What detours have been taken during the initial construction of the road to socialist construction?
1. The "Great Leap Forward" movement refers to the ultra-leftist movement carried out nationwide by the Communist Party of China from 1958 to 1960. It was launched during the Eighth Congress of the Communist Party of China. The Third Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and subsequent continuation of the erroneous criticism of the 1956 anti-advocacy campaign was the product of the "Left" tendency to advance.
2. The "Cultural Revolution" was launched and led by Comrade Mao Zedong. His starting point for launching this "great revolution" was to prevent the restoration of capitalism, maintain the purity of the party, and seek China's own path to building socialism. But his miscalculation of the political situation of the party and the country at that time had developed to a very serious extent.
He believes that revisionism has emerged in the Party Central Committee and the party and the country are facing the real danger of capitalist restoration. Only by taking decisive measures to mobilize the masses openly, comprehensively and from the bottom up can the party's corruption be exposed. and the dark side of national life, to take back the power that was allegedly usurped by the capitalist roaders. The reason why this "Great Revolution" is called "culture" is because it was triggered by "criticism" in the cultural field.
3. People’s Communeization is a rural people’s commune movement. It was a major decision made by our party to explore the path of socialist construction in China during the comprehensive development of socialist construction in the late 1950s. There are pros and cons.
Extended information
The tortuous development of socialist economic construction (1956-1976)
1. The Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China - Successful Exploration
Content: First, the main contradiction: the contradiction between the people's growing material and cultural needs and backward productivity; second, the main task: concentrate on transforming our country from a backward agricultural country into an advanced industrial country as soon as possible.
Evaluation: It was a successful exploration of socialist construction, but it failed to persist in practice.
2. The proliferation of "Left" leanings - serious mistakes
Performance: the general line, the "Great Leap Forward" and the People's Commune movement started in 1958. Reasons: eager for success and eager to change the backward situation; no experience in economic construction; Mao Zedong and other central leaders were "left" and aggressive, exaggerating people's subjective initiative.
Results: Economic imbalance, environmental damage, and frustration of farmers' enthusiasm are the main reasons for the three years of economic difficulties.
3. The "eight-character" policy - adjustment and recovery
In the winter of 1960, the policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement" was put forward. At the end of 1962, the economic situation improved.
4. "Cultural Revolution" - serious damage
Essence: "Left" errors developed into the consequences of class struggle as the key link. Impact: The national economy is basically paralyzed and facing collapse; people's living standards have been hovering at a low level for a long time.