift of the kites to make people ignite and try to take off. The amazing courage and extraordinary foresight of thousands of families have opened up ideas for future generations to enter space.
To commemorate the world's first pioneer who used rocket thrust to fly, a crater on the back of the moon was named "Wan Hu Crater". References:
Jinghua station
5. What is the history of China's scientific development only referring to space flight? Since the establishment of 1956, China's space industry has experienced several important periods, such as hard struggle, supporting development, reform and revitalization, and going abroad. Up to now, it has reached a considerable scale and level: a complete supporting research, design, production and test system has been formed; A spacecraft launch center capable of launching various satellites and manned spacecraft, as well as a monitoring and control network composed of various domestic ground stations and long-distance tracking and measuring ships, have been established. A variety of satellite application systems have been established, and remarkable social and economic benefits have been achieved; A space science research system with a certain level has been established and many innovative achievements have been made. A team of aerospace science and technology with good quality and high technical level has been trained.
China's space industry has developed under the conditions of weak basic industries, relatively backward scientific and technological level, special national conditions and specific historical conditions. China has independently carried out space activities, embarked on a unique development path suited to its national conditions in a relatively short period of time, and achieved a series of important achievements.
In many important technical fields, such as satellite recovery, multi-satellite with one arrow, low-temperature fuel rocket technology, bundled rocket technology and geostationary orbit satellite launch, measurement and control, China has become one of the advanced countries in the world. Great achievements have been made in the development and application of remote sensing satellites, communication satellites, manned spacecraft experiments and space microgravity experiments. Space technology 1. Artificial earth satellite.
China successfully developed and launched the first artificial earth satellite "Dongfanghong-1" on April 24th, 1970, becoming the fifth country in the world to independently develop and launch an artificial earth satellite. By June 5438+00, 2000, China * * * had developed and launched 47 different types of artificial earth satellites, with a success rate of over 90%.
At present, China has initially formed four major satellite series-recoverable remote sensing satellite series, "Dongfanghong" communication and broadcasting satellite series, "Fengyun" meteorological satellite series, "practical" scientific exploration and technical test satellite series, and "resources" earth resources satellite series will soon be formed. China is the third country in the world to master satellite recycling technology, and the success rate of satellite recycling has reached the international advanced level; China is the fifth country in the world to independently develop and launch a geostationary orbit communication satellite.
The main technical indexes of China Meteorological Satellite and Earth Resources Satellite have reached the international level in the early 1990s. In recent years, six communication, earth resources and meteorological satellites developed and launched by China have been put into use, with stable work and good performance, resulting in good social and economic benefits.
2. Launch vehicle. China has independently developed 12 Long March series launch vehicles of different models, which are suitable for launching near-earth orbit, geostationary orbit and sun-synchronous orbit.
The maximum carrying capacity of the "Long March" series of launch vehicles in near-earth orbit reaches 9200 kg, and the maximum carrying capacity of geosynchronous transfer orbit reaches 5 100 kg, which can basically meet the needs of different users. Since 1985 China officially announced that it would put the Long March series of launch vehicles into the international commercial launch market, 27 foreign-made satellites have been successfully launched, occupying a place in the international commercial satellite launch service market.
So far, the "Long March" series of launch vehicles have been launched 63 times; From June 1996 to June 10, 2000, the "Long March" series of launch vehicles have been successfully launched for 2 consecutive times. 3. Spacecraft launch site.
China has built three launch sites for spacecraft, Jiuquan, Xichang and Taiyuan, and successfully completed the flight tests of various launch vehicles and the launching tasks of various artificial satellites and test spacecraft. China Spacecraft Launch Site can not only complete the domestic launch mission, but also serve the international commercial launch and carry out other international space cooperation.
4. TT&C in Space. China has built a complete TT&C network, including TT&C stations on land and TT&C ships at sea, and successfully completed TT&C missions in space from near-earth orbit satellites to geostationary orbit satellites and from satellites to test spacecraft.
China Aerospace TT&C Network has the ability of international networking and sharing TT&C resources, and TT&C technology has reached the advanced level in the world. 5. Manned spaceflight.
From 65438 to 0992, China began to carry out manned spacecraft space engineering, developed manned spacecraft and highly reliable launch vehicles, conducted research on space medicine and space life science engineering, selected reserve astronauts, and developed a number of space remote sensing and space science experimental devices. 1999165438+21year1October 20th, China successfully launched and recovered the first unmanned experimental spacecraft, marking a breakthrough in the basic technology of manned spacecraft and an important step in the field of manned space flight.
Space Applications China attaches great importance to the development of various application satellites and satellite application technologies, and has made great progress in satellite remote sensing, satellite communication, satellite navigation and positioning. Of the satellites developed and launched by China, remote sensing satellites and communication satellites account for about 7 1%. These satellites are widely used in various fields of economy, science and technology, culture and national defense construction, and have achieved remarkable social and economic benefits.
Relevant state departments have also actively used various foreign application satellites to carry out applied technology research, and achieved good application results. 1. Satellite remote sensing.
Since the early 1970s, China has been using domestic and foreign remote sensing satellites to carry out research, development and popularization of satellite remote sensing application technology, which has been widely used in meteorology, geology and mineral resources, surveying and mapping, agriculture and forestry, water conservancy, ocean, earthquake and urban construction. At present, the National Remote Sensing Center, National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Resources Satellite Application Center, Satellite Ocean Application Center, China Remote Sensing Satellite Ground Receiving Station and other institutions have been established, as well as satellite remote sensing application research institutions of relevant ministries and commissions in the State Council, some provinces and cities and Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Using remote sensing satellites at home and abroad, these professional institutions have carried out applied research work in many aspects and fields, such as meteorological forecast, land survey, crop yield estimation, forest survey, disaster monitoring, environmental protection, ocean forecast, urban planning, map mapping and so on. In particular, the operational operation of the satellite meteorological ground application system has greatly improved the accuracy of disastrous weather forecasting and significantly reduced the economic losses of the country and people.
2. Satellite communication. Since the mid-1980s, China has used domestic and foreign communication satellites to develop satellite communication technology to meet the growing needs of communication, broadcasting and education.
A fixed connection on a satellite.
6. Who invented the seismograph? Zhang Heng's seismograph in the Eastern Han Dynasty surpassed the times in scientific practice. What the world values is, after all, Zhang Heng's first step in seismology-his breakthrough academic thoughts and inventions are by no means specific to detecting several earthquakes in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Like Galileo, Gerbernie and other world giants, Zhang Heng ended his life in bitter wind and rain after brilliant achievements. The scientific value and historical role of seismograph If we narrowly understand Zhang Heng's great contribution as a seismograph, it is underestimated to the bottom line anyway.
His greatness lies in:
When human beings were only passively beaten in the face of earthquake disasters, he was the first to stand up and carry out observation and research with scientific instruments. Since then, human beings have the tools to stand in front of disasters for the first time, and realize for the first time that the ground movement under their feet has a certain distance from the source of the earthquake and has a certain relationship with the direction of vibration. It is a metaphor for the original concepts such as "epicenter, epicentral distance and fluctuating polarization plane". Second, and most importantly, he pioneered a scientific way of "how to measure one's own motion in a motion system"-using inertia and the trigger mechanism needed to achieve this measurement-"Guan Shi Ji Fa". Although he, like all great innovators, did not fully understand the mechanism at first, he practiced and succeeded. His scientific practice is actually a dynamic observation of the fluctuation process, so his scientific level far exceeds that of all contemporary instruments based on static measurement (such as watches, armymen, clepsydra, etc.). ), so that by the18th century and the first half of19th century, there were no more seismographs (including mercury seismographs) in the world. Limited by the development of history and science, the ancestors of China didn't realize the far-reaching significance of Zhang Heng's invention until the end of 19. From the thoroughness of the Southern Song Dynasty, He Wei of the Qing Dynasty to Ruan Yuan of 1833, the stubborn disease of "unbelief" is like smoking opium. If you read history, you will find how many "no" are infected today. While China was stupid, overseas scholars during the industrial revolution were trying to study Zhang Heng: 1875, and Japanese Hattori 13 drew the restoration map for the first time according to the Chinese character 196 in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty. Milne, an Englishman who is also in Japan, translated these Chinese characters into English one by one for understanding. Milne's painstaking research on the seismograph during 1880- 1883 convinced him that Zhang Heng used the pendulum principle, and pointed out: "The value of Zhang Heng's seismograph is not only that it is an ancient invention, but more importantly, it has left many meaningful inspirations for scientific instruments with extremely similar ideas in the present era." After 52 kinds of simulation tests, Milne gradually deduced, transformed and developed Zhang Heng's inertial measurement idea from suspended pendulum structure to horizontal pendulum, and finally invented modern seismograph in 1894, and then established a global seismic network, which realized a leap in modern seismology. 1897, he set up the first instrument outside Japan in the north of Taiwan Province, which is still treasured in the Taiwan Province Museum of Natural History. The history of modern seismology in the world began with 1900. Look at today's natural earthquake measurement, industrial earthquake measurement, moon and seabed earthquake measurement, and even the "pedometer" carried by the elderly. Without exception, they are the follow-up derivatives of Zhang Heng's scientific inventions. Repairing seismographs is not to replace modern seismographs and monitoring networks. In the final analysis, just for scientific research, make an ancient seismograph according to historical records. It has simple structure and clear principle. Let's give it a try and see if we can achieve high-precision earthquake detection. Let's walk into the long river of earthquake development history, be as close to the source as possible, and have a thinking dialogue with the sages beyond time and space! Make the public have a more specific and profound understanding of Zhang Heng's scientific practice, thus being infinitely enlightened. Our public and children can learn a lot of basic knowledge of earthquake science, feel sincere kindness and glory, and inspire themselves to make new contributions to human progress like Zhang Heng. Zhang Heng is gone, but his spirit of exploring the laws of nature and being brave in innovation will never die out. The restoration research in the past hundred years is like a running river. After replacing the last wave, it happily pushed the next wave. In this way, people walked from history to the future, leaving eternal joy. Zhen Duo drew his seismograph restoration model according to the pendulum principle. Earthquake research in China is catching up with the international advanced level.