China Naming Network - Eight-character Q&A - How many people died in the Qing Dynasty in the eight years of Qianlong, which is known as "the hottest in history"?

How many people died in the Qing Dynasty in the eight years of Qianlong, which is known as "the hottest in history"?

Humans are always sensitive to temperature, so heat and cold are often regarded as natural enemies by most people. With global warming, we often complain about the hot weather, which is so dark. But do you know how hot it is? It is called "the hottest summer in China's history"?

Many stories happened in the eighth year of Qianlong (1743), and "the hottest summer in China's history" appeared on a summer in the eighth year of Qianlong. According to historical records, during the period from1July 74314 to 12/25th, there were 1 1400 people who died in the suburbs and urban areas of Beijing due to the intense heat.

According to the statistics of the imperial court at that time, nearly a thousand people died every day on average, which was a terrible number, and it was only near Beijing. However, readers should not forget that so much happened in this dynasty at that time. If it is not solved in time, most officials involved in this matter will lose their jobs, so most of the reported data are mixed with some water, and even the real data makes people think very carefully.

How hot is it to kill so many people? According to Zhang Del, director of Paleoclimate Research Office of National Climate Center of China Meteorological Bureau.

On July 20-25, A.D. 1743, the temperature was the highest, with an average higher than 40℃. Among them, the temperature on the 25th was the highest, reaching a horrible 44.4℃, and the surface temperature was almost 65℃. Maybe we don't feel the heat of the temperature in the data, so let me give you a few examples.

In our daily life, it is already hot indoors at 27℃, but according to the somatosensory index of different temperatures, it is already hot from 25℃. At this time, friends who are afraid of heat have used electric fans, and it is extremely hot when it exceeds 27.9℃. At this time, summer sleeping mats also come in handy. At 30℃, air conditioning is also provided. When the temperature reaches 35℃, it really exists.

Even lead and tin have been melted. Here is a general idea. The melting point of lead is 327.46℃, while that of tin is 23 1.93℃. Of course, it is exaggerated, but it also shows that the weather is hot. Emperor Qianlong also wrote a poem "Hot":

Think about it. Gan Long, lying in an air-conditioned room, wrote poems about the hot weather. Folk people are obviously worse.

As mentioned above, there are still human factors that cause so many people to die of heatstroke. At that time, with the social productivity and technological level at that time, it was difficult for people to ensure that they could stay at home to make a living. In ancient times, people couldn't afford to buy ice at the same price as oil. They worked in a hot environment and didn't have good summer measures. Most people will hate it in hot weather.

You may ask the royal family at that time, but it is different from ordinary people. People live a comfortable life, and the first thing people can't afford is ice. According to historical records, there were more than a dozen cold cellars around Beijing at that time, which were stored in winter and provided to the royal family in hot summer. Ice cubes are stored in boxes, some fruits are put in boxes, and royalty and nobles enjoy the coolness brought by iced fruits.

Followed by "dragon skin", it is said that soaking in water in summer is a treasure born when it is cold.

Of course, the dragon skin here is not really dragon skin. Although it is called dragon skin, it is actually made of python skin. Python is a cold-blooded animal, and its leather products have good thermal insulation effect. Cloth and cloak made of python skin were awesome heatstroke prevention artifacts at that time. Finally, the summer resort. I believe you should have seen a lot in court dramas. The famous chengde mountain resort, for example, is not only a place to visit the holy land, but also a place for the emperor to spend the summer and handle government affairs. In contrast, ordinary people really live in "hot water".

In today's era, although there are still farmers and workers working hard under the scorching sun, few people are killed by the heat, which is largely due to modern technology, so that we all have our own "summer resort" in the heat. However, with the continuous development of human science, global warming is becoming more and more serious, and the frequency of extreme weather is also increasing. The weather in southern China has also experienced a continuous high temperature climate. We advocate a low-carbon life, starting with you and me.