Appreciation of Liu Yuxi's Ancient Poetry "The Old Story of the West Fort"
Wang Zhuo Xiayizhou, Jinling chaos.
Chihiro iron lock sank to the bottom of the river and a stone fell out.
How many sad past in life, the mountains still remain cold.
Today, the four seas are home, so the base rustles and reeds harvest in autumn.
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① Cisai Mountain: Located on the Yangtze River east of Daye, Huangshi, Hubei Province, it was a famous military fortress during the Six Dynasties. The Six Dynasties refer to the six dynasties in the history of China from the Three Kingdoms to the south of the Sui Dynasty. That is, the Three Kingdoms Wu (or Soochow, Sun Wu), Eastern Jin, Southern Song (or Liu Song), Southern Qi (or Dynasty), Southern Liang and Southern Chen (or Dynasty). Nanjing is the capital of these two cities.
(2) Wang Zhuo (jùn): In the fifth year of Xianning in the Western Jin Dynasty (AD 279), Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty ordered the unification of Wu. On the broad front from Chuzhou in the east to Yizhou in the west, several armies were organized to attack Soochow in an all-round way. In the first year of Taikang (AD 280), he ordered Wang Meng, the general of Long Xiang, to lead a water army composed of tall warships down the river to crusade against Wu Dong. Soon, he broke through Jinling and accepted the surrender of Sun Hao, the Lord of Wu. Since then, Dongwu has perished.
King of Jinling: Jinling has been said to be king since ancient times, which means that it is a land of feng shui and has the spirit of an emperor. In the past, Chu Weiwang saw that there was a royal spirit here, so he buried gold to save the town. Therefore, Jinling. "
(4) Chihiro iron lock sank to the bottom of the river: Soochow locked the river with a long chain at the foot of Mount Cisse for fortification. Wang used dozens of rafts, loaded with sesame oil torches, melted the chains across the river, and the army arrived at the gates of Jinling. Search: an ancient unit of length, eight feet is called search.
⑤ Stone: Stone Town, another name for Nanjing.
6. Every sea is today's home: Today, I am glad that the Tang Dynasty was still a unified situation.
⑦ Old fortress: ancient fortress, old fortress.
8 reed: refers to reed.
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This poem was written by the poet Tang Muzong when he was transferred from Kuizhou to Hezhou (now Chaohu County, Anhui Province) in the fourth year of Changqing (AD 824) as a secretariat. At that time, the poet passed by Mount Cisse, touching the scene and remembering the past, and wrote this homesick poem lamenting the rise and fall of history. For the first time, the poet wrote the process and reason of Wu Dong's demise in concise words. On the one hand, it is a big ship, on the other hand, it is a Chihiro chain. The former is offensive and the latter is defensive. The attacker takes the initiative to plan, and the defender only relies on the chain. Sun Hao, Wu Zhu, does not repair internal affairs, is extravagant and blames the country. "If you don't go up, you can't go down" (Sun Hao, The History of the Three Kingdoms). The so-called chain is firm, but it also has shortcomings. If people's hearts are not solid, who will argue? Therefore, Sun Hao finally abandoned the city and surrendered. The poet touched the scene and felt deeply. Things change, ups and downs are unpredictable. The mount cisse in front of us is still towering, and the Yangtze river water at the foot is still rolling eastward. The old capitals of the six countries changed dynasties. History seems to never get out of this cycle. "Later generations mourn for it and don't learn, which also makes them mourn again" (Du Mu's Epang Palace Fu). The poet lived in the middle Tang Dynasty, and the "An Shi Rebellion" was put down. The country still maintains a unified situation, but several generations of emperors favored eunuchs and excluded loyal ministers. The separatist forces in the buffer zone are getting worse. The poet is deeply worried about the lessons of history. It is said that remembering the past hurts today. The remains of the old base, autumn wind rustling, reeds rustling several times.
Poets tell historical facts, describe the scene before them and express their feelings in their chests. History, scenery and feelings are ingeniously blended together, which set each other off and become interesting. Thereby creating a desolate and far-reaching artistic conception, giving people a sense of depression and frustration.