The meaning of ancient poetry, see the following supplementary questions:
Du Mu
As far away as Hanshan, the stone path is oblique, and people are in Bai Yunsheng.
Stop and sit in the maple forest late, and the frost leaves are red in February flowers.
Through the poet's emotional tendency, the poem draws a colorful autumn color map of the mountain forest with maple forest as the main scene. This is a seven-character quatrain that describes and praises the scenery of mountains and forests in late autumn. The first sentence: "Hanshan stone path is far away." From the bottom up, write a stone road, winding to the mountains and autumn. The word "cold" points to the late autumn season; The word "far" describes the length of the mountain road; The word "oblique" takes care of the word "far" at the beginning of the sentence and writes a high and slow mountain. Because the slope is not big, you can travel by car.
The second sentence: "There are people in the depths of the white clouds" describes the distant scenery that the poet saw when hiking in the mountains. The word "someone" will remind people of the smoke curling up in the kitchen, the cock crowing and the dog barking, making them feel that the mountains are full of vitality and there is no dead terror. The word "home" also takes care of the "stone path" in the previous sentence, because this "stone path" is the passage for residents in the mountains.
The third sentence: the word "sit" in "Sitting in the Night in Fenglin" is interpreted as "because". Because the evening scenery of the sunset maple forest is so charming, the poet deliberately stopped to watch it. The word "late" in this sentence is exquisitely used and contains multiple meanings: (1) points out that the first two sentences are seen during the day and the last two sentences are scenes at night. (2) Because there is a sunset glow in the evening, the gorgeous sunset glow and the flaming maple leaves reflect each other, and the maple forest is particularly beautiful. (3) The poet lingered, and in the evening, he reluctantly boarded the bus and left, showing his love for red leaves. (4) Because you stop and observe carefully for a long time, you can realize it.
The fourth sentence: "Frost leaves are red in February flowers" is the central sentence of the whole poem. The descriptions of the first three sentences are all paving the way for this sentence. Why do poets use "Yu Hong" instead of "Hong Ru"? Because "red as" is like spring flowers, it is nothing more than decorating natural beauty; And "Red in" can't be compared with spring flowers. It is not only brighter in color, but also more cold-resistant and can stand the test of wind and frost.
This little poem is not only an impromptu ode to scenery, but also an expression of ambition. It is the expression of the poet's inner spiritual world and the sustenance of his interest, so it can enlighten and inspire readers.
An autumn night in the mountains
Don
The empty mountains are bathed in a new rain, and feel the early autumn at night.
The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks.
The bamboo forest is sonorous, the washerwoman returns, and the lotus leaves are swaying to get on the canoe.
Spring spring might as well give it a rest, and the autumn sun can stay on the hills for a long time.
The first two sentences of this poem are "An empty mountain stands on an autumn night after the rain", describing the scenery in the twilight and the beginning of Shan Yu, which is quiet, leisurely, fresh and pleasant. It was a natural picture of the mountain village after the rain, which was outlined by the poet with his big hand. It is fresh and quiet, and its eyes are far away, such as in front of it. An "empty" word renders the sky high and the clouds light, and everything is ethereal. How leisurely the poet lives in seclusion here, and how he describes the typical environment of landscape and countryside, revealing the poet's love.
"There is moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream", and the pine forest washed by rain is spotless and green; The rocks are especially crystal clear, transparent and bright; Even the moonlight is as bright as washing; Shan Yu's spring suddenly flows on the slate, and then winds down the mountain stream, giving out a crisp and pleasant song, like a "serenade". "Illumination" and "flow", one goes up and down, one moves in silence, and the other moves in silence, as if people feel the pulse of nature beating. At this moment, the poet seems to feel that he has also been washed away. The beauty of nature and the beauty of the soul are completely integrated, creating a pure and beautiful poetic realm, which is as inseparable as the water moon mirror. This kind of Zen is a hermit. Su Shi praised this couplet as a model sentence of "painting in poetry and poetry in painting".
Then the poet changed from writing about scenery to writing about people. In this landscape painting, the natural beauty of the mountain village is integrated with the beauty of the villagers' life. "The sound of bamboo calls the washerwoman to return, and the lotus leaves are collected in front of the fishing boat", which are the portrayal of human activities-"Huannv" and "Fisherman". The poet adopted the writing "Listen to people before you meet them". Yes, it's night, and it's covered with bamboo forests. How can I see a woman who comes back from washing clothes? However, when the women from Zhuhai moved slowly, they stirred the bamboo soaked in the night dew and made a "rustling" sound. With their silvery laughter, the noise of laughter broke the quiet night sky. Listening to the ups and downs of lotus leaves on the water, this is the fisherman's return by moonlight. When the poet touched the scene, he felt emotion: the villagers came back from Daiyue and started from their own nature. Their industrious, simple and cheerful personalities are far clearer and purer than those in officialdom. All these details convey that the poet loves not only the beauty of the scenery here, but also the beauty of the people here. This naturally lays a solid foundation for summarizing sentences.
"My friend's prince, spring has passed and you are still here. What does it matter?" It was written by a poet. Although spring has gone, autumn is better and I would like to stay. Wang Sun refers to the poet himself, which is the poet's antithesis of the poem "Wang Gui, you can't stay in the mountains for a long time" in Chu Ci. It means that although the youth in spring is resting, the scenery in autumn is good, and hermits can stay for a long time. As the poet said in Qingxi, "In my heart, I have always been as pure as this clear water." His love for returning to nature and his dislike for Guanhai are beyond words.
In a word, this pastoral poem is fresh and quiet, expressing feelings for mountains and rivers, and placing the poet's noble feelings and persistent pursuit of ideal life in poetry, which is rich in connotation and intriguing.
Tianjin Sha Qiu Si
Ma Yuan Zhiyuan
Dead vines, old trees, faint crows,
Small bridges and flowing water.
The ancient road, the west wind and the thin horse,
The sun went down,
Heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
The name of this piece of music is "Qiu Si", which is a sad autumn work. Susceptibility in autumn is an ancient tradition in China's literary world. From Qu Yuan's Li Sao to the present. "Yue Ji" said: "People move and things are smooth." It means that foreign things enliven people's inner feelings. Then what can make foreign objects move? The poem says, "The beast of Qi is touching, so it shakes its temperament and dances." He believes that this kind of thing that can make things move and thus move your heart is' qi'. What kind of anger is that? The ancients believed that the universe had yin and yang, and it was their operation that produced the universe and the morning and evening of the four seasons. For example, the sunshine is the most abundant in summer, so the vegetation is lush. But when it reached the peak, it began to decline, and the yin gradually produced, and it slowly arrived in autumn and winter. Yin Qi is the heaviest in autumn and winter, so the vegetation declines. When the yin is extremely extreme, it turns to yang, which gives birth to everything, and a hundred flowers bloom in spring. Because the four seasons have different temperatures and different natural scenery, people's hearts are moved by these changes. The germination of vegetation in spring reminds people of beauty, so it arouses the psychology of liking. The withering of vegetation in autumn is reminiscent of the aging and end of life. So it will make people feel sad and sad. In Li Sao, Qu Yuan sighed: "The sun and the moon suddenly don't drown, and the spring and autumn take their place. However, the grass and trees are scattered, fearing that the beauty will be late. " Song Yu said in "Nine Arguments": "Alas, autumn is the spirit! A bleak, withered vegetation ... "Lu Ji's" Wen Fu "says:" Sad leaves fall in the golden autumn, happy in the fragrant spring. " Although they live in different times, their thoughts and feelings are the same.
Chusek
Don Dumu
Silver candle Qiu Guang cold painting screen,
A small fan flies to the firefly.
Day and night are as cool as water,
Lie down and watch the morning glory and Vega.
This poem is Wang Jian's. This poem is about the lonely life and desolate mood of frustrated maids.
The first two sentences have painted a picture of life in the palace. On an autumn night, the white candle gives off a faint light, adding a dim and cold tone to the picture on the screen. At this time, a lonely maid-in-waiting was flapping the flying fireflies with a small fan. This sentence is very implicit and contains three meanings: first, the ancients said that rotten grass turned into fireflies. Although unscientific, fireflies were always born in those desolate places between grass graves. Nowadays, there are fireflies flying in the courtyard where maids live, and the bleak life of maids can be imagined. Secondly, we can imagine the loneliness and boredom of the maid-in-waiting from her flapping fireflies. With nothing to do, she had to release fireflies to amuse her lonely years. She beat the firefly with a small fan, and suddenly seemed to want to drive away the loneliness and loneliness that surrounded her, but what's the use? Thirdly, the small fan in the hand of the maid-in-waiting is symbolic. Fans were originally used for cooling in summer, but they are useless in autumn. Therefore, autumn fans are often used as a metaphor for abandoning wives in ancient poems. According to legend, Ban Jieyu, the princess of Emperor Han, was once demoted by Zhao Yanfei. After falling out of favor, she lived in Changxin Palace and wrote a poem "Li Sao": "The new Soviet Union is as bright as frost and snow. Cut into acacia fans, round like the bright moon. In and out of your arms, shaking the breeze. I am often afraid that the autumn festival will come and the cold will seize the heat. Abandon donations, and be kind. " This statement may not be credible, but when there are round fans and autumn fans in poetry, they are often associated with women who have fallen out of favor. For example, Wang Changling's Poem of Long Letters in Autumn: "Give a broom to open the Golden Palace and make a round fan wander", and Wang Jian's "Teasing in the Palace": "A round fan, a round fan, a beauty's illness covers her face" are all the same. Du Mu's poem "Light a Small Fan" also symbolizes the fate of the maid-in-waiting who holds the fan being abandoned.
The third sentence, "the day is sequential and the night is as cool as water." "Day steps" refer to the stone steps in the palace. "The night is as cold as water" means that the night is deep and the chill attacks people. It's time to go into the house and sleep. But the maid-in-waiting still sat on the stone steps, looking up at the Altair and Vega on both sides of the Tianhe River. According to folklore, the Weaver Girl is the granddaughter of the Emperor of Heaven. She marries the cow and petunia and meets him once a year when crossing the river on Qixi, with a magpie as the bridge. The "distant Altair" in Nineteen Ancient Poems of Han Dynasty is to write their stories. The maid-in-waiting watched Penny Weaver for a long time and didn't want to sleep at night, because the story of Penny Weaver touched her heart, reminded her of her unfortunate life experience and made her yearn for sincere love. It can be said that it is full of worries and expectations.
Mei Yu Sheng said: "It is bound to be difficult to write. If there are endless opinions at present, it would be best at that time." (See Poem on June 1st) These two sentences just illustrate the artistic features of this poem. One or three sentences describe the scenery and present the scenery of the deep palace autumn night to the readers very realistically. The word "cold", as an adjective used in verbs, is full of atmosphere. The metaphor of "cool as water" has not only color, but also temperature. Two or four sentences about ladies-in-waiting are implicit and intriguing. Although there is not a lyric in the poem, the complex feelings of the ladies-in-waiting intertwined with sorrow and expectation are beyond words, which reflects the tragic fate of women in feudal times from one side.