There is a reward for publishing an article on Confucius' benevolence in foreign languages, preferably with a Chinese translation. . . .

Confucius Confucius (September 28th, 55 BC1year-April 28th, 479 BC +0 1 year) was born in Shandong (now Nanxin Town, Qufu City, Shandong Province) and his ancestral home was Song (now Shangqiu, Henan Province). China was a thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Confucius is a masterpiece of China's ancient culture, and he was praised as a "heavenly saint" and a "heavenly eye" when he was alive. He was one of the most learned scholars in the society at that time, and was honored by later rulers as Confucius' sage, holy, holy teacher and eternal teacher. Confucius and Confucianism have a profound influence on China, Korean Peninsula, Japanese and Vietnamese areas, which are also called Confucian cultural circles.

Chinese name: Kong Qiu.

Mbth: Confucius

Alias: Confucius, Zhong Ni

Nationality: China.

Nationality: Han nationality (Huaxia)

Birthplace: Lu (now Nanxin Town, Qufu City)

Date of birth: September 28th, 5565438 BC +0.

Date of death: April 479 BC 1 1.

Occupation: teacher, thinker, educator

Faith: Confucianism, Yao Shunyu, Tang Laozi and Zhuangzi, Zhou Wenwang, Duke of Zhou, Zhao Gong.

Main achievements: Founding the Confucian School.

Compiling the Spring and Autumn Annals and Revising the Five Classics

Establish private schools and break the traditional aristocratic education.

Representative works: Spring and Autumn Annals and Ten Wings

Main fields: politics, ethics, society, philosophy, etc.

Father: Shu

Mother: Yan Zhizi.

Wife: Guan Qi's family.

Ancestral home: Song State (now Shangqiu, Henan)

Ten philosophers of Confucius

Virtue? Yan Hui? Min Zikai? Hey? Ran Yong

Politics? You Ran? moderate snow

Words? Slaughter? Duanmu ci

Literature? Yan Yan? Shang Bu

Personal story Confucius' surname is Kong, Zi and Zi, ranking second in the family. China, an ancient writer, thinker, educator, politician, social activist, ancient literature collator and editor of Confucian school, was praised as the founder of Confucian school by later generations and ranked first among the "Top Ten Cultural Celebrities in the World" assessed by UNESCO. According to legend, he edited poetry books, ordered rites and music, prefaced Zhouyi and wrote Chunqiu. He has been engaged in preaching, teaching and dispelling doubts all his life, and is honored by the people of China as "the most holy teacher and an eternal model". Confucius' disciples and his re-disciples recorded Confucius' words, deeds and thoughts.

The portrait of Confucius (39) was made into The Analects. In the view of heaven, Confucius did not deny the existence of ghosts and gods, but he was skeptical about ghosts and gods and advocated "staying away from ghosts and gods". Confucius and Mencius are also called "Confucius and Mencius", and their thoughts are also called the Tao of Confucius and Mencius. Confucius was honored as the "most holy" and "king of vegetarianism", Ceng Zi was a saint and Mencius was a "second saint". His words and deeds were written into The Analects by his students. He is also the most famous cultural celebrity in the world and the founder of Confucianism. Confucius is proficient in Zhouyi and is said to be the author of Ten Wings. Confucius was the first person who broke through the religious attitude towards natural landscape in ancient China. I love nature more. Nature includes disasters, earthquakes, tornadoes, dinosaur extinction, etc. And the natural landscape is always good feng shui. He put forward the famous aesthetic proposition "Wise people enjoy water, benevolent people enjoy Leshan" (The Analects of Confucius, Eternal Night). According to historical records, Confucius' ancestors were descendants of Yin Shang (Huaxia), so they were named Confucius. After the demise of Shang Dynasty in Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Wuwang named Cabbage, Shang Zhouwang's ordinary brother and loyal minister of Shang Dynasty, as a famous minister in Song Dynasty (Xiayi).

Confucius lectures (Figure 8) are now buried in Weishan Lake, Weishan County, Shandong Province. After Wei died, his younger brother Wei Zhong succeeded to the throne. Wei Zhong was the ancestor of Confucius. Confucius

From the sixth ancestor of Confucius, his father Jia, later generations began to take Confucius as their surname. Because of his poor family, he was forced to flee to Shandong because he was unable to repay his debts. There is also a saying that his great-grandfather Kong fled from Song to Lu in order to escape the civil strife in Song. Confucius' father Shu (word, name Ge) is a famous military commander in Lu. Shu first married Shi and gave birth to nine daughters, but no son. My concubine gave birth to a son named Meng Pi (the eldest son is Bo and the eldest son is Meng), but he has foot disease. Under the circumstances at that time, neither a woman nor a disabled son should inherit. Later, Shu married the third daughter of Yan State and gave birth to Confucius. Because he prayed in the mud mound before his death, he was named Qiu, ranking second, so the word was (according to the Interpretation of Confucius' Family Language and His Real Name, Shu had nine daughters and no children. His concubine gave birth to Meng Pi, whose name was Meng Pi Bernie, and she was ill. So he proposed to Yan. The Yan family has three daughters, and the youngest son is Zheng. ..... private prayer mud hill, gave birth to Confucius, hence the name "Qiu Zi Zhong Ni". When Confucius was three, Shu died of illness. After that, Confucius' family was quite poor. Because of the troubled times, the benevolent policy advocated by Confucius has no room for display, but during the three months of governing Lu, the powerful State of Qi was also afraid of Confucius' talents, which shows that Confucius was powerful.

Be worthy of the title of outstanding politician. Political dissatisfaction made Confucius devote a large part of his energy to education. Confucius once worked as a scout in Lu, then traveled around the world with his disciples and finally returned to Lu to concentrate on teaching. Confucius broke the monopoly of education and started a private school, with as many as 3000 disciples, including 72 sages and 72 famous sages. Many of these 72 people are the pillars of senior officials in various countries, which have continued the glory for Confucianism. Confucius and Natural Landscape Confucius was the first person who broke through the religious attitude towards natural landscape in ancient China. I love nature, especially the natural landscape. The Analects of Confucius is forever: the benevolent Leshan, the wise enjoy water. Confucius' personal achievements have a far-reaching impact on later generations. Although he "narrated but didn't do it", he was already called "Heaven Sage", "Heaven Muduo" and "Eternal Sage" when he was alive, and he was one of the most learned scholars in the society at that time. Later generations honored him as "the most holy" (the sage among saints) and "the teacher of all ages", and thought that he wrote the preface to poetry, book, ceremony and music.

Yijing (also known as Yijing or Yijing Ten Wings) was written by Chunqiu. The Analects of Confucius is one of the classic works of Confucian school, which was compiled by Confucius' disciples and their descendants. It mainly records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, and embodies Confucius' political opinions, ethical thoughts, moral concepts and educational principles. The Analects of Confucius, University, The Doctrine of the Mean and Mencius are also called the Four Books. There are twenty popular Analects of Confucius. The language of The Analects is concise and profound, and many of its remarks are still regarded as wisdom by the world. Moreover, in ancient times, Confucius was the first person that children worshipped when they entered school. Emerson, an American poet and philosopher, thinks Confucius is the glory of all nations in the world. He has many disciples, such as Zigong, Luz and Yan Hui. Mencius, revered by later generations as "the sage of Asia", was a disciple of his grandson Kong Ji (Zisi). The most famous is Guan Ju. Confucius' Journey to the West has been included in the 12 primary school Chinese book published by People's Education Publishing House.

Edit the recent development of this paragraph.

Some experts pointed out that under the current complicated cultural background, Confucianism, represented by Confucius, will go further to the world and be understood and accepted by more and more countries and people in the world, thus bringing mankind into a new era of peace, stability, prosperity and progress. As Mr. Zhang Dainian once said-"The era of blindly criticizing Confucius has passed, the era of blindly respecting Confucius has also passed, and the era of scientifically studying Confucius has arrived." Confucius belongs to China and Confucianism belongs to the world. Confucius is the founder of China's Confucianism. Since the Han Dynasty, Confucianism has been regarded as an orthodox precept by rulers of past dynasties, and even as the standard of Ren Xian's energy use, and its influence has lasted for thousands of years. Zi Lin said: "The deceased is like a husband, not giving up day and night." A Confucius said: "Clever words make color, fresh and righteous!"

Edit this genealogy

Confucius' ancestor is the descendant of Shang Dynasty. After the demise of the Shang Dynasty in the Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Chengwang made Comte, the ordinary brother of Shang Zhouwang and the 77th descendant of Confucius loyal to the Shang Dynasty, a prince.

I started in the Song Dynasty. Its capital is Shangqiu (now Shangqiu, Henan). After Wei died, his younger brother Wei Zhong succeeded to the throne. Wei Zhong was the ancestor of Confucius. The sixth ancestor of Confucius was Kong Fujia, a doctor in the Song Dynasty. He was a fu who was killed in the civil strife in the imperial court. After Confucius, his descendants began to take Confucius as their surname. His great-grandfather, Kong's uncle, fled from Song to Lu to escape the civil strife in Song. From then on, Kong settled in Qiaoyi and became a native of Lu. Confucius' father is Ge (a word, Ge is a name, and his mother is Yan Zhizai). Shu was a famous warrior of Lu at that time. His personality is outstanding, and he has made two military exploits. He is famous for holding the hanging door with one arm to let the troops who rushed into the city retreat. He used to be a doctor at Qiaoyi. Shu married Shi first, gave birth to nine daughters and no children. He married another concubine and gave birth to a son named Bernie, also named Meng Pi. Meng Pi had a problem with his feet, which was not suitable for inheritance according to the etiquette at that time, so he gave birth to Confucius with a young woman, Yan Zhizai. Confucius was born in Changping Township (now southeast of Qufu City, Shandong Province) in 55 1 year BC (the 22nd year of Duke Xiang of Lu). Because my parents prayed for the birth of a child on Niqiu Mountain, they named it Qiuzi. Confucius died when he was three years old, and his mother and son were not accepted by Shi (Shu's wife). Yan Zhizhai, the mother of Confucius, had to move to Qufu Que with Confucius and Meng Pi, and her life was difficult. 17 years old, Confucius' mother Yan zhizai died, and he served three years of mourning. When Confucius 19 years old, he married an official in the Song Dynasty. A year later, the official gave birth to a son. Zhao Gong sent someone to congratulate him. Confucius felt very honored, so he named his son carp, Apollo. In the tenth year of Lu Aigong (485 BC), Mrs. Confucius died. According to Confucius' family stories and historical records, in his youth, Confucius used to be a "Commissioner" (a small official in charge of warehouses) and a "farmer" (a small official in charge of pastures), and everything was almost perfect. Because of Confucius' extraordinary ability and knowledge, he was quickly promoted. By the time Confucius was 51 years old, he was appointed as Zhongduzai (equivalent to the current mayor, in Wenshang County, Jining City), and his political achievements were very remarkable. One year later, he was promoted to Sikong (equivalent to the current Minister of Construction) and later to Dashikou (equivalent to the director of the local public security department and the procurator of the Supreme People's Court); At the age of 56, he was promoted to acting prime minister and concurrently served as foreign minister (Confucius was promoted too quickly to meet the promotion standards of officials at that time, so he was acting prime minister). When Confucius was in power, he immediately killed Shao Zhengmao, a traitor who disturbed political affairs, making him famous for a while. It can be seen that Confucius is not a pedantic pedant as some people think in later generations, but a man who dares to act without being violent. Only three months after Confucius came to power, Shandong's domestic and foreign affairs have been greatly improved, its national strength has been greatly increased, the people live and work in peace and contentment, and the social order is very good (the history book says, "The road is not picked up, and the door is not closed at night"). 12 years, Confucius weakened Sanhuan (,an uncle and his third big noble, because they were the third big noble. Confucius' political ideal could not be realized at that time, but Confucius' greatness lies in "knowing that it is not feasible", and he pinned his political ideal on future generations. Confucius therefore stopped direct political activities after returning to Lu, and continued to sort out cultural classics and revise the Six Classics. On the one hand, he recruited disciples and carried out cultural and educational undertakings on a large scale. According to legend, he taught more than 3,000 disciples, among whom 72 were proficient in Six Arts. In his later years, Yan Hui, the most proud disciple of Confucius, unfortunately died young. His favorite pupil, Lu, died of civil strife in Wei, and his son died young. Under the "Tao can't work" and this series of blows, the author suspects that Confucius' health has been greatly damaged. Confucius died on February 1 1 in 479 BC at the age of 73 (72). Chronology of life 1 year: 55 BC1year (twenty-two years of Lu Xianggong) Confucius was born in Changping Township (now southeast of Qufu City, Shandong Province) on September 28th. There are two kinds of records about Confucius' date of birth, with a difference of one year. Today, according to the historical records of Confucius family. 2 years old: In 550 BC (the 23rd year of Duke Xiang of Lu), Confucius was in Lu. 3 years old: In 549 BC (the 24th year of Duke Xiang of Lu), my father Liang Shu died and was buried in Fangshan (now 25 miles east of Qufu). Confucius' mother, Yan Zhi, moved to Qufu Queli with her son and had a hard time. 4 years old: In 548 BC (the 25th year of Duke Xiang of Lu), Confucius was in Lu. 5 years old: Qin Shangsheng, a disciple of Confucius in 547 BC (the 26th year of Duke Xiang of Lu), was born in Lu. 6-year-old: Ceng Dian, a disciple in 546 BC (the 27th year of Duke Xiang of Lu), was born in Braille and was the father of Zeng Shen. 7 years old: In 545 BC (the 28th year of Duke Xiang of Lu), his disciple Yao Yan was born, also known as Wu Yao, the father of Yan Yuan. 8 years old: In 544 BC (the 29th year of Duke Xiang of Lu), his disciple Ran Gengsheng was born in Lu. 9 years old: In 543 BC (the 30th year of Duke Xiang of Lu), Confucius was in Lu. This year, Zheng came to power, "so that everyone has a chapter, a suit from top to bottom, a seal in the field, and a well in the well." (Thirty Years of Zuo Zhuan's "xianggong") Zheng Guozhi. Later, Confucius spoke highly of Zi Chan's achievements. 10 years old: in 542 BC (thirty-one year of Duke Xiang of Lu), disciple Zhong You was born in Lu and Bian. When Duke Xiang of Lu died, his son Zhou succeeded to the throne for good reasons. 1 1 year: 54 BC1year (the first year of Lu) Confucius was in Lu. 12 years old: Qi Tiaokai, born in Cai in 540 BC (the second year of Lu). 13 years old: in 539 BC (three years in Lu), Confucius was in Lu. 15 years old: In 537 BC (the fifth year of Lu), Confucius became more and more famous. He realized that he had to study hard the skills of being a man and living, so he said, "I am determined to learn five from ten." ("The Analects? 16 years old, in 536 BC (six years of Lu), Zheng Zhu was sentenced to death. Disciple Min Shousheng was born in Lu. 17 years old: Yan Zhizhai, Confucius, died in 535 BC (the seventh year of Lu). This year. Ji's family gave a banquet to entertain the first-class aristocrats. Confucius went to the banquet, but yang hu, the home minister of Ji's family, turned him away. 19 years old: In 533 BC (the ninth year of Lu), Confucius married the daughter of an official in the Song Dynasty. 20 years old: In 532 BC (the tenth year of Lu), an official gave birth to a child. It is said that this time is just the time to give the carp to Confucius, so he named his son carp, the word Bo fish. It was in that year that Confucius began to be a Commissioner and manage the warehouse. 2 1 year: 53 1 year BC (the 11th year of Lu) is the year when Confucius changed his cultivation to Mu Zhi. Confucius said, "I am cheap because I am few, so I can despise." ("The Analects? Zi Han) This "despicable thing" should include "entrusting officials" and "seizing land". At the age of 27, in 525 BC (the seventeenth year of Emperor Lu Zhaodi), the jar faced Lu, and Confucius asked the jar about the ancient official system of the jar. Confucius set up private schools around. 30 years old: In 522 BC (the twentieth year of Lu), it was more than 15 years since he was fifteen years old. Confucius gained a firm foothold in society through hard work, so the cloud "stands at thirty." The Analects of Confucius was written by Yan Ying when he visited Shandong in 1920. Qi Jinggong met with Confucius and discussed with him why Qin Mugong was dominant. Disciples Yan Hui, ran yong, Ran Qiu, Shang Qu, Liang? Healthy. Yuan, Yong Zi Zhong Gong, You and Qu are all Lu people; ? The word uncle fish, qi people. 3 1 year: Disciple, Gao Chai, was born in 52 BC1year (the 21st year of Lu). Zi Zi Shi Zi, Chen Guoren; Chai is tall and Qi is a local. Uneven words are cheap, Lu people. 32-year-old: Duanmu Ci, a disciple in 520 BC (twenty-two years), was born in Zigong, a native of the old country. 34 years old: Meng and Nangong studied under Confucius in 5 18 BC (twenty-four years of Lu). According to legend, Confucius and Uncle Jingnan of Nangong paid tribute to the old employees and asked them to have fun with Changhong. 35 years old: In 5 17 BC (twenty-five years in Lu), civil strife occurred in Lu. "Historical Records of Confucius' Family" says: Zhao Gong was defeated and fled. "Confucius also went to Qi in this year. In 5 16 BC (twenty-six years of Lu), at the age of 36, he asked Confucius about politics, and Confucius said, "Jun Jun, minister, father and son". Confucius was appreciated by Qi Jinggong, and Gong Jing wanted to seal Confucius with the land of Nishi, but Yan Zi stopped him. Confucius was so fascinated by Shao in Qi State that he didn't know the meat flavor in March. 37-year-old: In 5 15 BC (the 27th year of Lu), the doctor of Qi tried to harm Confucius, and Confucius returned to Lu from Qi. The son of Wu Gongzi was hired, and his son died and was buried between Ying and Bo. Confucius went to see his funeral. Disciples Xu Fan and Yuan Xian were born. Words must be late, Lu Guoren; Xian Zisi was born in Song Dynasty. 38-year-old: In 5 14 BC (twenty-eight years of Lu), Xian Zi (Shu Ming) of Jin and Wei reigned, and promoted talents regardless of personal relationship. Confucius thinks that this is a just act, as the saying goes: "The meaning of a close relative is the meaning of a distant gesture. "39-year-old, 5 13 BC (twenty-nine years of Lu) is the winter of execution, Confucius said: death, loss of its degree. "40 years old: 5 12 BC (thirty years in Shandong). After decades of tempering, I have a clear understanding of various problems in life, so I say that I am" forty without confusion ". Disciple Tan Taiming was born. Yu, Lu people. 4 1 year: Disciple Chen Yu was born in 5 1 1 year BC (thirty-first year of Lu). Kang Ziqin, Chen Guoren. Forty-two years old: 5 10 BC (thirty-two years of Lu), died and became a public official. 43 years old: Disciple Gong was born in 509 BC (the first year of Lu). Thanks to China, Lu people. 45 years old: Disciple was born in 507 BC (the third year of Lu). Shang, a patriotic man. 46 years old: Disciple was born in 506 BC (four years in Lu). There are swallows, Wu people. In 505 BC (the fifth year of Lu), he was 47 years old: disciples Zeng Shen and Yan. Son of god, Lu people. Fortunately, it is Lu. 48 years old: In 504 BC (the sixth year of Lu), Yang Hucheng, an official surnamed Ji, became stronger and stronger. Confucius called it "accompanying ministers in national life." ("The Analects? Ji's Historical Records)? Confucius' House says: "Accompany the minister to govern the country. ..... So Confucius retired to his official position and studied poetry, books, rituals and music. There are many disciples, and they come from afar and are not engaged. " Yanghu wants to see Confucius, but Confucius doesn't want to see Yanghu and the latter two meet on the road. Yang hu advised Confucius to be an official, but Confucius did not make a clear statement. It should have been done for five years or six years. 49 years old: In 503 BC (the seventh year of Lu), he was a disciple. Teacher Zhang Zi, Chen Guoren. 50-year-old: In 502 BC (the eighth year of Lu Dynasty), he claimed to know his destiny at fifty. ("The Analects? Yang Huo ")" The mountain is disturbed by fees, and the son wants to go. Lutz didn't say. " 5 1 year: 50 1 year BC (the ninth year of Lu). Confucius served as the governor of Zhongdu and ruled Zhongdu (now Wenshang County) for one year with outstanding achievements. Disciples Ran Lu,,, and Uncle Zhong Huisheng. Lu Ziluzi, Lu Guoren: Ge Xunzi, Cai Guoren: Qian Zizi Analysis, Lu Guoren; High words are arrogant, and Lu people: they must be literate. Lu people. 52-year-old: In 500 BC (the tenth year of Lu), Confucius was promoted to, and later went to the mouth of the Great Temple to take pictures. In summer, Ding Gong and Qi Hou meet in Oracle bones. Confucius was very alert and prepared to invite Lu Jun to Jiagu in advance, so he not only foiled the plot of hijacking by Qi, but also forced Qi to promise to return the land of Lu 'an, Shaanxi and Shaanxi that invaded Lu. 53 years old: In 499 BC (11th year of Lu), Confucius was Lu Sikou and Lu Zhiguo. 54-year-old: In 498 BC (the twelfth year of Lu), Confucius was sealed as a boy's mouth. In order to weaken the Third Ring Road, measures were taken to capture the three capitals. The purpose of my uncle and supporting Confucius was to weaken the influence of my family, but this action was resisted by my family, and I secretly supported my family. The action of falling into Sandu fell by the wayside. Disciple Gongsun Longsheng. When the dragon word was written, it came from Chu. 55 years old: In the spring of 497 BC (13th year of Lu), Qi sent 80 beautiful women to Lu. Ji accepted female music, and the monarch and his subjects were addicted to singing and dancing, and ignored state affairs for many days. Confucius was at odds with Ji's family. Confucius left Shandong to defend the country. In October, Confucius was injured by slanders and left Weiguo for Chen. Passing through Kuang, surrounded. Later, when Confucius and his disciples were besieged, his uncle rebelled against Wei. Then I went back to Dewey. In 496 BC (the fourteenth year of Lu), Confucius was 56 years old and was summoned by his wife Nanzi. Lutz criticized Confucius for reading Nanzi. After hearing this news, Confucius was very sad and praised Zi Chan as "the legacy of ancient times". 57 years old: In 495 BC (the fifteenth year of Lu), Confucius went to Julu. In the summer of May, Lu died and was made public. 58-year-old: In 494 BC (A.D.), Confucius lived in Lu, and the envoy of the State of Wu hired Lu to ask Confucius about the "special car for festivals". 59 years old: In 493 BC (two years), Confucius went from Shandong to Wei. Asked Chen (array) about Confucius, he was politely refused. Confucius couldn't live in Weixi in Weiguo. Go to Guo Song via Cao Guo. Song Sima Huanxun hated Confucius and threatened to kill him. Confucius walked incognito. 60 years old: In 492 BC (the third year of Lu Aigong), Confucius claimed to be "sixty and obedient". Confucius crossed the State of Zheng and went to the State of Chen. He was separated from his disciples in the capital of Zheng and waited for his disciples to come to him alone at the East Gate. He was ridiculed as "a very rich dog." Confucius smiled happily and said, "Yes, yes!" 6 1 year: Confucius left Chen Toucai in 49 1 year BC (four years). 62 years old: In 490 BC (five years), Confucius went from Cai to Ye. Ye Gong asked Confucius about politics and discussed the moral issues of integrity with Confucius. On his way back to Cai, Confucius met a hermit 63-year-old: In 489 BC (six years), Confucius and his disciples were trapped between Chen and Cai. Many disciples fell ill because of hunger and were rescued by the Chu people. I met a hermit on my way back to Wei from Chu. 64 years old: In 488 BC (seven years), Confucius was in Wei. Advocating to clear one's name before defending the country. 65 years old: In 487 BC (eight years), Confucius was in Wei. That was the year when Wu Wolu was defeated. Confucius' disciples contributed to the war. 66 years old: In 486 BC (nine years), Confucius was in Wei. 67 years old: In 485 BC (ten years), Confucius was in Wei. Mrs. Confucius died as an official. 68-year-old: In 484 BC (eleven years), Qi defeated Lu, and Confucius disciple Ran Youshuai defeated Qi. Ji Kangzi asked Ran where his command talent came from. You Ran replied, "Learning is to Confucius". Ji Kangzi sent someone to bring money to welcome Confucius back to Shandong. Confucius traveled around the world 14 years, which is the end. Ji Kangzi wanted to be a "land tax", but Confucius opposed it. Confucius said to You Ran, "A gentleman's trip is also a ceremony. Take what is thick, what is thick, and what is thin. If so, the hill will be enough. " 69 years old: In 483 BC (the twelfth year of Lu Aigong), Confucius was still interested in politics, but he was not used. Confucius continued to engage in education and literature work. Kong Li, the son of Confucius, died. 70 years old: In 482 BC (13th year of Lu Aigong), Confucius said, "At the age of 70, you can do whatever you want without overstepping the bounds." . Yan Hui died, and Confucius was very sad. 7 1 year: 48 1 year BC (14th year of Lu Aigong) was the spring of 2008, and hunting was rewarded. Confucius thought this was not a good sign and said, "I am poor." So I stopped writing Spring and Autumn Annals. In June, Qi killed Qi Huangong, and Confucius met with the Third Ring Road and asked Lu to send troops to attack, but he was not supported. 72-year-old: In 480 BC (the 15th year of Lu Aigong), Confucius heard that there was a coup in Weiguo, and he had a premonition that Lutz's life was in danger. Luz was killed. Confucius was very sad. 73 years old: In April 479 BC (16th year of Lu Aigong), Confucius fell ill and died. Buried in Lucheng North. Lu Aigong said, "If heaven doesn't hang up, I won't leave an old man, leaving me alone in the throne, and the rest feel sorry. Alas! Father! No self-discipline. " Many disciples kept the tomb for three years, and Zigong kept the tomb for six years. Hundreds of disciples and Lu people came home from the ancient tomb and named them. Confucius' former residence was changed into a temple, and Confucius was worshipped by people. Unofficial history recorded that Zeng, Gong Xihua sat down. Webber came in and danced with Webber. All men and women are blind! A son who knows propriety and music is once a gentleman. Mo couldn't hold back and said, "Why can't you stop?" Weber said, "If you go in through the window, I can stop there!" " The child did it, Webber touched it, and the child died. Confucius, a disciple of Gaozu, and his disciples

There are as many as 3,000 disciples in Kong Qiu, including 72 sages, many of whom are the pillars of senior officials in various countries. The most important ones are: Yan Hui, a native of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, from 52 1 to 48 1. Zi Yueyuan, also known as Yan Yuan, is Confucius' favorite disciple. "Eternal Night" said that he "eats and drinks once, and when he is in a mean alley, people can't bear his worries, and he won't change his pleasure when he returns". Modest and studious, "not angry, not jealous." He respects his teacher very much and is always dissatisfied with Confucius. Yan Yuan is famous for his virtue, and Confucius praised him for "returning with virtue" and "returning without violating benevolence in March" (Ode to Leaves). Unfortunately, he died young. Since the Han Dynasty, Yan Hui has been ranked as the first of 72 sages, and sometimes only Yan Hui enjoys it when offering sacrifices to Confucius. Since then, posthumous title has been added to the rulers of all dynasties: Emperor Taizong honored him as a "master", Emperor Xuanzong honored him as "Duke Yan", Song Zhenzong as "Duke Yan" and Yuan Wenzong as "Duke Yan Fu". In the ninth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, it was renamed "Restoration of Saints". There is also a "Fuxing Temple" in Qufu, Shandong. Zhong You was born in Bianqiao Village, Quanlin Town, surabaya county City, Shandong Province from 542 to 480. He was Shi's butcher and later the doctor's butcher. In 480 AD, his mother made his younger brother Kuaiqin the monarch, threatened Wei to dismiss him, and fled after hearing the news. When Lutz heard the news outside, he went to town to see Quine. The crown tassel shot by Kuai Ming's troops has its eyes torn out. He severely reprimanded, "The death of a gentleman is inevitable." Fasten the hat and tassel resolutely, and die calmly. Duanmu Ci was born in 520 ~ 456, whose real name was Duanmu and Mingci, and he was a native of Weiguo (now Xunxian County, Henan Province). He used to be the spokesman of Lu and Wei, the most successful of the 72 sages of Confucius, and a leader in the field of speech. Zi Gong was a great diplomat and businessman in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was praised as "the originator of Confucian businessmen" by later generations. Confucius once called it "the instrument of Hu Lian". He is eloquent, eloquent, practical and knowledgeable. He is also good at doing business. He once did business between Cao and Lu, which made him rich. Become the richest man among Confucius disciples. Sima Qian's Biography of Zhong Ni's Disciples, written in Historical Records, used the most pen and ink on Zi Gong, and his biography was the longest among Confucius' disciples. This phenomenon shows that in Sima Qian's eyes, Zi Gong is a very unusual figure. We follow this idea of Sima Qian, and then carefully read the Analects of Confucius and other books, we can see that Zi Gong is an unusual figure. His great influence and role are beyond the reach of Confucius' disciples: excellent academic performance, rich cultural accomplishment, outstanding political and diplomatic ability and superb financial management ability. Yan Yan, a native of Changshu, was the only disciple of Confucius who spread to the south in the Spring and Autumn Period. At the age of 22, he left his hometown and went north to learn from Confucius. He is modest, studious and good at literature. Lu, who used to be the butcher of Wucheng, educated the people with rites and music. There are string songs everywhere in the territory, which won the appreciation of Confucius. I returned to the south after my studies, and countless disciples traveled to France. He is considered to be the first person to spread southeast culture. Since the Tang Dynasty, he has been named marquis of Wu, Wu Gong, Wu Gong and sage Yanzi. During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, a doctor of the Five Classics was specially appointed to be inherited by his descendants. Yan Yan has made great contributions to the prosperity of Wu culture. Also known as Zeng, he was born in Wucheng (now Nanwucheng in Weizhuang Township, Pingyi County, and Nanwu Village in Mandong Town, Jiaxiang County) in the Spring and Autumn Period. The dates of birth and death are unknown. The father of Zeng Shen, one of the 72 sages of Confucius' disciples. He and Meng, the father of Yan Hui and Mencius, were enshrined in the shrine behind the Confucius Temple in Qufu. In The Analects of Confucius, he sat with Luz, You Ran and Gong Xihua to talk about his personal interests. Speaking of personal interests, he stopped playing drums and piano, said that he would put on his spring clothes in late spring, and in 1009 (the second year of Song Dazhong Xiangfu), he sealed the "Laiwu Hou" with five or six like-minded adults. 1530 (the 9th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty) was renamed as "Saint Zeng". Ceng Dian's tomb is in Nanwucheng, his hometown. Zeng Shen, a native of Nanwucheng (now Pingyi) in the late Spring and Autumn Period, was born in 505 ~ 436 BC. People all address themselves as Ceng Zi. A disciple of Confucius. Ceng Dian's son is a small official who is famous for his filial piety. It is believed that "wisdom, loyalty and forbearance" are Confucius' "consistent" thoughts, and the cultivation method of "I live three times a day" is put forward. He advocated that "I should be cautious in the end (carefully handle the funeral of my parents), pursue the future (sincerely remember my ancestors), cherish the people's morality" and "commit crimes without learning (cultivate my mind)", and persistently practice Confucius' theory. Legend has it that there are "filial piety" and "university". Under the door of Confucius, he was regarded as a descendant of Taoism and was honored as a "saint" by later rulers. There are 18 pieces recorded in the Records of Han Literature and Art, which are incomplete, and there are 10 pieces from Lishi to Tianyuan. In Qing Dynasty, there was a note of Ceng Zi in Ruan Yuan. There is Zeng Temple at the southern foot of Nanwushan, 20 kilometers south of Jiaxiang, also known as Zongsheng Temple. Four subjects and ten philosophers: Yan Yuan, Min Ziqian, Ran Boniu, Zhong Gong, Zeng Shen's words: Kill me, the politics of Zigong: You Ran, Lu Ji's literature: Zi You, Xia Zi (see Advanced Analects).