Can anyone introduce Tai Chi and Bagua diagrams?

Bagua

1. Origin of Bagua

Bagua is composed of eight hexagrams. The eight hexagrams are eight in total. It is divided into sixty-four, divided into upper and lower sutras, with thirty hexagrams in the upper sutra and thirty-four hexagrams in the lower sutra. There is also a song to help memory, see the table below:

The order of the sixty-four hexagrams Song

On the Thirty Years of Heaven and Earth, there is a need for a lawyer to live in peace and quiet like a small animal.

I have a lot of modesty, and I will follow the Gu to watch, and I will bite my tongue

Peel Fu Wuwu Da Zhu Yi Da Guo Kan Li Thirty Bei

Tai Chi Diagram

1. Tai Chi Diagram

Ancient Chinese summary of Yin and Yang Yili and its reflection A schema of the laws governing the occurrence, development and change of the world. The legendary Tai Chi diagram was created by Chen Tuan. There are three types of diagrams in Chen Tuan's biography: one is the innate Tai Chi diagram, the other is the dragon diagram, and the other is the Wuji diagram. Zhu Xi of the Song Dynasty: "The Xiantian Pictures were passed down from the Xiyi people, and the Xiyi people themselves had their own transmissions. The skills of the alchemists were used for cultivation, which is what "Shen Tongqi" said." (Volume 100 of "Yulei") Tai Chi painted by later generations. There are many diagrams, which can be roughly divided into two categories: the first type is a combination of several layers of diagrams, such as Wuji Diagram, Tai Chi Xiantian Diagram, Zhou Tai Chi Diagram, etc. The form is basically the same. The top circle uses a single circle to represent the art pole, and the second circle It is divided into three layers of black and white, marked with the words "Yang Dynasty" and "Yin Jing", which means the interweaving of Yin and Yang and the changes in movement; the five elements of metal, wood, fire, water and earth are divided into the middle, indicating the basic structural characteristics of the world produced by Yin Jing and Yang Dynasty; there are two more circles below, respectively marked "Main Road" The words "Become a man, Kun Dao becomes a woman" or "All things transform into life" are used to show the production of all things. This picture summarizes the evolution process of the universe in which all things are constantly born and changing, including Wuji - Tai Chi - Yin and Yang - Five Elements. The other type is based on the yin-yang fish diagram, such as the ancient Tai Chi diagram, the Xiantian Tai Chi diagram, the Laishi Tai Chi diagram, etc. The outer circle of the diagram symbolizes Tai Chi, and the inner circle is divided into black and white arcs with an S-curve, and there is a black in the white. Dot, there is a white dot in the black. White represents yang and black represents yin, symbolizing the mutual roots of yin and yang; the arc shape is like the shape of two fish swimming together to show the endless changes of yin and yang. It can be seen that the two types of schemas have different forms but similar connotations. The popular Tai Chi diagram today is the yin and yang fish diagram. Each part of this diagram originally had a fixed position and was assigned a specific meaning. However, modern Tai Chi diagrams do not have strict orientation standards, and most emphasize the meaning of the changing cycle of yin and yang. There have always been different understandings of the origin and connotation of Tai Chi diagram. Nowadays, many people combine it with modern scientific and technological theories to explain it. For example, some people think that the Tai Chi Diagram is an accurate summary of the wave-particle duality. The round shape of the Tai Chi Diagram represents the particle nature, the S-curve in the middle represents the wave nature, and the Tai Chi Diagram represents the wave-particle duality. Some people believe that the Tai Chi Diagram is a plane projection of the celestial sphere of the universe in the horizontal plane. The two small dots are used to determine the north and south directions. The S-shaped tribute line is the orbit of the sun, the moon, the five planets and other celestial bodies on the horizontal plane. Illustration of inner projection. This type of discussion is still controversial.

2. The theory of the origin of Tai Chi Diagram

The theory about the origin of Tai Chi Diagram. Tai Chi diagrams are generally divided into two categories, one is a combination of several layers, and the other is a diagram of yin and yang fish intertwining each other. There are many theories about the origin of the multi-layered Tai Chi diagram: (1) It was created by Zhou Dunyi in the Northern Song Dynasty. Pan Xingsi of the Northern Song Dynasty: "(Zhou) was especially good at talking about theory and theory, and was deeper than the Yi study. He wrote dozens of Tai Chi diagrams, Yi Shuo, and Yi Tong." ("Mr. Lianxi's Epitaph") Zhu Xi held this view ("Zhou Zi" Preface to "Tai Chi Tong Shu"). (2) Translated from Chen Tuan. Zhu Zhen of the Southern Song Dynasty: "Chen Tuan used the innate pictures to pass on the seeds, and he passed on Mu Xiu... Mu Xiu used the Tai Chi pictures to pass on Zhou Dunyi, and Dunyi passed on Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi." ("Song History·Zhu Zhen Biography") Lu Jiuyuan: "Zhu Zifa said that Lianxi Taiji Tu was attributed to Uncle Mu. The legend of Uncle Chang came from Chen Xiyi, so it must be tested." ("Collection of Lu Jiuyuan and Zhu Yuanhui's Book") (3) From the Buddhist life. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Liu Yin said: "It may also be said that Zhou Zi, Hu Su and Shao Gu worked together to run a pagoda in Runzhou and passed down his Book of Changes." ("Recording the Tai Chi Pictures") This "pagoda" is Shouya. (4) It originated from Chen Tuan’s Wuji picture carved on the Huashan stone wall. It was passed on to Chen Tuan through Wei Boyang, Zhong Liquan and Lu Dongbin. The Huashan stone wall carved by Chen Tuan was later passed on to Zhou Dunyi through Zhongfang and Mu Xiu, who transformed it into Tai Chi diagram. ("Tai Chi Illustration") Chen Tuan's carving on the stone wall of Mount Huashan was not mentioned by anyone during the Song, Jin, Yuan and Ming dynasties. This theory is doubtful. (5) Derived from "Tao Zang·Zhen Yuan Miao Sutra Diagram of the Big Hole Above".

According to the research of later generations, this pattern was absorbed by Taoists. The Five Qi Chaoyuan Diagram in Chen Tuan's Wuji Diagram of the Five Dynasties and the Five Elements Sequential Distribution Diagram in Zhou's Tai Chi Diagram are all derived from this.

5. Water, Fire and Kuang Guo Diagram

Explanation of the formation pattern of elixirs in "Shen Tong Qi". The picture is from Peng Xiao's "Zhou Yi Shen Tong Qi Tong Zhen Yi" version of the Later Shu Dynasty. In the picture, the left half is Li Gua and the right half is Kan Gua. The white ones are Yang Yao and the black ones are Yin Yao. As far as refining external elixirs are concerned, the left side is a green dragon, which is cinnabar, and the right side is a white tiger, which is lead. The small white circle in the middle refers to the elixir. This schema later became one of the schemas used by Taoists to describe alchemy. It is also said that Li fire is the sun and Yang; Kan water is the moon and Yin. It is said that Kan and Li embrace each other, dragon and tiger intersect, water and fire connect, and the sun and moon merge, which means that Yin and Yang complement each other. According to the research of later generations, Song Chen Tuan's Wuji Diagram and Zhou Dunyi's Tai Chi Diagram both originated from this.

6. Ancient Tai Chi Diagram

Also known as "Fuxi Bagua Direction Tai Chi Diagram" and "Tongqi Tai Chi Diagram". It is said that it was used by ancient alchemists to explain the diagrams of "The Book of Changes Shen Tong Qi". It was earlier seen in Zhao Zhong's "Authentic Taoism" in the early Ming Dynasty. This picture summarizes the contents of the Moon Body Najia, Two Yins, Three Fives, Nine Palaces, Bagua, tripods, medicines, and fire mentioned in "Shen Tongqi". White and black on both sides alternate, white to represent yang, black to represent yin, yin and yang are not separated, yin contains yang, and yang contains yin. The picture is divided into eight parts, and according to their respective attributes, they are equipped with eight trigrams to reveal the progress and retreat of the Dan family. Zhen San begins to cross Yin and Yang is born. From Zhen to Dui and then to Qian, Yang is extremely strong, and Yang is extremely strong in the south; . Among them, eight points are in the northeast, white, one black, two, one odd and two even; in the southeast, white, two black, one black, two odd and one even; in the south of Qianzheng, all white, three odd; in the southwest of Xunda, one black, one white, two white, one even Two odd points; northwest of Gen, two are black and one is white, two are even and one is odd; due north of Kun, all black, are three even; from due east, take the black dots in the white to the west, which is two odd and one even; due west of Kan, take The white dots in the black in the east are two even and one odd. Hu Wei of the Qing Dynasty's "Yi Tu Ming Bian" believes that this picture "is the number of the rise and fall of Yin and Yang. By pushing the Qi of Hui Xianwang, we can know that its principles are consistent. The Yang Qi is born in the northeast and flourishes in the due south, which vibrates Li Dui Qian is here, that is, looking at the first three periods, it is the moon sign when Yang is expiring and Yin is disappearing; Yin Qi arises in the southwest and flourishes in the due north, Xunkan Genkun is here, that is, when looking at the three periods behind, it is the moon when Yin is expiring and Yang is disappearing. Symbol. The yin pole is in the north and the yang rises and thins. The yin avoids the yang, so when it returns to the middle palace, there is a little bit of white in the black. The yin pole is in the south, and the yin comes to welcome it. The yang avoids the yin, so it returns to the middle palace, and there is white. There is a little bit of black in the middle. Look at the setting moon in the east and the sun in the west. The white spots in the black are the sunshine, and the black spots in the white are the ghosts. It is inferred that Chen Tuan's study originated from the "Shen Tong Qi". This map is similar to the "Map of Heaven, Earth and Nature" that appeared almost at the same time, except for the addition of indicator lines indicating the orientation, and the rest are the same. Ancient Tai Chi diagram contains extremely profound philosophy and has a great influence on later generations. It occupies an important position in the Tai Chi diagram system.

7. Innate Tai Chi Diagram

Also known as "The Natural Diagram of Heaven and Earth", "The Natural River Diagram of Heaven and Earth", and "Gua Qi Diagram", referred to as "Xiantian Diagram" and "Tai Chi Diagram" ". According to the research of the Yi family in the Song and Ming Dynasties, this picture was created by Chen Tuan.

Chen Tuan originated from "Shen Tong Qi", and one theory is that it originated from a hermit in Western Shu. Zhu Xi's "Yu Lei" of the Song Dynasty, "Xie Zhongzhi's Preface to Three Pictures of Yi" by Yuan Yuan, Zhao Ruqian's "The Original Meaning of Six Books" of the Ming Dynasty, Zhao Zhongquan's "Authentic Taoism", etc. have discussed it. This picture was first published in "Liu Shu Benyi". The two black and white fish shapes in the picture are surrounded by the two qi of yin and yang. The Yin energy is strong in the north and is pure Yin, occupying the position of Kun hexagram. The Yang Qi is stronger in the south and is pure Yang, occupying the position of Qian Gua. The Yin Qi is extremely in the north; the Yang Qi begins to grow and is located in the Zhen Gua position in the northeast. The hexagram represents one yang and two yin, indicating that the Yang Qi is still weak; then, it passes through the Li Gua in the East and the Dui Gua in the Southeast to the Qian Gua position, where the hexagram represents It is three yang, and the yang energy is extremely strong. Yang Qi is extremely in the south; Yin Qi is first born and is located in the Xun Gua position in the southwest. The hexagram image is one yin and two yang, indicating that the Yin Qi is still weak; then, it passes through Kan in the west and Gen in the northwest to the Kun hexagram position, and the hexagram image is three yin. , Yin energy is extremely strong. This cycle continues. The white part on the left in the picture is located in the east, echoing the white part on the right, and surrounding the black part, which represents two yangs holding one yin, which is the hexagram sign of Li, which is "opposing yin in the middle"; the black part on the right is located in the west , which echoes the black part on the left and surrounds the white part, represents two yin and one yang, which is the Kan hexagram image. This is "opposite the yang in the middle".

The white part on the left is from Zhen Yang, which is born, to the separation of two Yangs and one Yin, to the growth of Dui Yang, and finally to the peak of the three Yangs of Qian Gua, which is the process of Yang exhalation; the right black part is from Xun and Yin, and after In the two hexagrams of Kan and Gen, the two yins grow until the three yins in the Kun hexagram are fully developed, which is the process of yin exhalation. The two black and white fish tails in the picture

represent the beginning of the two qi of Yin and Yang; the two black and white fish heads on the left represent the rise of Yang and force Yin, and the Yin avoids Yang and returns to the middle palace; the right represents the rise of Yin to welcome it. Yang, Yang avoids Yin and returns to the middle palace. The two fish eyes, black and white, represent yin within yang and yang within yin. Compared with the "Ancient Tai Chi Diagram", this picture only lacks the indicating lines indicating the direction, and the rest is the same. Both pictures use graphics to express the change of yin and yang. Other Tai Chi diagrams produced in later generations have not departed from the basic connotation of this diagram.

8. The Natural River Map of Heaven and Earth

It is the “Natural Map of Heaven and Earth” and the “Innate Tai Chi Map”. The picture can be found in Zhao Juqian's "Six Books Original Meaning" in the early Ming Dynasty, which is the earliest record of the Yin-Yang Fish Tai Chi Diagram. The title of the picture is "Picture of the Natural Rivers of Heaven, Earth and Nature", and the text is annotated "Picture of the Nature of Heaven and Earth". Zhao believes that "this picture has been passed down from generation to generation. Cai Yuanding got it from a hermit in Shu. He kept it secret and never saw it. Even Zhuzi never saw it. Now that he has obtained it from Chen Bofu, he should be familiar with it. There is Tai Chi that corresponds to yin and yang, and yin and yang corresponds to the Eight Diagrams of nature." Wonderful, it is the origin of words throughout the ages and the hub of creation. Oh wow, what a god!" ("The Original Meaning of the Six Books") The characteristic of this picture is that the yin and yang are combined and the hexagram energy is running in one picture. The white side is yang and the black side is yang. It is yin to show that yin and yang are dependent on each other but not separated. The fish eyes show that there is yin in yang and yang in yin. See the "Innate Tai Chi Diagram" article.

9. Wuji Picture

① It is said to be one of the three pictures passed down by Chen Tuan. It represents the process of refining the inner elixir, which is consistent with the method of refining the inner elixir mentioned in Chen Tuan's "Zhi Xuan" and Yu Yan's "Shen Tong Qi Play", and has developed the alchemy technique of "Shen Tong Qi" and will The outer elixir leads to the refining of the inner elixir. According to Huang Zongyan of the Qing Dynasty's "Shu Bianhuo", the bottom circle of this diagram is the "Xuan Ni Gate", which refers to the empty space between the two kidneys of the human body, where the ancestral Qi, that is, the Qi of the Dantian comes out. The second circle is "refining essence and transforming into Qi, refining Qi and transforming into spirit". The ancestral Qi rises and is refined, refining the tangible essence and transforming it into faint Qi. The Qi is the Qi of breathing, and the Qi of breathing is transformed into the spirit. The third circle of five Qi is toward the Yuan, which means that the refined Qi penetrates the five internal organs and leads the five Qi of water, fire, wood, metal, and earth to condense together. Among them, the two qi of water (kidney) and fire (heart) are the most important and occupy the upper position. Refining until the fire qi drops, the water qi rises, the fire is no longer hot, the water is not despicable and moist, and it is warm and nourished, then it enters the fourth circle. The fourth circle "takes the obstacles and fills them up", water and fire intersect to form the holy womb. The small white circle in the center refers to the Holy Fetus. If this holy embryo is cultivated, it will enter the uppermost circle. The top circle "refines the spirit to return to the void, and returns to the infinite", reaching the realm of emptiness and limitless immortality, which echoes the "mysterious female gate" from which the ancestral energy comes out. The bottom circle and the top circle are both nothingness, and a section in the middle is existence, which means that it comes from nothing to something and then returns to nothing. Nothingness is the root of all things, so it is called the infinite picture. Huang believes that the picture of the Five Qi Dynasty Chaoyuan is based on the Sanwu Zhijing Picture in Shen Tongqi, and the picture of taking the ridge and filling it is based on the Water, Fire and Kuangguo Picture in Shen Tongqi. Chen Tuan's Wuji Diagram shows that Taoism in the early Song Dynasty had used the categories of "Book of Changes" to explain the methods of refining inner elixirs. This Wuji diagram was later developed into "Tai Chi diagram" by Zhou Dunyi. See the articles "Tai Chi Xiantian Diagram" and "Zhou Tai Chi Diagram".

② Refers to the "Taixu Diagram", please refer to the "Taixu Diagram" article below.

p>Gen Jian returns to his sister Feng Lv Xun Dui Huan Jie Xi Zhong Fu Zhi

Small Guo both helps and fails to help, which is the Thirty-Four of the Lower Sutra

Hexagrams 2 and 64 Divided into eight palaces

1. Qian Palace (belongs to gold, opposite to Kun and Earth, without water and thunder) Click to view:

Qian is Tiantianfengjiao Tianshan Escapes Heaven and Earth

Feng Di Guan Shan Di Pei Huo Di Jin Huo Tian Dayou

2. Kan Palace (belongs to water, opposite to Li Fire, without Tianshan wind) Click to view:

Kan Palace To save water, water, thunder and tunnel, water and fire are both beneficial

Ze Huo Ge Lei Huo Feng Di Huo Ming Yi Di Shui Shi

3. Gen Palace (belongs to earth, opposite to Dui Ze, has no Minefields) Click to view:

Genweishanshanhuobenshantiandawushanzeshu

Huoze Sui Tianze Lufengze Zhongfu Fengshan Gradually

4. Zhen Palace (belongs to wood, opposite to Xun wind, without Tianshan fire) Click to view:

Zhen is thunder, earth, Yu, thunder, hydrolysis, thunder, wind and constant

Earth wind rises, water wind rises The wind in Jingzawa is stronger than that in Zeleisui

5. Xun Palace (belongs to wood, opposite to Zhenlei, has no land and water) Click to view:

Xun is wind, wind, small animal wind Feng Lei Yi of the Huo Family

Heavenly Thunder Wuwu Fire Thunder Eats Mountain Thunder Yishan Wind Gu

6. Li Gong (belongs to fire, opposite to Kanshui, without thunder land) click View:

Lihuofenghuoshanluhuofengdinghuowuiweiji

Shanshui Mengfengshuihuan Tianshui Suiting Tianhuo Tongren

7. Kun Palace (belonging to earth , opposite to the dry sky, there are no mountains, wind and fire) Click to view:

Kunwei Di Lei Fu Di Ze Lin Di Tian Tai

Lei Tian Da Zhuang Ze Tian Hui Shui Tian Needs Water Ground Comparison

8. Dui Palace (belongs to gold, opposite to Gen Mountain, without sky, wind and fire) Click to view:

Dui is Zeze Water, Trapped Ze Land, Cui Ze Mountain Salty

Shui Shan Jian Di Shan Qian Lei Shan Xiao Guo Lei Ze Guimei

3. The arrangement of hexagram paintings

The arrangement of hexagram paintings is from bottom to top Drawing is different from when we write articles or draw pictures. When drawing Bagua, we start from the bottom first and then draw from the bottom up. See the picture below:

This hexagram is called fire. In the Bagua, the yang line is called "nine" and the yin line is called "six". Nine is an odd number. In the Book of Changes, it is called yang. Six is ​​an even number. , called Yin in the Book of Changes, is drawn from the bottom up. The first line is the Yang line, so it is called "Chujiu", the second line is the Yin line, so it is called "Sixty-two", and the third line is called "Sixty-two". It is the Yang Yao, called "Nine Three", the fourth Yao is the Yang Yao, called "Nine Four", the fifth Yao is the Yin Yao, called "Liu Wu", and the sixth Yao is called the Shang Yao, because it is the Yang Yao. , so it is called "Shangjiu".