What factors may cause air navigation bumps? What will passengers do when this happens?

Every stage of aircraft take-off, landing and air flight will be affected by meteorological conditions. Wind, temperature and air pressure are all important meteorological factors affecting flight. The wind on the ground will directly affect the operation of the aircraft, and the wind at high altitude will affect the flight speed and fuel consumption of the aircraft on the route. Temperature can change the thrust of the engine, affect the airspeed indicator, take-off and landing distance and so on. When the temperature is higher than the standard atmospheric temperature, it will increase the take-off distance and climb time and reduce the aircraft load. Air pressure will affect the flying height of the plane. Due to the frequent changes of air pressure in various places, the indication error of air pressure altimeter is often caused. In addition, weather phenomena such as thunderstorms, low clouds, low visibility, low-level wind shear, atmospheric turbulence, air jet, bumps and icing directly threaten flight safety.

Thunderstorm is one of the main weather affecting flight in summer. Lightning and strong thunderstorm electric field will seriously interfere with medium and short wave radio communication, and even temporarily interrupt communication. When there is a thunderstorm over the airport, heavy precipitation, poor visibility, sudden change of wind direction and gust have great influence on flight activities and ground equipment. Heavy precipitation, turbulence (including ascending and descending airflow), icing, thunder and lightning, hail and squall caused by thunderstorms have caused great difficulties in flight, which seriously led to the loss of control, damage and horsepower of the aircraft, directly endangering flight safety.