Brief introduction of national character

Nationalism is the Chinese translation of nationality, that is, the translation into nationality. It is a term of modern nation-state theory, which spread from Europe to Japan and then to China. Yan Fu, a pioneer of the modern Enlightenment, put forward the idea of "three people": "drum up people's strength, enlighten people's wisdom and cultivate new people's morality", and criticized China's national character: "The disadvantages of Chinese style can be summarized as eight words: it begins with forgery and ends with shamelessness." Liang Qichao's "Xinmin Shuo" systematically discusses the problem of transforming national character.

National character includes national political consciousness, self-consciousness, values, social communication norms, the most common personality qualities, psychological characteristics and so on. National character is the most important internal feature of a nation. The national characteristics of each country have their strengths and weaknesses, which have great influence on the development of social economy, culture and politics.

Set concept used to express cultural spirit and psychological structure. Refers to the cultural spirit, psychological characteristics and personality characteristics that are shared by most members of a nation and work repeatedly. Also known as national character. However, when the national characteristics are investigated by the country, the national character is usually used; National character is relative to the concept of personality. Zhuang Zexuan, a Chinese scholar, said in his book "Nation and Education" (1938) that "a nation is a common thought, emotion and will generated by the mutual influence of individuals in a nation, which has the power to oppress and profoundly urge individuals". American sociologist A. inkeles defined national character as the most frequent and lasting personality characteristics or ways of adults in his article National Character (1969), and called it "conformity personality".