What do you mean by ancient seasons?
A timely decree. The "season" was originally a law on farming according to the seasonal climate: "The son of heaven and Dr. Qing celebrate the national code and discuss the season until the next year." The original meaning of "season" has now retired, referring to seasons and festivals, and is often used with food, vegetables and fruits.
Related explanations:
Jude Moon Order. In ancient times, agricultural laws were made according to the seasons. "The Book of Rites and the Moon Order": "The moon in winter! The son of heaven is discussing the national law with officials or doctors and the season of the coming year. " Sun Xidan: Ji Jieyin: Wu Cheng: Yue: "It's seasonal, and you can send a message at any time." "The Biography of Ming Di in the Later Han Dynasty": "It will be late in the class season." : Li Xian: Note: "The season is also called the month, and there are orders at four o'clock." Qing: Gong Zizhen: Book 17 on the occasion of B, C: "Shun Yin and Yang, divided into four seasons, Chen Su's wise and wise strategy, teaching people to rule the law of heaven, and the words of public officials, teachers and ministers are also."
Season. Tang: Bai Juyi: One of the poems of "Giving Friends": "When the season is not right, all living beings suffer from it." "Negative teaching material, the situation is too defensive to kill children": "Eating a cup of realgar wine is in season, my wine is weak, so I might as well do something." Lao She: "Two Horses", paragraph 5, paragraph 4: "This kind of sadness was handed down by primitive humans. In a certain season, it will sprout like a flower. "
Dialect. Seasonal diseases. This is in season.
Book classification directory name. Song: In the past, books about seasons were classified as sub-farmers, but their contents, from the national code system to folk customs, were not limited to farming, so the bibliography of Zhongxing Pavilion classified seasons as another category. Qing Dynasty: The Sikuquanshu was revised on behalf of others, which has been used to this day. Song Dynasty: The old rules are still in season immediately.
Relevant customs:
Spring Festival: From the Qing Dynasty to the early years of the Republic of China, every year on the day of "beginning of spring", the county held a Spring Festival party to worship the "country" (the country is the land and the millet is the grain), and then the county magistrate personally went to the "spring field" in the eastern suburbs to plow the fields three times to show the beginning of spring ploughing. This cow, dressed in red and flowers, rode on a teenager disguised as "the God of Spring", paraded around the street in the sound of gongs and drums, and every household burned incense to welcome the spring. Although the ceremony was later cancelled, a bunch of bamboo and cypress trees were hung on the head of each gate, and a red note "Welcome to Spring" was posted on the wall, which has continued to this day. The name Springfield still exists.
Avoid e: In the dry calendar, there are two words that match the words "heavenly stem" and "earthly branch" every day, namely Jia Zi and E Chou ..., and in every May Day, especially the annual "Five Years" (Chen Wu and Wu Yin ...), you can't break ground, even sweep the floor, take out garbage or splash water. Say that May Day is the integration of heaven and earth; If you don't avoid e, the crops will be hit by water. This custom has been passed down to this day.
The "vernal equinox" does not cut wood: the "vernal equinox" is the fourth section of the 24 solar terms in agriculture. People say that this day is the day when birds are divided into mountains. If you touch the vegetation, the crops will be harmed by birds. The old farmer still retains this custom today.
Please drink the wine of planting seedlings: planting seedlings is the key to farming. Farmers regard planting rice (as the saying goes) as a happy event. They prepare food in advance, choose a good day to plant seedlings, bring back the married girl, invite school teachers and friends they know to drink Miao wine, have rice, sweet wine and glutinous rice balls, and receive them warmly early at noon. Ordering seeds (planting corn) also includes meals. It is still very common.
Beating gongs and drums: If farmers who plant large areas of corn crops encounter grass shortage for the second time, they will have a big banquet and invite dozens or more people to mow the grass suddenly. This is called "beating gongs and drums" and can be divided into "beating gongs and drums" and "boring gongs and drums". The former is specially invited to sing, two people in a class, one gong and one drum, one sentence for each person, and seven words (there are also many words to grab the mouth), and each sentence is sonorous and powerful, and the song is loud and lively, also known as "playing Yang gongs and drums". There are three aspects in the lyrics: first, organize and guide the weeding people to set up competitions, pay attention to safety and exert their strength, and don't be negative and scold each other; The second is to publicize the national policies at that time; The third is to sing classical biographical stories. Those who don't sing, don't use firecrackers and bury their heads in weeding are called boring gongs and drums. Singers, people with a little salary, weeding, or helping or returning to work. This activity lasted until the 1970s. After the implementation of the land contract responsibility system, the labor efficiency has been improved unprecedentedly, and this kind of activity naturally stopped.
Pray for rain: Pingli often suffers from summer drought. People ask Taoist priests to chant Buddhist scriptures, weld small porcelain vases with wax, and throw them into deep pools to ask the Dragon King to deliver water. Some dressed the dog and walked around the country with it, which made the audience laugh, thinking that laughing at the dog could rain. These things are barefoot and bare-chested, their heads tied with wicker, and the gongs and drums are loud, forming a vast crowd for several days, to no avail, and it rains occasionally. For example, there was a "Great Holy Temple" (the Monkey King statue) in the river brain of Puji, and there was a summer drought in the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937). The local people asked the Taoist priest to recite the scriptures and asked the Great Sage when it would rain. "Gua Shuo" asked a scholar to write a text and burn it to the sky. It will rain at 3: 30 noon tomorrow. Immediately, I went to see the old man Bai Hua overnight to do so. On the day of the long drought, it happened that he got what he wanted, so the Monkey King "showed great power" and became a legend. These nonsense and foolish behaviors were eradicated long after liberation.
Insect-killing: Taoist priests set up an altar to recite scriptures and pray to the gods, which is called "insect-killing". During the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, science was backward, there was no pesticide, crops suffered from diseases and insect pests, and farmers pinned their hopes on God. 195 1 year, Chilo suppressalis can be found everywhere in the eastern suburb of Pingli County and Taiping River field in Qiu Ping District, and its larvae are trapped in rice leaves. The county people's government immediately organized cadres and urban youth to catch insects, cut off the rice leaves damaged by insects and piled them into hills. Chickens and ducks had enough to eat, firewood was burned to death, and all the pests were destroyed in a few days. This experience was introduced to Taiping River, where farmers insisted on using the old method to control pests, and the county working group adopted the method of dividing acres and competing within a time limit. Within 3 days, all the artificial insects were removed and the seedlings turned green; The paddy field for blessing is so large, the seedlings wither and the insects flourish, and it's too late to regret it.
Patrol the husband and guard the valley: During the Republic of China, every autumn, strong middle-aged people specially patrol and guard the valley to prevent theft. A pack of corn fields with more than ten households and ten stones (200 kg for each stone) is covered once and inspected every day. This kind of person is called "patrol": at the main intersection of his guard range, a bamboo sign is inserted, which says "so-and-so patrol guard" pays about 5 liters of grain for each stone area from black beard of corn to mature harvested hemp skin. If it is stolen by thieves, the householder will not only pay the full reward, but also double the compensation for the loss per kloc-0/barrel; If the patrolman catches the thief, he will be fined one plus ten. It is more effective to protect the autumn harvest.
Feeding Laba porridge to fruit trees: Before liberation, few people cut the rough skin of the main stems of pear, walnut and other fruit trees into a string on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month every year, and fed it with Laba porridge, saying that it could avoid the fruit from falling when it was immature the next year.
Artisans avoid eating leftovers: now for many years, craftsmen such as wood, stone and bamboo have come to work, and they don't eat boiled leftovers for the first time. Some of them are unhappy, although they don't know how they feel. I think eating leftovers indicates rework.
Sacrificial kiln for firing pottery, bricks, lime, charcoal, etc. In rural areas. Before ignition, use pig's head, eggs and incense table to pay homage, and pray for the blessing of God and master to ensure smooth production. There are also sneaky "sacrificial kilns".
Treatment of classical swine fever in Jiang Taigong: In the old rural areas where science is underdeveloped, it is often seen that there is a note next to the pigsty, which reads "Jiang Taigong (referring to Jiang Ziya) is here, pigs are not for sale" to prevent classical swine fever.