Why did the ancients call other people’s fathers?

There are a lot of them in this one

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There are also a lot of them in this one. You can also write your own idioms and find allusions (in There is a pinyin beginning on it. After clicking, all the idioms pronounced with this letter will come out

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Prevent micro-duration

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12/31/2003/13:59 China Jingwei.com

Explanation: Prevent bad things from emerging and prevent their development.

This idiom comes from "Book of the Later Han Dynasty. Ding Hong Zhuan". The demons are destroyed, and the evils are eliminated.

After Emperor He came to the throne in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Empress Dowager Dou took full power. Military and political power. Seeing this phenomenon, many ministers were very worried about the Han Dynasty. Minister Ding Hong was one of them.

Ding Hong was very knowledgeable and knowledgeable about the classics. He was very angry at Empress Dowager Dou's dictatorship and determined to get rid of this evil for the country. A few years later, a solar eclipse occurred in the sky. Ding Hong took advantage of this ominous sign and wrote to the emperor, pointing out the influence of the Dou family's power on the country. It was suggested to change this phenomenon quickly. Emperor He had already had this feeling and intention, so he quickly dismissed Dou Xian from his position, and Dou Xian and his brothers committed suicide.

Ding Hongzai. The letter to Emperor He said that if the emperor rectifies politics himself, he should pay attention to preventing accidents when they begin, so that hidden dangers can be eliminated and the country can maintain long-term stability.

Three-fold failure

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08/18/2003/09:23 Huaxia Jingwei.com

During the Jin Dynasty, there were people from two groups, the Fan family and the Zhongxing family, who were preparing to raise troops to attack Jin Dinggong. At that time, someone pointed out that the key to success or failure in the war depended on whether the people supported it. If not, Gaining the trust and support of the people will undoubtedly lead to failure. The Fan family and the Zhongxing family's attack on Jin Dinggong is an act of rebellion, and the people will not support them. What's more, Jin Dinggong himself failed to attack the king and was exiled. Living in a foreign country can be said to be a person who has experienced failure. Just like a person who broke his arm three times and recovered after medical treatment, he has already experienced the feeling of broken arms; Through the experience, he has learned about the causes of broken arms, as well as the process and methods of treatment. In other words, he is already a veteran. Therefore, the meaning of the idiom "three folds of its arms" is quite profound.

No matter who he is, as long as he has achieved success through many setbacks and hard work, we can all say that he is a person who has struggled with difficulties and "broken his arms three times". The great people in the world are not born. He must have experienced a lot of setbacks, but still continued to struggle and finally succeeded. Failure is the mother of success. We can use the example of great people to encourage others and ourselves.

Snatching and plundering

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< p>08/14/2003/12:49 Huaxia Jingwei.com

Mi Youren (zi Yuanhui), the son of the great calligrapher and painter Mi Fu of the Song Dynasty, had the same family background as his father , is both a good calligrapher and good at painting; he especially loves the works of the ancients.

Once, when he saw Wang Xizhi's calligraphy on someone else's boat, he was so happy that he immediately wanted to exchange it for a piece of "Good Day". The owner didn't agree, so he screamed in excitement, climbed onto the side of the boat and jumped into the water. Fortunately, others quickly hugged him and prevented him from falling into the water. He has a great skill, which is to learn to imitate the paintings of the ancients. When he was in Lianshui, he once borrowed a "Picture of a Pine Cow" from someone to sketch. Later, he kept the original copy and returned the copy to someone else, but the person didn't notice it at the time. Take it and go. It wasn't until many days later that he came to ask for the original.

Mi Youren asked him how he could tell, and the man replied: "The eyes in the real book have the shadow of the shepherd boy; but the one you returned to me does not." But Mi Youren said Ren imitated the paintings of the ancients, and few people discovered that his models were fake. He often went out of his way to borrow ancient paintings from others to copy; and after he finished copying, he would always give the master both the sample and the original copy, asking the master to make his own choice. Because of his skill in imitating ancient paintings, he made the model exactly the same as the original. The owner often took the model back as the original, and Mi Youren obtained many valuable authentic ancient paintings.

Mi Youren is a talented artist worthy of people's admiration. He is also a lover and appreciator of ancient paintings, making people more aware of the beauty and value of ancient paintings; but he uses that kind of The act of cleverly substituting a fake copy for someone else's authentic copy is despised and despised. Therefore, some people called his behavior of using clever methods to defraud other people's authentic ancient paintings "stealing and plundering". Later people extended it into the idiom "stealing and plundering", which is used to describe people who use unfair and clever methods to steal. Seize what you don't deserve. "Taking skillfully" means defrauding; "grabbing" means seizing payment. And using this method to seize property is often convenient and the gain is a lot, so there is a saying that "theft is clever, so the gain is a lot" ("Qingbo Magazine"), for example. Magic sticks who use sacred objects as a cover often use clever names to defraud ignorant people of their property under the pretense of performing Buddhist rituals. Seizing private property is called "grabbing by skill".

Besieged on all sides

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< p>08/18/2003/08:33 China Jingwei Network

Xiang Yu and Liu Bang originally agreed to use the east and west sides of the divide (in the Jialu River in Rong County, Henan Province today) as the boundary to prevent mutual infringement. Later, Liu Bang followed the advice of Zhang Liang and Chen Ping and felt that Xiang Yu should be eliminated while he was weak, so he joined forces with Han Xin, Peng Yue, and Liu Jia to pursue Xiang Yu's troops heading east to Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu). Finally, several layers of troops were deployed and Xiang Yu was tightly surrounded by Gaixia (in the southeast of today's Lingbi County, Anhui). At this time, Xiang Yu had very few soldiers and no food. At night, he heard the troops surrounding him singing folk songs of the Chu region. He couldn't help but be very surprised and said, "Has Liu Bang already obtained the forbidden land? Why are there so many Chu people in his army?" Hearing this, he felt lost in his heart. In order to fight, he got up from the bed, drank wine in the tent, and sang with his favorite concubine Yu Ji. After singing, I burst into tears. The people nearby were also very sad and felt unable to lift their heads. After a while, Xiang Yu mounted his horse, took the remaining 800 cavalry, and escaped from the south. He fought and fled, and then committed suicide by killing himself by the Wujiang River.

Because in this story, Xiang Yu was surprised when he heard songs of Chu being sung all around him, and then failed to commit suicide. Therefore, later people used the phrase "besieged on all sides" to describe people being attacked or attacked from all sides. The forced personnel environment has led to a situation of isolation and distress.

The fate of those who fall into this kind of situation is often very tragic. For example, a person often associates with bad people and is idle and idle; but later he destroys those bad people who force him to make a living and asks for help. When it comes to others, others will never sympathize with or ignore him if his behavior is too bad. This person is in a situation where he is "embattled on all sides." Another example is the discussion of academic issues in school. The student is uneducated and has no academic skills (idiom, meaning no academic), talks nonsense, and confuses right and wrong. The students gather together to attack, and the student is completely isolated. This can also be called "embarrassed on all sides." . In the course of our lives and in our daily lives, if we behave well and do things down-to-earth, if we make mistakes, we will inevitably suffer the misfortune of being "embattled on all sides".

Luoyang Zhigui

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< p>08/14/2003/13:32 China Jingwei.com

Many people now know the idiom "Luoyang paper is expensive", but where does it come from? It turns out that during the Taikang period of the Western Jin Dynasty, there was a famous writer named Zuo Si. He once wrote a "Sandu Fu" which was widely circulated in Luoyang, the capital. People praised it and copied it, which made the paper several times more expensive. . The paper that originally cost one thousand fen per copy suddenly increased to 2,000 or 3,000 fen, and then it was sold out. Many people had no choice but to buy paper from other places and copy this ancient poem.

However, it took many twists and turns for Zuo Si to write "Sandu Fu" before it was taken seriously; without Bole's talent, perhaps this "Sandu Fu" would have become a pile of waste paper and would not be circulated.

When Zuo Si was a child, his father always looked down on him. His father, Zuo Yong, gradually became a censor from a small official. When he saw that his son was short in stature, not impressive in appearance, and stammered in speech, he looked like he was demented. He often told outsiders that he regretted having such a son. When Zuo Si became an adult, Zuo Yong also said to his friends: "Although Zuo Si is an adult, his knowledge and principles are not as good as those I had when I was a child."

Zuo Si was unwilling to be despised and began to get angry. study. When he read "Ode to Two Capitals" written by Ban Gu of the Eastern Han Dynasty and "Ode to Two Capitals" written by Zhang Heng, although he admired the grandeur and gorgeous diction in the article, which described the style of the capital cities of Luoyang in Tokyo and Chang'an in Xijing, he also saw It has the shortcomings of being empty but not real, and too big and inappropriate. From then on, he determined to write a "Fu on Three Capitals" based on facts and historical development, and included Yecheng, the capital of Wei, Chengdu, the capital of Shu, and Nanjing, the capital of Wu, during the Three Kingdoms period.

In order to write "Ode to the Three Capitals", Zuo Si began to collect a large amount of information on history, geography, products, customs and people. After collecting them, he closed the door to thank guests and began to write hard. He meditated day and night in a room covered with books and paper, and it often took him a long time to come up with a satisfactory sentence. After ten years, this "Sandu Fu", which embodies Zuo Sigan's hard work, was finally written!

However, when Zuo Si gave his article to others to read, he was ridiculed. At that time, Lu Ji, a famous writer, also had the idea of ​​writing "Sandu Fu". When he heard that the little-known Zuo Si wrote "Sandu Fu", he sarcastically said: "A boy who doesn't know the heights of heaven and earth actually wants to surpass Ban Gu." , Zhang Heng, you overestimate your capabilities!" He also wrote to his brother Lu Yun: "There is an arrogant guy in the capital who wrote "Sandu Fu". I think what he wrote is only worthy of me to cover the wine jar! "

When Zuo Si's "Sandu Fu" was reviewed in the literary circle, when the literati saw that the author was an unknown person, they did not take a closer look at it, shook their heads and waved their hands, and said "Sandu Fu" Gain nothing. Zuo Si was unwilling to have his hard work buried and found Zhang Hua, a famous writer.

Zhang Hua first read "Sandu Fu" sentence by sentence, and then asked Zuo Si in detail about his creative motivation and process. When he went back to appreciate the meaning and charm of the sentences, he couldn't help but be fascinated by the sentences in the article. Deeply moved. The more he read, the more he fell in love with it, and eventually he couldn't bear to put it down. He praised: "The article is very good! Those secular literati only value reputation and not articles, and their words are not worth mentioning. Mr. Huangfu Mi is very famous and upright. Let me and him recommend your article to World!"

Huang Fumi was filled with emotion after reading "San Du Fu". He spoke highly of the article and happily wrote the preface for it. He also invited the author Zhang Zai to annotate Wei Du Fu in "Sandu Fu" and Zhu Zhongshu Liu Kui to annotate Shu Du Fu and Wu Du Fu. Liu Kui said in his explanation: "The world often attaches great importance to ancient things, but despises new things and new achievements. This is the reason why "Sandu Fu" was not handed down to the world at first!"

Preface by celebrities Thanks to the recommendation, "Sandu Fu" quickly became popular in Kyoto, and everyone who knew literature could not help praising it. Even Lu Ji, who used to ridicule Zuo Si, heard about it and read it carefully. He nodded in approval and kept saying, "It's so well written, I can't believe it." He concluded that if he wrote "Sandu Fu" again, he would never write it. If I can surpass Zuo Si, I will stop writing.

We can see that for the same article, some people reduced it to worthless, while others made it famous for a while. Of course, there are differences between people with high and low discernment, but more importantly, it reflects whether people value new forces and whether they can recognize talents with a discerning eye.

The internal helper

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08/14/2003/12:28 Huaxia Jingwei.com

Yan Ying was the prime minister of Qi Jinggong during the Warring States Period. He was not very tall. According to the cloud, he was less than six feet long (equivalent to the current four feet and three inches). ) But he was very talented and well-known among the princes. One day Yan Ying went out and sat in a carriage, driven by his charioteer (carriage driver). The charioteer's wife was very virtuous. When the charioteer drove his car and passed by the door of his house, his wife peeped through the crack in the door and saw her husband waving his riding crop with a proud look.

When her husband came home that night, she scolded him: "Yan Ying was less than six feet tall. He became the prime minister of Qi and became famous all over the world. The princes of all countries knew him and respected him. I think his attitude is still very humble and not complacent at all. You are eight feet tall and much more majestic in appearance. You only serve as his driver, and you are still very proud and look very proud, so you I'm really embarrassed for you because you can only do lowly jobs."

After listening to his wife's words, the emperor's attitude gradually changed, and he appeared to be humble and kind in every aspect, Yan Ying said. Seeing that the emperor suddenly became humble, he felt strange and asked him why. The emperor told Yan Ying honestly what his wife had said. Yan Ying recommended him to become a doctor because he could change things immediately after hearing advice and was a person worthy of promotion.

From this story of a virtuous wife, later generations extended it to compliment people who have virtuous wives. Today, most people call a wife a helpful wife if she can help her husband, make progress in his career, studies, and character, and increase his status in society.

Honey in mouth and sword in belly

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< p>07/16/2003/11:21 Huaxia Jingwei.com

Source: "Zizhi Tongjian·Tang Ji·Xuanzong Sky First Year" Li Linfu was the prime minister, especially literary scholars, or Yang Yu The good thing is to eat sweet words and sink them in the dark. The world said that Li Linfu "has honey in his mouth and a sword in his belly."

Interpretation: It is a metaphor that he speaks well and is as sweet as honey, but in his belly he harbors a conspiracy to harm others.

Story: Li Linfu, during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was the "Shang Shu of the Ministry of War" and the "Ling of the Zhongshu Ling", which was the position of the prime minister.

This person is not bad in terms of talent, he is good at calligraphy and painting. But as far as moral character is concerned, it is completely bad. He is jealous of talents and harms others. He will use all means to exclude and attack anyone who is more talented than him, has a higher reputation than him, and has similar power and status to him. He had the ability to flatter Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. He tried his best to accommodate Xuanzong and used various methods to please Xuanzong's favored concubines and confidant eunuchs, gaining their favor and support in order to maintain his position.

When Li Linfu comes into contact with people, he always looks amiable on the outside and always says nice "goodwill" words. But in fact, his character is very cunning and cunning, and he often secretly Harm people. For example, once, he pretended to be sincere and said to his colleague Li Shizhi: "Huashan Mountain produces a lot of gold. If it can be mined, it can greatly increase the country's wealth. Unfortunately, the emperor doesn't know it yet. Li Shizhi thought this was true and ran away quickly It was suggested to Xuanzong to mine quickly. Xuanzong was very happy when he heard it and immediately called Li Linfu to discuss it. But Li Linfu said: "I already knew about this. Huashan Mountain is the place where the emperor's Feng Shui is concentrated. How can I just mine it casually?" I'm afraid others have bad intentions when they advise you to mine. I have wanted to tell you about this several times, but I just didn't dare to speak.

"

Xuanzong was moved by his words and thought that he was really a loyal and patriotic minister. On the contrary, he was dissatisfied with Shi Zhida and gradually alienated him. In this way, Li Linfu relied on this special " "Skills", he served as prime minister for nineteen years.

Later, when Sima Guang compiled "Zi Zhi Tong Jian", he commented on Li Linfu and pointed out that he was a man who spoke sweetly and kept a sword, which was very realistic. < /p>

Feel at home

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07/10/2003/14:27 Huaxia Jingwei.com

Explanation: When guests come here, they feel like they are at home. It describes that the host treats guests warmly and thoughtfully, and the guests feel satisfied.

< p> This idiom comes from "Zuo Zhuan. The Thirty-One Years of Xianggong". It feels like home, not afraid of disasters, not afraid of bandits, and not suffering from dampness.

Zichan, that is, Gongsun Qiao, is the Spring and Autumn Period. At that time, the official of the Zheng State had served as the prime minister of the Zheng State for many years and was in charge of the Zheng State. In 542 BC, Zichan visited the Jin State on the order of Zheng Jiangong and brought many gifts. When Duke Xiang of Lu passed away, Duke Ping of Jin did not greet Zheng's envoys on the pretext of mourning the death of Lu. So Zichan ordered the people accompanying him to tear down the walls of Jin's guesthouse, then rush into the carriages and place the items.

Duke Ping of Jin was shocked when he heard the news, and sent the official Shi Wenbo to the hotel to question Zichan. Shi Wenbo said: "Our country is the leader of the princes, and many officials from the princes come to court to prevent thieves. To ensure the safety of guests, this hotel was specially built with thick walls. Now that you have demolished the wall, what will happen to the safety of other princes and guests? The king of our country wants to know what your intention is in tearing down the wall. "

Zichan replied: "We, the State of Zheng, are a small country and need to pay tribute to the big countries. This time we came to court with the property we collected from our own country, but it happened that your monarch was unavailable. We could neither see him nor know the date of his visit. I heard that when Duke Wen of Jin was the leader of the alliance, the palace he lived in was small, but the hotel where he received the princes was built high and large. When guests arrive, everyone is taken care of and gifts can be presented quickly. He shares the same love with his guests. If you don't understand, he will teach you. If you have difficulties, he will help. When guests come here, they feel like they are back at home. However, the palaces in Tongxie Mountain of Jin State now have several miles of ground, but the rooms where guests from the princes live are slaves' houses. There was no way to get a car through the door, and there was no exact date for the interview. We cannot climb over the wall to get in. If we do not tear down the wall and let these gifts be exposed to the sun and dew, it will be our sin. If we were given a gift, we would be willing to repair the wall and go back. ”

Shi Wenbo reported the situation to Duke Ping of Jin. Duke Ping felt ashamed and immediately met with Zichan, held a grand banquet, received generous rewards, and ordered the hotel to be rebuilt.

The corpse was served as a vegetarian meal.

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08/14/2003/ 11:04 Huaxia Jingwei.com

Shiyin Shi is a representative of the gods in ancient rituals who sit upright and look at each other without having to make any movements

There is a saying in "Book of Books". Said: "Taikang corpse position" "The corpse position originated from this, and is used to describe a person who has a position but no work to do, just like the corpse in the ceremony, which only sits on the position and does not need to do any movements.

"Vegetarian meal" also comes from the Book of Songs: "That gentleman is here, and he does not eat vegetarian food." Later generations used "vegetarian meal" to describe people who have no merit and salary. The combination of "corpse position" and "vegetarian meal" into an idiom should be said to come from the "Book of Han", because the "Zhu Yun Zhuan" of the book contains: "Now the ministers of the imperial court cannot help the master, and they will die if they are killed." To benefit the people, all corpses have a vegetarian meal.” The meaning of the entire idiom is the same as the corpse position and vegetarian meals mentioned above. In this way, we need to study the origin of the idiom, and we should also know in detail the origin of the separation and combination of this idiom.

Generally, redundant employees in agencies, societies, and shops, who only know how to receive their salary on schedule every month based on personnel or other special relationships, eat, drink, and sit around every day without doing any work. This kind of person can It is said to be a "vegetarian meal in corpse position". In addition, generally people with poor working ability, although they have done their best to serve, can always do things poorly and have no achievements to speak of. Such people can maintain their positions not by relying on their own abilities, but by borrowing There is a special relationship, so it can also be said that "the corpse is a vegetarian meal". Another example is when a person tells a friend that he originally had no skills, but he was lucky enough to be taken care of by his proprietor and that his life was settled, but he was "living a dead meal" and felt a little guilty in his conscience. Saying this is a very appropriate and modest statement.