synoptic scale

Ye Duzheng, male, was born in Tianjin in February, 2006, and received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 10. Meteorologist, academician of China Academy of Sciences; He has been a researcher and director of the research office of Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, a researcher and director of Institute of Atmospheric Physics, and vice president of China Academy of Sciences. He is currently a special consultant of China Academy of Sciences and an honorary director of lasg; Honorary member of American Meteorological Society; Member of the Royal Meteorological Society; Foreign academician of Finnish Academy of Sciences; He holds important positions in many international and domestic academic organizations.

The main scientific and technological achievements of Academician Ye Duzheng are as follows:

(1) Qinghai-Tibet Plateau initiated meteorology. Ye Duzheng first discovered that the southern branch jet and the northern branch jet around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and their confluence became the most powerful jet in the northern hemisphere, which seriously affected the weather and climate in East Asia. He and Floan, a foreign climatologist, respectively pointed out that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a huge heat source of the atmosphere in summer, and Ye Duzheng pointed out for the first time that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a cold source in winter. At the same time, he also deeply studied the heat source of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in summer and its influence on the atmospheric circulation in East Asia. Because of his research work, the concept of thermal action of large terrain has been accepted internationally, which laid a scientific foundation for the establishment of meteorology on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

(2) Establish the theory of atmospheric long-wave energy dispersion. The energy dispersion theory of atmospheric plane Rossby wave is put forward, which proves theoretically that the energy in the westerly circulation can propagate downstream (or upstream) at a group velocity much greater than the wind speed, and provides a theoretical basis for the prediction of modern atmospheric long waves. At the same time, the generation, maintenance and movement of blocking high-pressure weather system are explained dynamically. After 365,438+0 years, this theory was extended by B.Hoskins' "Great Circle Theory" and became a theoretical explanation of teleconnection and teleconnection.

(3) Establish the theory of general circulation and seasonal mutation in East Asia. Ye Duzheng and Tao Shiyan found that the circulation in East Asia and North America changes sharply in the transitional season (June and 10), which is of great significance to the weather forecast in China. They also found that the establishment and collapse of blocking situation are often accompanied by strong changes in large-scale circulation situation, and its long-term maintenance will bring large-scale climate anomalies, thus proving the importance of blocking high in continuous abnormal weather forecast. These findings and theories have become important documents for the study of meteorological problems in East Asia, and laid an important foundation for the weather forecast in China. After 10 years, due to the extremely cold weather in North America in the winter of 1976, foreign scholars began to put forward various system theories and formed important research directions.

(4) Establish the adaptive scale theory of atmospheric motion. Whether atmospheric circulation is dominated by pressure field or wind field is a long-standing debate in academic circles, and it is also one of the keys to weather forecast. Ye Duzheng and others established the theory of adaptive scale of atmospheric motion through a series of works: motions with different spatial scales have characteristic scales, and when the spatial scale of actual motion is greater than this characteristic scale, the pressure field plays a leading role; When the spatial scale of motion is smaller than the characteristic scale, the wind field plays a leading role; Small and medium-scale atmospheric movements also have adaptation problems. This original theory perfects the physical explanation of the interaction process of various components of atmospheric motion and has important applications in weather forecasting.

(5) Opening up new fields of global change science. In the late 1970s and 1980s, Ye Duzheng actively organized and led China to carry out climate change research. He actively participated in the establishment of the Global Change Science Organization (IGBP), and played an important role, contributing a series of scientific ideas, such as: the sensitivity of the transition zone between climate and vegetation, the role of atmospheric chemistry in global change, and the adaptation of "orderly human activities" to global change. After simulation, he pointed out that large-scale irrigation can affect climate and hydrology for 3-6 months, thus proving the possibility of human activities affecting climate (known as "land memory").

(6) Make outstanding contributions to the development of modern meteorology in China. Ye Duzheng's theoretical research results have played an important role in improving the meteorological service level, and some of them are still playing a role today. For example, the theory of atmospheric long-wave energy dispersion, commonly known as "upstream effect" in business weather forecast; The formation and maintenance theory of blocking high pressure has always been an important theoretical basis for continuous abnormal weather forecast. The meteorological theory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is not only one of the important foundations of weather forecast, but also the main foundation of climate forecast in China meteorological service. The adaptive scale theory of atmospheric motion wind field and pressure field is still one of the main theoretical foundations of weather analysis and forecast. In addition, he also actively participated in and guided the construction of meteorological operational system in China, and made substantial contributions to the establishment of "Meteorological Center", "Climate Center" and "Information Center" of China Meteorological Bureau.

Ye Duzheng's scientific contributions have been unanimously recognized at home and abroad, and he has also won many honors, including: the first prize of the National Natural Science Award; He Liang Li Hao Foundation Science and Technology Achievement Award; Chen Jiageng Earth Science Prize; The highest award of the World Meteorological Organization-the 48th IMO Award, etc. When awarding the Ye Duzheng Prize, the World Meteorological Organization confirmed that Ye Duzheng won the prize for the following reasons: establishing meteorology on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; The discovery of abrupt changes in atmospheric circulation; The theory of atmospheric energy diffusion is put forward. Advocate the study of global changes related to sustainable development, and make orderly human activities adapt to the impact of global changes.