What is the solar term of summer solstice?
Summer solstice is one of the 24 solar terms, which occurs on June 2 1 or 22 of the Gregorian calendar every year. On the solstice in summer, the direct sunlight on the ground reaches the northernmost point of the year and almost directly reaches the Tropic of Cancer. At this time, the day in the northern hemisphere is the longest, and the farther north it is, the longer it is.
The summer solstice falls on June 2 1 or 22 every year. Although the summer solstice has the longest day and the highest sun angle, it is not the hottest time of the year. Because, close to the surface of the heat, at this time still continue to save, did not reach the maximum time. As the saying goes, "Hot days are in dog days", and the real hot weather is calculated by summer solstice and beginning of autumn. From mid-July to mid-August, the temperature is the highest in all parts of the country, and the highest temperature in some areas can reach about 40℃.
Summer solstice phenology: On the day of summer solstice, antlers are released, cicadas begin to sing on the fifth day, and Pinellia ternata is born on the fifth day.
The solstice in summer is the turning point of Yin and Yang in heaven. When heaven and earth are in harmony, the extremes of things will be reversed, and the extremes of things will be reversed. After the summer solstice, creatures that like shade on the earth began to appear, while those that like sunlight began to decline.
In ancient China, the summer solstice was divided into three phases: "The first phase of staghorn dissolution; Second, wait for cicadas to start singing; Third-class Pinellia ternata. "
Although elk and deer belong to the same family, the ancients thought they belonged to yin and yang. The deer's horn faces forward, so it belongs to Yang. On the solstice of summer, Yin Qi was born, and Yang Qi began to decline, so the front antlers began to fall off. However, the elk is cloudy, so it falls off at the corner from winter to Sunday; However, after the summer solstice, the male cicada will flap its wings and sing. Pinellia ternata is a shade-loving herb, named after it was born in swamps or paddy fields in midsummer.
It can be seen that in the hot summer, some yin-loving creatures began to appear, while positive creatures began to decline.
Climatic characteristics of summer solstice
Convective weather: after the summer solstice, the ground is heated strongly and the air convection is strong, and thunderstorms often form in the afternoon to evening. This kind of hot thunderstorm comes and goes, and the rainfall range is small. People call it "dividing fields in summer and rain".
Rainstorm weather: In most cases, during the "summer solstice" period, it is the rainy season in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Jianghuai Basin. Frequent rainstorms can easily lead to floods and even threaten people's lives and property. Attention should be paid to strengthening flood control work.
Meiyu in Jianghuai: The summer solstice season is the "Meiyu" season in Jianghuai area. This is the yellow ripening period of plums in Jiangnan. The air is very humid, and cold and warm air masses meet here to form a trough of low pressure, which leads to rainy weather.
Hot weather: The summer solstice, like the winter solstice, is a solar term that reflects seasonal changes. Astronomy stipulates that the summer solstice is the beginning of summer in the northern hemisphere. From summer to the future, although the direct point of the sun began to move south from the Tropic of Cancer, the days in the northern hemisphere began to shorten gradually. For the Tropic of Cancer and its northern area, the height of the sun began to decrease day by day at noon, but the heat radiated by the sun to the ground was still more than the heat radiated from the ground to the air, so the temperature will continue to rise in the future, so there is a saying that the summer solstice is not too hot.
Summer solstice customs all over the country
1., Beijing: Jiao Zi's prostrate face.
According to the custom of old Beijing, you can spit lettuce and cold noodles at the beginning of the "summer solstice" every year, and the noodles must be Zhajiang noodles in old Beijing.
2. Shandong: The solstice in winter is jiaozi, and the solstice in summer.
In Shandong, there is a saying that "noodles are eaten in jiaozi on the solstice in winter", and cold noodles are usually eaten on the solstice in summer, commonly known as "crossing the water".
3. Jiangsu: Summer "three fresh" are indispensable.
"Di San Xian" is amaranth, broad bean and almond; "Three fresh trees" are cherries, plums and Chinese toons; The "three fresh" are Hayes, crucian carp and duck eggs.
4. Wuxi: Have porridge in the morning and wonton at noon.
On the solstice of summer, Wuxi people eat porridge in the morning and wonton at noon, which means chaos and harmony. The ancients called it "like a chicken laying eggs, rather like a chaotic image of heaven and earth", and "wonton" is homophonic with "chaos", so eating wonton can be smart.
5. Shaanxi: "Summer solstice" eats zongzi.
In Shaanxi, people eat zongzi on the day of "summer solstice" because there is a view that the Dragon Boat Festival originated from the summer solstice.
6, Zhejiang: "Summer solstice, take tonic"
In Zhejiang, there is a custom of "eating nourishing food from summer to day", generally eating red dates and boiled eggs to nourish the body.
7. Lingnan: "Eating a lychee from summer to the sun, it doesn't hurt for a year."
Eating dog meat and litchi in the summer of solstice is a "patent" that Lingnan people want to eat. It is said that dog meat and lychee are not hot together in summer solstice, and there is a saying that "fish breeds dogs in summer solstice", so the habit of eating dog meat and lychee in summer solstice continues to this day.
8. North Sichuan: Cooking porridge and drinking tea on the summer solstice.
People often use lotus leaves to cook porridge, which can relieve summer heat and dampness; Some people use wax gourd to cook porridge, which can play the role of clearing heat and diuresis.