Classification of Qinan Agarwood
1 Crassna species (Houqinan)
2 Bai Qinan
The smallest number. I have only heard about it from people but never seen it with my own eyes. It is said that its taste is very good. In particular, the texture is very soft, and the smell is amazing and long-lasting. When you put it in your mouth, it makes your tongue numb but does not make you feel uncomfortable. The price is extremely high. White chess may refer to raw green chess, that is, raw wood chess that contains the oil of green chess. 3 Yingge green ripe knots (commonly known as green chess), the color is like warbler feathers, this type is the most rare, cut open chess The cut surface is dark green, with more green and less yellow. Its layers are like the feathers of an oriole with shining green light. It is very fragrant. If you use an incense burner to appreciate its smell, it should be the highest level of enjoyment in the sense of smell
4 Mature orchid knots (commonly known as purple chess or honey chess) are green and black in color, with a sweet fragrance and sticky teeth. The layers are like petals, and the inner layer is like a ball in the center of a flower. It is really beautiful, generally People call it Hua Qinan. The texture is soft, and when you try it your tongue will feel numb and stick to your teeth. When burned, it tastes mellow and has a long-lasting fragrance. 5. The golden knot (commonly known as yellow chess) is slightly yellow in color, and should be green chess that is relatively young and lacks sufficient oil. The cut surface of the oil is more yellow and less green. Although the fragrance is good, it is not long-lasting. The color is slightly green and black with yellow, and the taste is fragrant and the texture is not good. It is soft and numb when you try it, but the quality cannot be compared with Qingqinan. It may be submerged or not.
6 Sugar knots
Yellow ones are also The cut surface of its oil is yellowish brown, which may be the shallower purple chess (so it is commonly known as red chess). The aroma is mainly sweet. Sometimes you can find softer chinnan with a cool taste in the best Fusen red clay chinese. It should be candy. The color is reddish brown. 7 Iron knots (commonly known as black chess pieces) are black in color and slightly hard, and are all greasy. The oil is hard, the taste is mostly cool, and the fragrance is not long-lasting, but black chess pieces can still be found in living agarwood. , is the cheapest among the Qinan grades, so it is often used by Chinese medicine practitioners.
No matter what color of Qinan, as long as it is soft, has a good fragrance, has more oil, less water, and less impurities, it is Qi Nan. There are also the best ones that are soft, have a high oil ratio and have the best fragrance. Qinan will not sink in water. It should be half-sinking and half-floating. Remember that the oil in Qinan is soft, which is different from the hard oil that sinks in water. It is definitely cheap but not good. Good Qinan is definitely worth the price. Precious gold,
Agarwood tree is a peculiar wind tree that can automatically repair certain trees after being damaged. There are many types of agarwood. Different methods of producing incense, different origins and different soil quality will produce different agarwood. Among them are: water sinking, soil sinking, falling off, falling off ant drains, ant drains (insect drains) falling down, etc. . . But the highest level among agarwood is Qinan. Qinan Agarwood is often called the diamond in agarwood.
Qinan Agarwood has a variety of scents, which are leisurely, elegant, and long-lasting. Modern science has not been able to imitate its fragrance. It is a top-quality spice for health care, has high medicinal value and is widely used.
"Qi Nan" is the top grade of agarwood. It is said that if there are holes in agarwood, ants will be attracted to live in it, and the trees will absorb the honey and form incense blocks. A Taiwanese expert once described its unique characteristics: "Qinan is found from agarwood. It is possible that agarwood is left behind after death, or part of the agarwood is collected from the whole piece of agarwood. The texture of agarwood is hard and strange. The quality of nan is soft. The oil secreted by the best nan can be easily scraped or scratched with your fingernails. When you cut into thin slices of good nan, you can feel the pungent aroma. If it sticks to your teeth when chewed, it is considered to be top quality. The scraps can be twisted into pills and are of the highest quality."
Some people misunderstand the meaning of the word and mistakenly believe that "Qinan" is an incense stick made from nanmu. In fact, "Qinan" is a transliteration of Sanskrit, which means temple. It is also translated as "Jialuo", which is synonymous with "Jialan" in "Luoyang Jialan Ji". It is probably named because this top-grade agarwood is a noble offering to the temple.
"Natural History"
It is a strange book.
The book contains classified records of strange objects and anecdotes from strange places.
And fairy prescriptions
shu, etc., among which the records of incense affairs are of great interest.
The agarwood tree is extremely efficient after long-term evolution of ground rain. The root system develops downward to fully obtain nutrients. It is a weak positive tree species with deep roots and low fertilizer characteristics. Agarwood trees generally grow below an altitude of 1,050 meters. Traces of agarwood trees were found in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, at an altitude of 1,450 meters. Compare its distribution areas: Agarwood tree species evolve and grow near the northern loop line where there is high temperature and rain. The following is a climate description of the growth distribution area of agarwood wood in the Thymelaceaceae family:
size= 0]1. [size= 0]The annual average temperature is 19 to 25 degrees Celsius
2 . The average temperature in January is 13 degrees Celsius
3. The average temperature in July is above 30 degrees Celsius
4. The annual rainfall is 1600 to 2400 mm
5 . Relative humidity 80﹪ to 90﹪
Agarwood trees prefer red soil or mountain yellow soil with thick, warm, humid and loose soil. The fallen leaf compost recycled in Taiwan is a necessary and effective fertilizer during the growth period of agarwood. The weak yang of agarwood is often mixed with Taiwanese green hills, olives, and yellow tung trees. Since weakly positive tree species are resistant to the shade of other trees when they are young, their growth has gradually increased since the eleventh year, and the average annual growth height can reach 90 cm. It blooms from March to April every year, and the flowers are fragrant and elegant, and the fruits mature from August to September. The seeds have a short lifespan and should be sown as soon as they are harvested. After the buds emerge, the seedlings can be transplanted when they are more than 30 cm tall. AQUILARIA SPP evergreen tree, up to 30 meters tall. Young branches are covered with silky hairs, leaves are fresh, slightly leathery, oval and needle-shaped, needle-shaped or inverted needle-shaped, 5.5 to 9 cm long, apex acuminate, all green, seeds brown-black, oval, The base has a tail-like appendage that is about twice as long as the seed. The flowering period is from March to April, the fruit period is from May to June, and it matures and falls from August to September. At present, it is successfully cultivated in our country.
Aquilaria spp belongs to the genus Aquilaria of the Thymelaceaceae family. All agarwood products can come from *** 8 species, which are only distributed in Southeast Asia.
Agallocha Indian agarwood
Canadensis American agarwood
Malaccensis Malay agarwood, controlled under the Washington Convention Appendix
Vulgaris wild agarwood
Crassna thick agarwood, generally called Qinnan agarwood, has many animals and plants, with obviously different horizontal and vertical lines, and long-term sedimentation.
Moskowskii agarwood
Sinensis agarwood
Kajugaru has yet to be confirmed.
Identification
Usually, Qinan is formed from the proliferating plants and animals in the hollow of agarwood or the agarwood deposited in the soil for a long time. The highest grade of agarwood is Qinan. , and agarwood is the highest grade incense material. Therefore, Qinan's status in spices is equivalent to diamonds among plants. Because agarwood has high medicinal value and can be used to make high-end perfumes and health-care incense, it has been one of people's hobbies since ancient times.
Therefore, there are more and more fake agarwood products. So today, when there are so many fake agarwood products, how should we identify the authenticity of Qinan agarwood when buying agarwood? This point It is very important for us consumers, especially those who plan to collect Qinan agarwood, so we need to know more about it. To this end, Professor Liu Liangyou sorted out the literature, visited many fragrant wood and spice-producing countries and cultural relics sites, and personally held incense banquet ceremonies and scenes, striving to find the roots of China's long-standing incense culture. He has devoted himself to the study of fragrance culture for more than 20 years. He is a master of fragrance and is known as the first person to revive fragrance in modern China. He was invited by the Shanghai Museum to do special research work to excavate and sort out China's incense culture. His incense studies include "Lingtai Agarwood", "How to Appreciate Incense", "Incense Society Dictionary" and numerous historical records, as well as teaching materials from the Agarwood Museum's collections, etc. wait.
Qinan Agarwood’s identification experience is summarized as follows:
First, from various records and numerous teaching materials, it is said that agarwood generally has no fragrance at room temperature, and even if it does have fragrance, it sometimes does not. It's something you can't smell even if you don't want to. Generally speaking, only artificial incense and agarwood that are more than 50 years old can directly smell the fragrance. A good agarwood will emit a faint fragrance as long as it is quickly heated up with two hands. If you put it on the dish for half an hour, your hands will emit bursts of fragrance all day long. Even if you wash your hands, there will still be bursts. fragrance. Agarwood will change its weight in different ways with the influence of climate, while Qinan will also become harder and softer with changes in climate.
Second, there has always been a saying that if you put agarwood in a bag filled with water and seal it, the fragrance will come out. This idea has been tried, but it is not realistic. Instead, put agarwood in a bag. When you take it out of the water, agarwood will emit a faint fragrance. Natural agarwood will definitely have two or more different colors and structures. Qinan will feel very gentle when touched by hand. The oil is not particularly obvious to the naked eye. Most of them will have some irregular horizontal lines and S-shaped oil lines.
Third, the natural agarwood fragrance is elegant, sweet and long-lasting. It does not have the taste of medicinal materials. Generally, the fragrance with the taste of medicinal materials is mostly agarwood used as medicine. That kind of fragrance is generally not used for health-care incense, and it doesn't do much good for the body. The top quality of fragrances has always been light and elegant fragrances. The fragrance of Qinan is rich in variety and has several different fragrances. You will feel very comfortable and natural when tasting it. Most of the shapes of Qinan Agarwood are very strange, and many people will misunderstand and miss them in these places. This is the most critical thing to identify Qinan Agarwood. According to records and other textbooks, compared with various types of agarwood, most agarwood is produced by animals and plants such as eagles, rats, snakes, etc., which have been deposited by factors such as long-term aging and oil coating. It is said that generally It is difficult for Qinan to be used as hand beads. The characteristics of Qinan agarwood are mentioned below. Strange agarwood, its quality is truly extraordinary. It is as strong as gold, as smooth as jade, as hard as crane bones, and as handsome as pine knots. Its ointment fills the inside, and it weighs a full pound in one hand. In contrast, the agarwood in Champa (now Vietnam) had to be used to burn fires or smoke to repel mosquitoes. Ah, this Agarwood Mountain is like a small mountain. It is so tall and steep that it is comforting. It is like a miniature Taihua Mountain with the aura of leaning against the sky, and like the elegant peaks of Xiaogu Mountain standing upright.
Application
Many medical classics record agarwood in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2000 edition): Agarwood is pungent, bitter, and slightly warm. Returns to the spleen, stomach and kidney meridians. Promotes qi and relieves pain, warms the qi and relieves vomiting, relieves qi and relieves asthma. It is used for chest and abdominal distension and pain, stomach cold, vomiting and hiccups, kidney deficiency, qi inversion and asthma.
"Compendium of Materia Medica": Chewing sweet foods will calm the qi, while chewing spicy foods will cause heat. Cure upper-heat and lower-lower cold, reverse qi and shortness of breath, large intestine deficiency and obstruction, stranguria with gas in urine, and cold semen in men.
"Bielu of Famous Doctors": scented with the fragrance of rhubarb, chicken tongue, patchouli, sugar cane, liquidambar and slightly warm. It is used to treat Feng Shui poisonous swelling and remove bad odor. Xun Lu and Zhan Tang went to lay down the corpse. Chicken tongue and rugosa are used to treat cholera and heartache. Liquidambar cures wind, rash and itching.
"Compendium of Materia Medica": Chong, Xuan, regulate qi and nourish yang. Hard and warm in nature. All the trees are floating, but the agarwood alone is sinking. Therefore, it can lower Qi and cause phlegm and saliva. When you are angry, your Qi will rise; when you are calm, your Qi will drop. It can go down and it can go up. The aroma of qi enters the spleen, so it can regulate all qi and regulate it. Dongyuan said: From the top of the world to the spring, it is most suitable to use it as an envoy. Its color is black and the body is yang, so it enters the life gate of the right kidney. It warms the essence and helps the yang, moves the qi without damaging the qi, and warms the middle without helping the fire. It can be used to treat pain in the intimate area, mouth shut due to poisonous dysentery, evil symptoms, cold wind paralysis, gas dysentery and gas stranguria.
"Sea Medicine Materia Medica": bitter, warm, non-toxic. It is mainly used for heart and abdominal pain, cholera, evil spirits and ghosts, and for purifying people and spirits. It should be boiled with wine and taken. For sores and swelling, it is advisable to use the ointment.
"Rihuazi Materia Medica": pungent, hot, non-toxic. Regulates the central nervous system, replenishes the five Tibetans, replenishes essence, aphrodisiacs, warms the waist and knees, removes evil qi, stops sprains, vomiting and diarrhea of cold air, breaks syndromes, paralysis due to cold wind, indolence of joints, itchy skin due to dampness and wind, pain in the heart and stomach, and dysentery.
"Compendium of Materia Medica": "The Classic" stops talking about the treatment of Feng Shui poisonous swelling and the removal of bad qi, but there is no treatment for the rest. Today, doctors use it to maintain harmony and protect Qi. It is a top-grade medicine, and it must be extremely fine.
Nowadays, people often mix it with Wu Yao, which can dissipate and stagnate Qi. If it is used alone, it will be weak. It should be combined with other medicines to take effect slowly, and it will be beneficial without any harm.
"Properties of Medicine": The taste is pungent, the qi is slightly warm, and it is Yang, which can rise or fall. Its nature is warm, so it can suppress yin and help yang, and support the fire phase; its qi is pungent, so it can penetrate the sky and the earth, and reach all qi. It can cure cholera, mute mouth and diarrhea, regulate vomiting, gastric upset, dyspnea, relieve distension and pain in the heart and abdomen, break the mass, treat cold phlegm, harmonize the spleen and stomach, expel ghosts, malaria and bad odor, rheumatic joint paralysis, itchy skin and gas. .
"Decoction and Materia Medica": Qi is slightly warm and is yang.
"Compendium of Materia Medica": treats Feng Shui poisonous swelling, removes bad odors, regulates the middle and strengthens Yang, warms the waist and knees, resolves syndromes, numbness due to cold wind, indolence of joints, itchy skin due to damp wind, abdominal pain, and dysentery. Stops vomiting and diarrhea due to tendon transfer. Dongyuan said: It can nourish all kinds of qi, reaching up to the sky and down to the spring. It is most suitable for use.
"New Compilation of Materia Medica": Agarwood has pungent taste, slightly warm qi, is yang, and is non-toxic. Enter the gate of life. It replenishes fire, suppresses yin and supports yang, nourishes all qi, connects the heaven and earth, cures vomiting and diarrhea, leads the fire of dragon and thunder to hide in the kidney palace, calms the vomiting and rebellious qi, and goes up to the heart. It is a wonderful product for the connection between heart and kidney. It is warm but not hot, and can be often used to replenish yang. Agarwood warms the kidneys and stimulates the heart. For those who use Coptis chinensis and cinnamon to treat the heart and kidneys, it is more convenient to use agarwood, as one medicine can be used for two purposes. But to use it to communicate with the heart and kidneys, it is best to use a small amount of money. There is no need to grind it with water, cut it into powder, mix it into heart and kidney tonic, and take it together.
"Jane": Replenishes the right gate of life.
"Compendium of Materia Medica": Jie Guyun: Pungent heat pure yang, nourishing the life gate of the right kidney.
"Compendium of Materia Medica": Agarwood is endowed with yang energy to produce, and it also absorbs the essence of rain and dew to form a knot, so its energy is fragrant and its taste is pungent but non-toxic. The qi is thick and the taste is thin, it can rise or fall, it is Yang. It enters Yangming, Taiyin and Shaoyin of the foot, and also enters the Shaoyin and Jueyin meridians of the foot. "Ben Jing" treats Feng Shui poisonous edema, that is, wind poison edema. Wind is a yang evil and stagnates in the meridians. When it is fanned by fire, it will emit various poisons. Agarwood can absorb the essence of rain and dew, so it can relieve the poison of wind and fire. For those with edema, the spleen hates dampness and prefers dryness. If spicy fragrance enters the spleen and dries away dampness, the edema will disappear on its own. All evil qi will enter through the mouth and nose. The mouth and nose are the orifices of Yangming. If Yangming is deficient, bad qi will easily enter. With fragrant and clear Yangqi, the bad qi will be eliminated and the spleen and stomach will be at peace. Mistake: Agarwood is an important medicine for treating cold air, adverse qi, qi stagnation, and qi knots. However, it should be avoided if the Qi is weak and the Qi does not return to its original state. If there is any real evil in the Heart Sutra, avoid it. If the true fire of the non-mingmen is weak, it should not be used as medicine in the lower burner.
"Materia Medica Mengquan": pungent taste and slightly warm air. Yang Ye. Poison. It is solid and sinks into water, and its burning is extremely clear and intense, hence the name agarwood. Mo Yin: "Yan Yi" says: Agarwood protects and protects qi and is a top-grade medicine. Nowadays, many people take it with Dao medicine, which can disperse and stagnate the qi. If it is used alone, it will be weak. When combined with other medicines, it will take effect slowly and it will be beneficial without any harm. The remaining medicine is useless.
"Compendium of Materia Medica": Shen, quality, fragrant, smelly, covered with soil to make crops, and crops are used to make sweet millet. The millet is sweet and fragrant, so the fragrance comes from sweet millet and should enter the spleen. The spleen tastes sweet, the spleen smells fragrant, and the spleen is glutinous rice. If the soil loses the yellowish middle part, if you use it for general reason, it can be taken away by saltiness. Since the yang of the spleen soil is divided into medicines, this is how to treat the prescription. The names of the certificates listed above do not need to be explained, but they are obvious. It mainly clears the throat and benefits the heart, that is, the son makes the mother strong. If the upper part is real and the lower part is weak, the lower part is cold and the upper part is hot, it is as the name suggests. If the joints are not in control, there will be stranguria and intestinal blockage, which is also a specific disorder, and the first step is to add a Zhuanyu ear. Shen uses force to move, move to stop, and Qi uses force to move and stop as the body. There is a function in the body, and the function is specific. The yin and yang of the female and the male are in sequence, and they can be understood tacitly.
"Medical Properties": Agarwood has a bitter taste, is warm in nature, non-toxic, and enters the kidney and vitality meridians. It mainly dispels bad qi, cures cholera, nourishes the five internal organs, replenishes essence and qi, and strengthens yang. In addition to air-conditioning, broken syndrome, itchy skin and rough skin.
Note: Agarwood is yang and has a heavy nature. It works mostly in the lower part, where life and kidneys enter. However, if the fragrance is too dry, it will hurt the blood. It is suitable for those with a weak and cold heart. If the water organ is weak and the fire is inflamed, if it is misused, the water will dry up and the fire will become stronger, which will cause endless disasters. Nowadays, many people think of it as a calming agent that does no harm to people, and they often use it to transform Qi. It is rare that it does not harm people.
"Ben Jing Feng Yuan": It is warm in nature, has the pure Yang nature of the south, specializes in transforming qi, and is suitable for those who have stagnated qi that cannot be extended. It is warm but not dry, moves but does not leak, supports the spleen and reaches the kidneys, absorbs fire and returns it to the source. It is an important medicine for patients with constipation of the large intestine, gas and stranguria in urine, and phlegm, saliva and blood coming out of the spleen. For those who suffer from heart and stomach pain, cholera attack, dyspnea and shortness of breath, it is advisable to drink it with wine and grind it. To replenish the third burner of Mingmen, if men have cold essence, they should take pills.
The direct effect of incense on the human body is to maintain the "Yangming Meridian", so that the "Yangming Meridian" can reach a healthy state, always retain the ability to resist "external evils", and achieve the purpose of preventing external diseases from invading . Therefore, the ancients regarded incense as a good medicine for health care, and they should never leave it. There are many recorded examples in history of using fragrant medicine to prevent infectious diseases such as influenza and plague.