How to treat air pollution? Listen to the experts.
First, conscientiously implement the "People's Republic of China (PRC) Air Pollution Prevention Law" (hereinafter referred to as the "Air Pollution Prevention Law") and its supporting implementation rules. According to the requirements of the air pollution prevention and control law, all localities should grasp the current situation, speed up the formulation of some policies and regulations, and implement the air pollution prevention and control law;
The second is to strengthen the responsibility of local governments to reduce the emission of major air pollutants. According to the atmospheric environmental quality standards, local governments are required to assume the responsibility of reducing and controlling the total amount of pollutants discharged, and the approval of new key pollutant discharge construction projects exceeding the total amount control index is suspended;
The third is to link the quality of atmospheric environment with the formulation of major strategies and plans for economic and social development, and fully consider the requirements of atmospheric environmental protection;
Fourth, strengthen monitoring, require key emission units to install automatic monitoring equipment and network with environmental protection departments, and strictly prohibit illegal discharge activities such as desulfurization facilities;
Fifth, increase penalties for illegal acts, clarify and increase the amount of fines for common illegal acts, and for some serious illegal acts, increase penalties such as deadline governance, production restriction, suspension of production for rectification, closure, public security management punishment and even criminal responsibility, increase penalties, and completely reverse the phenomenon of "high law-abiding cost and low illegal cost".
2. Improve the management mechanism, and form a situation of paying equal attention to air pollution control.
Controlling air pollution is a systematic project. Party and government cadres at all levels should strengthen leadership, coordinate relevant departments, and mobilize all social forces to do this systematic project well. Environmental protection departments should strengthen the unified supervision and management of atmospheric environmental protection, strictly enforce the law and strictly manage it; The construction department should strengthen the construction of urban roads, gas supply, heating, greening, environmental protection and other infrastructure to improve the city's comprehensive anti-pollution ability; Development and Reform Commission and other relevant departments should do a good job in project planning and approval. In short, all departments should strengthen coordination, make concerted efforts, pay close attention to * * * management, and strive to complete the objectives and tasks of atmospheric environmental governance.
3. Implement emission reduction targets and strictly control the total amount of pollutants discharged by key industries and key regions.
The key to control air pollution is to focus on the key points. Sulfur dioxide emissions from power, smelting and cement industries account for more than 50% of the total industrial sulfur dioxide emissions, and it is necessary to focus on reducing the air pollutant emissions from the above three industries. Through the adjustment of industrial structure, the total amount control and pollutant discharge permit system are implemented to ensure that the air pollutants discharged by industry can achieve "increasing production without increasing pollution" or "increasing production and reducing pollution".
It is necessary to resolutely close high-sulfur coal mines with sulfur content greater than 3%, and gradually replace the seriously polluted and backward coal-using technology with clean coal technology. Desulfurization of coal-fired power plants is the top priority of air pollution control.
Focus on the construction of desulfurization facilities in coal-fired power plants, ensure the completion of the goal of sulfur dioxide emission reduction 10%, and curb the development of acid rain. At the same time, actively carry out the demonstration work of flue gas denitrification in coal-fired power plants and formulate the control plan of nitrogen oxides in coal-fired power plants.
Coordinate the prevention and control of air pollution in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and other urban agglomerations. Conditional cities should carry out combined pollution problems such as nitrogen oxides and organic pollutants and smog weather control, gradually monitor indicators such as ozone and PM2.5, and establish an early warning system for photochemical smog pollution.
Give priority to the development of public transport and vigorously develop and use clean fuel vehicles. Strengthen the environmental impact assessment, supervision and management of transportation infrastructure such as aviation, railways and ships. Strict access system for new motor vehicles, forcing new vehicles to adopt higher vehicle exhaust emission standards.
Strengthen law enforcement and eliminate motor vehicles with serious pollution as soon as possible. Gradually improve the quality standards of oil products and strengthen the management of production, import, transportation and sales of vehicle fuels. Gradually improve the supervision and management system of motor vehicle exhaust pollution, establish a management system and operation mechanism of unified supervision and management of environmental protection departments and coordinated division of labor among departments, and further strengthen law enforcement supervision. Supervise and manage the pollution in the whole process of vehicle shaping, production, import and use.
Implement the corresponding national motor vehicle emission standards in the whole management process, and vehicles that do not meet the national motor vehicle emission standards shall not be manufactured, sold, imported or used. Improve the system of scrapping old cars, ban vehicles that exceed the standard seriously, improve the overall equipment level of vehicles in use, and improve the quality of the atmospheric environment.
4. Rely on scientific and technological progress, eliminate backward production technology and improve energy efficiency.
Prevent and control industrial waste gas pollution, eliminate backward technologies and equipment that seriously pollute the environment, adopt clean technologies with high technical starting point, minimize the waste of energy and resources, fundamentally reduce the generation and discharge of pollutants, and reduce the capital investment required for terminal pollution control. It is forbidden to use obsolete technologies and equipment in new construction, reconstruction, expansion and technical transformation projects. Those that exceed the time limit must be resolutely banned.
Strengthen the popularization of practical technologies for air pollution prevention and control, and proceed from the national conditions to develop and popularize practical technologies for air pollution prevention and control as soon as possible, which are reliable in technology, economical and reasonable, and the supporting equipment can meet the standards. Key areas include coal washing, organic sulfur removal, industrial briquette, circulating fluidized bed boiler, coal gasification and liquefaction, flue gas desulfurization, converter steelmaking and dust removal, coke oven flue gas control, and black smoke control in ceramic tile kiln.
To improve the energy consumption structure, first, gradually reduce the direct consumption of coal and increase the consumption ratio of clean energy such as gas and electricity.
The second is to gradually improve the quality and grade of vehicle fuel, so that China's gasoline will develop towards lead-free and high-grade as soon as possible.
Third, actively encourage the development of various renewable energy sources, such as nuclear energy, wind energy and solar energy.