Characteristics of ancient imperial tombs
During the period of unity and stability, the location of tombs in Qin, Han, Tang, Song and Ming and Qing dynasties clearly reflected the environmental characteristics of open, semi-open and idealized closed tombs. During Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Liao, Xia and Jin Dynasties, the location and layout of tombs were between open and semi-open, semi-open and closed, showing obvious transition.
During the Qin and Han dynasties, the high-opening platform with deep soil layer, deep groundwater level and wide field of vision was mainly selected as the mausoleum site. (such as the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty) formed a unique concept of geomantic omen in the early days.
The mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor is located at the foot of Mount Li. Besides ritual factors, the geomantic omen here is better, and Li Can can better meet its lofty psychological needs. The deep loess layer in front of the mountain is suitable for deep excavation of the mausoleum, with dense soil and strong bearing capacity, which are all good manifestations of geomantic omen. The Mausoleum of the Western Han Dynasty was chosen in the highland on the north bank of the river valley, showing an east-west strip layout, which fully demonstrated the open feng shui thought.
During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the regime changed frequently, and a thin burial was once carried out. Now, the luxurious tombs of this period have rarely been excavated. There is also a saying that it was too messy. If it is buried very thick, it will be dug up for him soon after it is buried. The theory of geomantic omen in this period was also complicated, and the mausoleum was chosen on the mountainside or foothill near the capital, which had obvious influence in this period.
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, especially after the formation of the geomantic omen theory in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the tombs in the Southern Dynasties resumed the reburial system in the Qin and Han Dynasties many times. In addition, there are many hills and gullies in Nanjing, with a lot of precipitation, and the groundwater level is much higher than that in the north. Therefore, the mausoleum was forced to choose a mountainous area that rose to the sea. Due to the majority of ethnic minorities in the Northern Dynasties, their funeral methods have quite the characteristics of grassland nomads.
China Ancient "The Most Cow Emperor's Tomb"
During 1200 years, Ganling experienced three famous excavations. Huang Chao led 400,000 people to dig dry graves for the first time. However, these 400,000 people leveled half of the country and did not dig out Ganling.
The second time was pirates in Wen Tao during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, and the third time was missile pirates in Sun Dianying. In addition, Ganling has experienced at least ten excavations, large and small, but it is always safe.
For the purpose of protecting cultural relics, there is still no excavation of Ganling in China. Therefore, this mausoleum, which has gone through thousands of years, still stands on the land of our country, witnessing the history of our Chinese nation for thousands of years.