History of State-owned Chongqing Shuangxi Machinery Factory

In the mid-1960s, due to the need of war preparedness, the country started the construction of the third line, and the Central Committee and the State Council decided to "take Chongqing as the center and build an industrial base capable of producing conventional weapons in three years or a little longer, with corresponding raw materials and necessary machinery manufacturing industries". The specific implementation plan of "Third Line Construction" is: 1964 In the second half of the year, a few factories will be relocated as pilots, and most factories will be relocated. 1965 began a large-scale relocation, and Chongqing Shuangxi Machinery Factory was launched under this background. 1965, according to chairman Mao's instructions on strengthening the construction of the third line, Shuangxi machinery factory (code: 147 factory) was established under the leadership of the Fifth Ministry of Machinery Industry. The factory is the former site of the 40th Arsenal (Guangxi No.1 Arsenal) which was moved from Guangxi to Chongqing during the Anti-Japanese War. Shuangxi Machinery Factory was established by technicians from companies such as Northeast Qiqihar Heping Machinery Factory (code: 127 Factory) and Taiyuan Shanxi Machinery Factory (code: 247 Factory). The factory uses the natural alluvial valley of rivers to build workshops, and the karst terrain in southwest China to build secret workshops in some huge caves according to local conditions, so as to engage in military production.

March 1965, 10 The vanguard troops of infrastructure, equipment and water and electricity, which are composed of technicians from Northeast Qiqihar Heping Machinery Factory and Taiyuan Jinxi Machinery Factory, came to Zhangjiaba. The site selection principle of the third-line construction is "near the water, close to the mountain, scattered and hidden". There are many karst landforms in southwest China, and Zhangjiaba is no exception. There are many underground rivers and caves, and the land is barren. I chose it mainly because there are three large natural caves, which are suitable for hidden and secret production. However, it was later discovered that the largest No.2 cave always has falling rocks, which is not suitable for workshops. The hole 1 is the highest, and a cable car path hundreds of meters long must be built to enter the hole 1 from the foot of the mountain. The original 40th Arsenal, which moved from Guangxi to Chongqing during the Anti-Japanese War, also made bullets in that cave. Most of the workshops are built in caves which are warm in winter and cool in summer, and the lighting depends entirely on electric lights. The cave is not straight, and the roads and tracks needed for production are built in the direction of natural caves. There are no corners and the cave is uneven, so there are steps in the workshop.

Shuangxi Machinery Factory is positioned as a domestic 60-type122mm gun assembly factory. All kinds of accessories are from Taiyuan, Baotou, Chengdu and other surrounding arsenals. Since its establishment, the factory has been under the Ministry of Machinery Industry (Weapons Industry) of China. Ordnance Industry was restructured into China Ordnance Industry Corporation, which is subordinate to China Ordnance Industry Corporation. After the establishment of the factory, it has made important contributions to the national defense cause and strongly supported the counterattack against Vietnam.

In the mid-1980s, the international situation changed, and the world gradually turned from confrontation to dialogue. In response to the sudden outbreak of war, some third-tier enterprises, which mainly focus on military production, saw their military tasks sharply reduced and their economic benefits declined. During the construction of the third line, the site selection is too deep into the mountains, too deep into the caves, and the layout is too scattered. Serious natural disasters such as landslides, mudslides and mountain torrents are widespread, threatening the property of the country and the safety of workers. In addition, the transportation is inconvenient, the production coordination is difficult, the production cost is high, the product market competition is weak, the information is ineffective, the investment environment is poor, the labor force is unstable, and the brain drain is serious. The CPC Central Committee sized up the situation and formulated the eight-character policy of "adjusting, transforming and playing a role" in the third-line construction.

With the gradual reduction of military plans issued by the state, the life of Shuangxi Factory became sad, and the factory began to develop civilian products. In the late 1970s, after inspecting Shengli, Daqing and other oilfields, we developed the electric submersible pump for oil production according to the technology and equipment of the factory, and the finished product was available in the early 1980s. Submersible pumps are also produced in cooperation with many factories. The motors of Huxi Electric Machinery Factory and the steel pipes of Chengdu Seamless Steel Pipe Factory are assembled by Shuangxi Factory. The factory has also tried the China typewriter, and it is said that the project will not be launched because it will not make any money. Later, truck cranes and hydraulic supports for coal mines were also produced. However, due to the fact that the system does not allow autocracy to be used in civil production, a large number of products cannot be produced on a large scale, and the geographical location of the factory leads to extremely high production costs, which reduces the profit rate of products, and the operating conditions of the factory deteriorate, with heavy debt burden, serious shortage of liquidity and difficulties in production and operation. In this case, brain drain is inevitable.

1984 The former Chongqing Shuangxi Machinery Factory, Sichuan Qingyan Machinery Factory, Hongquan Instrument Factory, Chongqing Yuzhou Gear Factory, Chongqing Qingjiang Machinery Factory, Chongqing Pingshan Machinery Factory, Sichuan Hongshan Machinery Factory, Chongqing Steel Casting Factory and Chongqing Qingjiang Machinery Factory were included in the national third-line adjustment plan during the Seventh Five-Year Plan and the Eighth Five-Year Plan respectively. It is planned to relocate the above-mentioned third-line arsenal from remote mountainous areas to Yudong Town, Banan District, Chongqing suburb.

1990 laying the foundation stone for the new factory. The factory entered a difficult period of capital construction, relocation and production.