Introduction of Historical Figures in Tang Dynasty —— Fang
Fang was a famous lover and outstanding counselor in the early Tang Dynasty, and was one of the main founders of "Zhenguan rule" in the Tang Dynasty. He is a pure Confucian scholar, born in "scholarly family", and has followed the King of Qin for ten years. A well-educated man who was "innocent from his father" all his life assisted Emperor Taizong as the first butcher for 20 years. Only with outstanding intelligence, outstanding achievements and outstanding status. But he makes good use of his talents, is sensitive, cautious and humble, and often makes way for others. "All the stars hold the moon hidden and flat, and the night sky is bright and bright" is a praise for his unique style as a famous minister and good face. As an elegant scholar, he has an example to learn from; As a generation of ministers, he is a hero.
Fang was a famous figure in the early Tang Dynasty and a founding hero of the Tang Dynasty. Name Joe, the word Ling Xuan (name Ling Xuan, the word Joe). A native of Linzi, Jizhou (now northeast of Zibo). Smart since childhood, well-read, diligent and bureaucratic, good at writing. During the Zhenguan period, he assisted Li Shimin in selecting talents, approving laws and governing the world, which won the appreciation of Emperor Taizong. Fang is proficient in classical literature. /kloc-when he was 0/8 years old, he was a scholar in this state, and was successively awarded the posts of Ji and Ji. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, Tang gaozu led the troops into the customs, and Ling Xuan went to Li Shimin in Weibei, and repeatedly went out from the king of Qin. He was appointed Qin's secretary. Every time he settled down in a place, others scrambled for treasures, but he first searched for talents for the shogunate of the king of Qin. He and Du Ruhui are the most effective counselors of the King of Qin. In the 9th year of Tang Wude (626), he participated in planning the change of Xuanwu Gate, and won the first prize together with Du Ruhui, Wuji and Hehou. Emperor Taizong Li Shimin acceded to the throne and appointed Ling Xuan as the secretariat. Later generations regarded him and Du Ruhui as models of looks, collectively referred to as "the plot of family destruction". In February of the third year of Zhenguan (629), he was the left servant of Shangshu and supervised the revision of national history. In the eleventh year, Liang Guogong was sealed. On an equal footing with Du Ruhui and Wei Zhi, he was an important assistant of Emperor Taizong. In July of 16th year, he was still in charge of state affairs. He was rewritten in the Book of Jin by the imperial edict. When Taizong levied Koguryo, he stayed in the capital. Died in 22 years.
Fang is an outstanding doer. Through his efforts, he recommended some advanced-and improved the basic administrative system. After he became prime minister, he first cut a lot of redundant staff. Emperor Taizong once said, "Officials have people, but not many people." "If you get benefits, although less is enough; Those who are not good are also ridiculous. " According to the imperial edict of Emperor Taizong, Fang made a large number of cuts to the on-the-job personnel in the early years of Zhenguan, and finally approved 646 civil and military personnel. A large number of local administrative agencies have also been laid off and merged. According to geographical division, there are ten roads and more than 300 volumes in the country. This was a major national reform in the early years of Zhenguan. Fang Lingxuan not only decisively laid off a large number of redundant staff, but also was good at appointing people on their merits and selecting talents. As early as in Qin Gong, Fang Lingxuan found that Du Ruhui was intelligent and knowledgeable, and had the ability to assist the king. He recommended to Li Shimin, the king of Qin: "If you want to run Sifang, you must be this person." From then on, Li Shimin began to reuse Du Ruhui. From then on, Du Ruhui assisted Taizong, made contributions, and became a wise man on par with Fang. Fang Lingxuan didn't choose talents for the people. Sean was a poor man, "simple and humble, taking agriculture as his profession", but he was "romantic and generous" and resourceful. He was recommended by the party, promoted to the position of minister of punishments, and participated in state affairs. However, Sean lacks courage and talent as a general. Fang only takes advantage of his strengths and does not "ask for help".
If it is appointed by Emperor Taizong and considered inappropriate, it is not necessary. In the twenty-first year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong wanted to make Li Jue a history, and wanted to listen to his opinions. Party "but Li Wei is a moustache, and there is nothing to say." Emperor Taizong understood Fang's meaning and changed his mind. Li Jue was appointed as the secretariat of Luozhou. It is of great practical significance for the consolidation and development of politics and economy in Tang Dynasty to select outstanding talents and eliminate redundant staff, which is an important reason for the emergence of "chastity rule".
During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, Liang Gong was the seal, and he was appointed as the secretary of the Central Committee and the assistant minister of Shangshu. He has been in charge of government affairs for 20 years. Participating in the formulation of laws and regulations made the laws of the Tang Dynasty more relaxed and complete than those of the previous dynasties, and laid the oldest and most complete feudal criminal code in China, which had a great influence on later generations. Supervise the revision of national history and compile Twenty-four History of the Book of Jin. With Wei Zhi-Tang Li; Adjusting 0 institutions and their provincial and central governments-this is the first step in good governance; Good at employing people, Dont Ask For Help, not seeking dignity, appointing people on their merits; Abide by your duties and take no credit. Later generations regard him and Du Ruhui as models of good looks. For example, "Old Tang Book" praised: "The text contains longitude and latitude, which is a deep supplement. The sound is homophonic, only the room and Du. " Because Ling Xuan is good at planning, such as making decisions, he is called "the accumulation of houses" in history.
Fang-Fang, a founding hero, went to Beijing with his father when he was a teenager. At that time, Emperor Wendi was in power and the world was at peace. However, in his later years, Fang made a detailed analysis of the world and told his father privately: "Emperor Yangdi had no merit, but only confused the people. Moreover, he is not a long-term solution for the country. All the scholars are indifferent to each other, but they are extravagant and will eventually destroy each other. Now this country is peaceful, but the day of its demise is waiting. " At the age of 18, he was promoted to Jinshi in this state and was named Feather Rider. Due to his father's serious illness all the year round, Fang has been waiting for him and is extremely filial. Only when the soldiers crossed the Weibei River can they avoid the military gate. As soon as they hit it off, like old friends in life, they were immediately asked to join the army as clerks. In order to repay the kindness, Fang made every effort to plan the military and political affairs. Every time the separatist forces were defeated, everyone in the army tried their best to find treasures and foreign objects, but Fang visited Yingjie people everywhere and recommended them to the king of Qin. Therefore, the adviser was very grateful for Fang's recommendation and served with all his heart in the general's mansion.
Fang has been in charge of military affairs in Qin Gong for more than ten years. Besides, he has been stationed in Ma Licheng, and the text is reasonable, and there is no draft. Emperor gaozu Li Yuan also appreciated Fang Lingxuan very much and said to his courtiers, "This man is proficient in tactics and is worthy of appointment. Every time I do something for my son (Shimin), I will be touched by my heart. Thousands of miles away, I still have face to see. " Later, Prince Li was demoted to Qin, and Fang and Du Ruhui were also demoted. On the eve of the "Xuanwumen Change", Li Shimin secretly summoned two people to enter the cabinet disguised as Taoist priests, and finally praised the plan. In the first year of Zhenguan, the official worshipped the secretariat order. -As a reward, Emperor Taizong took Fang, Wuji, Du Ruhui and Hou as the first class and was promoted to the Duke of Xingguo. Li Shimin's cousin Li Shentong refused to accept, saying, "When the volunteers set out, I arrived with my troops first. Now Fang Lingxuan, Du Ruhui and other knife and pencil collectors (this uncle dare not mention Sun Chang Wuji because he is the brother-in-law of Taizong; Dare not mention and Hou, both of them are military commanders, and the face of your old boxing brother is not immune. On the contrary, he ranked first and the minister was dissatisfied. " Li Shimin was also impolite, and retorted in court: "Everyone has his own interests. Uncle, although you came with troops, you are afraid of being killed by the whole company because of the disaster. You have never fought in person. Against Dou Jiande, you completely lost (and captured, Jiande Rende didn't kill him. Li Shimin didn't find his face); Then Liu Heita got up and you ran away. Now-reward, and others strategize, stabilize the country and attack Xiao He. Although there is no sweat, they can lead with great plans. Uncle, your country's closest relative, I don't hesitate to reward you, but I can't enjoy it with the heroes because of my affair! " In a word, this uncle, who has suffered many defeats and wars, is ashamed to step down, which makes him lose face.
In the second year of Zhenguan, Fang changed the country name to Wei Guogong, served as the official of Shangshu, and supervised the revision of national history. Fang devoted herself to sleep at night. In addition, he is a well-informed official, with lenient laws, meritocracy and no care about meanness. Critics call him a good man. He has been a prime minister for fifteen years. His daughter is Princess Han, and his son's last love will be Princess Gaoyang. He is extremely noble, but he often feels inferior and dare not show off his pride. In the eighteenth year of Zhenguan, he personally expedition to Korea in Liaodong and ordered Fang to stay in Beijing. In the twenty-third year of Zhenguan, Fang's old illness recurred. At that time, Li Shimin was in Yuhua Palace. When he heard the news, he ordered others to carry Fang to the throne with their shoulders. When they met, they burst into tears and choked. Emperor Taizong ordered medical treatment for his wife and provided Fang with royal meals every day. Emperor Taizong was beaming when he heard that his illness had improved. Hearing that his illness was getting worse, Emperor Taizong immediately looked sad. On his deathbed, Fang said to the philosophers, "Now the world is at peace, but the emperor's insistence on pursuing North Korea is a national disaster. I am not ashamed of my Lord's anger. If I don't say anything, I will die with hatred. " So he protested in the above table, demanding that Emperor Taizong put the world first and stop cutting Korea. Emperor Taizong looked at his watch. Princess Gaoyang, the other daughter-in-law, said, "This man is dying, and it is really rare to worry about our country." On his deathbed, Li Shimin shook hands with his deathbed and made his son Fang Yi the right-back corps commander and Fang Yi the third doctor, so that he could see his two sons' dignitaries when he was alive. Fang Lingxuan will laugh when he dies. When he died at the age of 70, it was a year of joy and loss. Taizong abandoned the court for three days and gave it to Qiu, saying that he was buried with Zhaoling.
Fang has always warned his sons not to bully others with a superior eye and not to be arrogant and extravagant, and collected the commandments of ancient and modern sages, wrote them on the screen and distributed them to all heirs, saying, "If you can pay attention to the above, it will be enough to protect yourself and become famous." The eldest son's room was inherited by immediate successor, who was a big official in the history of does in the early years of Emperor Gaozong. When Emperor Taizong was alive, the legacy of his second son as a son-in-law was very different from that of other royal sons-in-law, because his wife Princess Gaoyang was particularly fond of him and his gifts were different from those of his husbands. Princess Gaoyang is arrogant. After Emperor Gaozong succeeded to the throne, she wanted her husband to inherit the title of Duke, so she wrongly accused him of being rude to herself (I don't know if he was flirting with her or disrespecting her). The emperor really attached great importance to it and asked my uncle to try Qu Wuji's case. All of a sudden, Princess Gaoyang and Fang tried to rebel. It's a pity that Fang was loyal to the whole life, and the family was finally tired by this vicious woman. The princess gave up on herself, and the palace left her love to punish her. Scholars were sent to Lingnan as criminals (golden branches and jade leaves, and from then on they became aborigines who spoke bird language). Thanks to his father's efforts, Fang Yi was finally saved from death and Shu Ren's name was cancelled.
Fang-people's comments on each other Later historians always put Fang in the first place when commenting on the prime ministers of the Tang Dynasty, and always said, "The sages of the Tang Dynasty came before them, followed by Yao and Song." -Liu Fang sighed: "Fang assisted Taizong to settle the world and end up. Thirty-two years, the world title Xianxiang. However, there is no trace to be found, and Germany is coming. Therefore, Taizong set a disaster and Fang Lingxuan did not say his own merits; Wang Jue and Wei Zhengshan remonstrated, and Fang Lingxuan praised his sages; Li Jingshan will be a soldier before going his own way; Make the world omnipotent * * * auxiliary Taizong square profile, so peace, good return to its master, phase also! Although Fang holds an important position, he is not arrogant. He started from the beginning to the end, so he has the name of a wise man! " Liu Fang's comments are just right. When Sima Guang and Ouyang Xiu later wrote this historical review, they all copied the full text. In the eleventh year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty (1498), a couplet was inscribed in the upper left corner of Ling Xuan's portrait: "The emperor's contribution is the first, and the legacy is faithful to heaven." It is also a good annotation.
Pi Rixiu, a litterateur in the Tang Dynasty, assisted Fang and Du Ruhui in his early years for the purpose of making meritorious deeds. He said generously in "Seven Love Poems". Du Fang and two Guo Xiang ":
I love my family, I love Du Fu, and I am poor. In troubled times, the scepter belongs to God.
Master mathematics in vertical and horizontal directions and control the affairs of the world. Dirty and invincible, aboveboard.
Beauty is a famous public official, but it is true that she was slaughtered. In the thirty years of Huangge, the breeze will stay forever.
A big industry in the history of the country, Daxun Town, Wang Fu. Later, it was circulated to later generations, and it has been circulated by Tao Zhu to this day.
Guangdong and my country are less ambitious and dare to go there. If you are at the same time, you are willing to hold the whip.
There were five generations and three prime ministers in the Tang Dynasty. Linzi is the official Taizong of Fang, a native of Luoyang, Henan Province, with two sons, Fang Yi and Su Xuan. At this time, the Fang family was extremely brilliant. Yanzhou Fang, the prime minister in the later Tang Dynasty, was his seventh grandson, and Fang Lai (Wang Lai), a university student in the Southern Song Dynasty, was his fifteenth grandson.
Fang is a native of Linzi, the original text of Fang Zhuan in Tang Dynasty. Young, smart, knowledgeable, hardworking and good at writing. In eighteen years, Zhou was promoted to Jinshi and awarded Yu Qiwei. Father's illness lasted for ten years, and Ling Xuan devoted himself to medicated diet and never took off his clothes. When Emperor Taizong fled Weibei, Ling Xuan's aides decided to visit the military gate. As soon as Emperor Taizong saw it, he joined the army in the marching room of Weibei Road, just like an old acquaintance. When Ling Xuan met his bosom friend, he exhausted his heart and knew everything. Every time thieves and robbers fight for treasure, Ling Xuan takes the characters first, which leads to the shogunate. In Athens, there are counselors, and they all lurk fast knots and do their best. Ling Xuan has worked in the Qin government for more than ten years. He has been in charge of account books, and every army has typed account books and watches. He was stationed in Ma Licheng. At first, he had no manuscripts. Gaozu tasted the courtier and said, "This man is well-informed and worthy of appointment. Every time I do something for my son, I will understand people thousands of miles away, and I will still talk to them. " The hidden prince was kissed by Emperor Taizong Ling Xuan and Ruhui, which was very evil. Blame it on Gao zu, who was so unlucky. Prince Yin will also change. Emperor Taizong ordered Sun Chang Wuji to call Ling Xuan and Tathagata, and ordered the Taoist priests to take clothes and sneak into the cabinet to plan things. Emperor Taizong entered the DPRK, worshiped the son of heaven as a prince, and gave five thousand silks. In the first year of Zhenguan, Xiao Yu was appointed as the secretariat. -reward, with Sun Chang Wuji, Du Ruhui, Hou as the first, into the Xingguo father-in-law, giving the real seal to 1,300 households. For three years, I worshipped the Prince, refused to accept it, took photos of Prince Zhan, and served as the minister of rites. Next year, he will replace Sun Chang Wuji as the official of Shangshu, change the title of Duke Wei and supervise the revision of national history. Since it is the competent department, it is sincere and respectful at night and spares no effort. I don't want to lose everything. There is.
Mingda officials, decorations, and examination and approval regulations are intended to be lenient. Don't try to prepare for others, don't take advantage of yourself, collect stories as much as possible, don't be humble. Critics call it nice. Gao Zongju-plus Prince Ling Xuan, a teacher, knows how to save trouble and supervise the history of the country as before. Ask to write A Record of Emperor Taizong of the Emperor Gaozu, which is beautifully praised and given 1500 paragraph. That year, Xuan Lingding's stepmother worried about leaving her job and gave her a burial place in Zhaoling. A few days later, my official was reinstated. Emperor Taizong personally levied Liaodong, ordered Ling Xuan to stay in the capital, and said in his hand, "When I was in Xiao He, I took care of the west." Military equipment, soldiers' food, and ordered punishment were sent. Ling Xuan has repeatedly said that we should not underestimate the enemy, and it is particularly appropriate to be cautious. Looking for the assistant minister of Zhongshu, Chu Suiliang, was rewritten in the Book of Jin. Twenty-three years, driving fortunately Yuhua Palace, when Ling Xuan was ill, the imperial edict remained in Taiwan. And gradually, chase to the palace, drive into the temple, and ascend to the throne. Emperor Taizong shed tears for this, and Ling Xuan also felt that he could not win by swallowing. Send a famous doctor to see a doctor, and still eat royal meals every day. If it is slightly damaged, Taizong is happy to see its color; If you hear about the play, it will be very sad to make a makeover. After illness, I played a lot, digging the garden wall to open the door, and sending envoys to wait for questions. Face to face again, shake hands and say goodbye, I am heartbroken. The crown prince also told it. Xun Qi, 70 years old. Abolish the DPRK for three days. Fang Qiao, Ling Xuan, was born in Linzi, qi zhou. When I was a child, I was smart and read classics and history books extensively. He is good at cursive script and official script and is good at writing articles. At the age of eighteen, he was elected as a scholar by the state, and Yu Qiwei was awarded an official position by the court. Father's illness lasted for ten months. Ling Xuan's mind was focused on his father's medication and diet. He never took off his clothes and could not sleep well.
Emperor Taizong seized the land north of Weihe River, and Ling Xuan rode to the military gate to inquire. As soon as Emperor Taizong saw him, like an old friend, he asked him to join the army as an agent in the marching room of Weibei Road. Ling Xuan met her bosom friend and exhausted all her efforts. There is nothing he knows that he doesn't do at once. Every time the bandits are put down, everyone rushes to find treasures and antiques. Only Ling Xuan first accepted outstanding figures and placed them in the shogunate. When there are counselors, they all secretly agree and express their willingness to do their best for Taizong. Ling Xuan spent more than ten years in the Qin Palace in Li Shimin, and was often responsible for managing official documents. Whenever he writes a military book and plays the throne, he can dismount at once. The words are concise and rich in meaning. First of all, there is no draft. Gaozu once said to his courtiers, "This man knows the opportunity deeply and can be entrusted with a heavy responsibility. Whenever I speak for my son, I will certainly understand people's psychology. Just like talking to each other thousands of miles away. " Li is a hidden prince. He hates being close to Ruhui and Taizong and speaking ill of them in front of Gaozu, so he was expelled with Ruhui. When Prince Yin (posthumous title of Prince Li) was about to launch a mutiny, Emperor Taizong ordered Wuji to call He Ruhui, told them to put on their robes and secretly brought them into the cabinet to discuss important matters. Taizong was made a prince, Ling Xuan was promoted to the right bastard of the prince, and five thousand silks were given. In the first year of Zhenguan, Ling Xuan took Xiao Yu as the secretariat. Emperor Taizong-reward, Ling Xuan, Sun Chang Wuji, Du Ruhui, and Hou for the first class, Xingguo liters for the knighthood, given the real seal 1300 households. In the third year of Zhenguan, he was appointed as Prince Shao Shi. He resolutely refused to accept it, acting as the agent of Prince Zhan and concurrently serving as the minister of rites.
In the second year, Zuo Bu represented Sun Chang Wuji, made a move for Shangshu, changed the title of Wei Guogong, and edited the national history. Since I became the Chief Superintendent, I have devoted myself day and night, and I don't want everyone to lose their due position. I am as happy to hear the advantages of others as I am to have them. He is sensible and proficient in administrative affairs, and corrects them with literature and classics. He reviewed and revised the law for the purpose of tolerance and stability. He doesn't choose people for perfection, he doesn't ask others for his own strengths, he looks at his own talents, and he doesn't exclude others because of their humble status. Everyone who talks about him praises him as a good man. When he became a prince, Jia became the prince's teacher, still presiding over provincial affairs and supervising the compilation of national history. Soon after, he was commended by the book for writing A Record of the Great Emperor Taizong, and was given a paragraph of 1500. This year, Ling Xuan left his post due to the death of his stepmother, and the court specially left him a cemetery in Zhaoling. Soon, he returned to his official position. When Emperor Taizong personally levied Liaodong, he ordered Ling Xuan to stay in the capital and wrote a letter in his own hand, saying, "You shoulder the heavy responsibility like Xiao He, so I have no worries." The weapons of the army and the food of the soldiers were given to him for handling and dispatching. Ling Xuan said many times, don't underestimate your enemies, especially be alert and careful. Soon, assistant minister Chu Suiliang was ordered to rewrite the Book of Jin. In the twenty-third year of Zhenguan, the emperor visited Yuhua Palace. At that time, Ling Xuan had a relapse, and the emperor ordered him to sleep at the main station. When he was seriously ill, Ling Xuan chased him to Yuhua Palace, took a sedan chair into the temple, and got off the sedan chair near the emperor's throne. Emperor Taizong wept at him, and Ling Xuan was too sad to control himself. Send to a famous doctor for treatment. Take charge of the emperor's meals-provide him with royal meals every day. If his illness can be slightly relieved, Taizong will be happy to show his face; If you hear that your illness is getting worse, you will become sad. After his illness worsened, he opened the door by cutting open the palace wall and sent eunuchs to meet him many times. The emperor came in person again, shaking hands and saying goodbye, which was unbearable; The crown prince also went to say goodbye to him. He died soon after he was 70. The court will not sit for three days.
Liu Fang, the original text of Zi Tongzhi Ji Jiantang XV, said: Zuo Taizong gathers the world and ends up with it. Every 32 years, the world number is the sage phase; However, there is no trace to be found, and Germany is coming. Therefore, Emperor Taizong decided to make trouble, and Du (1) did not talk about merit; Wang ② and Wei ③ gave way to remonstrance, while Du Ren was the sage; English (4) and Wei (5) are good at making soldiers and generals, and Du deals with a man as he deals with you, leading to peace and returning things to their original owners. For Tang Zongchen, it is perfect! (Zi Zhi Tong Jian Ji Tang XV) Note 1 Du Ruhui. ② Wang Gui. ③ Wei Zhi. ④ Li Shiji ⑤ Li Jing.
Liu Fang said: Ling Xuan helped Taizong pacify the world and died in the position of prime minister for 32 years. Everyone in the world called him a saint. But I can't describe his greatness, and his virtue can be said to be quite profound. Therefore, Emperor Taizong put down foreign invasion and civil strife, while Fang and Du Ruhui did not talk about their own merits and demerits. Wei Zhi remonstrated, Fang and Du Ruhui remonstrated. Li Shiji and Li Jing are good at governing the people, and Fang and Du Ruhui adopted their opinions, bringing politics to peace, but putting goodness to the monarch. It is appropriate to say that they are ministers of the Tang imperial clan.
Fang-without the contribution of "anti-Sui", Fang would be a small county magistrate and still be the nephew of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty. Between them, like the cornerstone and spire of the pyramid, it is out of reach. At that time, there were only three kinds of social elites: Jiangnan Chinese in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Shandong gentry in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and Guanlong military aristocratic group in Guanzhong, Shaanxi and Longxi, Gansu. The 300-year war in the Northern and Southern Dynasties achieved the unification of the Sui Dynasty for 30 years, and the Guanlong Group won the world, which also made them break away from the strength of the gentry in southern Shandong. In the short history of the Sui Dynasty, Fang Fang, as the core figures of "Shandong gentry" and "Guanlong Group", was at opposite ends. However, Fang is a brilliant doctor, so he doesn't need to feel the pulse, and he also knows that 30 years of reunification will soon be aborted in the Central Plains. He took his time and simply spent the first 40 years of his life making friends with literati in the south of Shandong Province. So, when Fang came, the Central Plains trembled slightly.
Fang lingxuan
A scroll is hidden, and a martial art begins to stand up; One is slow fever, and the other is boiling blood; One is like water, the other is like a mountain. Fang Lingxuan, an old man and a young man, just met each other. His subtle and antagonistic family background and temperament just complement each other and deeply attract each other. Experienced Fang, from the young body, saw the powerful advantages and unshakable strength of Guanlong Group. He smiled gently and politely, and devoted all his accumulated talents and activity energy for decades to people who can be their own sons at the age of Guan Long Li Jia.
Brilliant from Fang saw Lunan's huge "think tank". He soon regarded Fang as a confidant, gave him the central responsibility of "drafting a campaign", and then gave him the important task of recruiting cremation talents in an inhuman way. From then on, not Fang came, but the whole Shandong cremation and Jiangnan Chinese came to the powerful side of Guanlong. The coming world needs someone to govern, and Li Tang finally unified the Central Plains.
Fang Lingxuan-Personality Influence
The temper of the monarch and his subjects finally became a harmonious "resultant force" in the gentle and wise hands. But Fang, the "good guy", has more skills. He has amazing efficiency and practical ability. Wei Zhi and others formulated major policies through argument, while Fang took a group of practical talents selected by him to realize the grand plan of chastity.
In the Zhenguan era, all the imperial court-only 643 people, but Fang became prime minister for 22 years-except for his death in the last year of Zhenguan-always handled complex daily administrative affairs day after day, which made a highly streamlined administrative organization play a powerful role and supported the overall situation of Zhenguan governance. So much so that Li Shimin sometimes complains that he is too meticulous, and warns that as a prime minister, he should only take care of big things and leave those small things to his subordinates. But Fang continues to "go his own way" and "obscene". At that time, among the ministries under the jurisdiction of Shangshu Province, the most complicated and despised by scholars was the "multi-disciplinary department" that managed the financial budget and accounts. At one time, no one was willing to take on his duties. Fang was respected by the prime minister and was appointed as "the physician" to personally guard the treasury of the Tang Dynasty.
Fang's 22-year efforts in TV dramas deserve to be recorded at the top of Fang's life achievements, compared with his early years of helping to fight in the world and decisive battle in Xuanwumen. As later historians recognized, as a prime minister, he made great contributions to the founding of the country, but he never highlighted himself; Both Wang and Wang are famous remonstrators, so he tries his best to give them opportunities. Excavate and Shi Li are good at leading troops, so he will provide logistical support in the rear; Every one-he can let them show their talents incisively and vividly in the Zhenguan era; He didn't have a successful "achievement project", but everyone knows that he is indispensable in this country.
From time to time, I have to criticize and denounce Li Shimin, the emperor of Fang Lingxuan. In fact, I respect the political views of the Prime Minister very much. On one occasion, Li Shimin went by boat to appoint Li Wei as Minister of Finance. At that time, Fang stayed in the capital and invited the capital to come over. -What do you think of this appointment? The bearer replied that the Prime Minister only said that Li Jue had a good beard. Hearing this, Li Shimin immediately appointed Li Wei as the secretariat of Los Angeles. In the 19th year of Zhenguan, Li Shimin made an expedition to Koguryo. Fang stayed in Chang 'an and sent people to the army to report his rebellion. Without saying a word, "cut it" and reprimanded Fang "you should cut it yourself"
Life is doomed to death. Zhenguan twenty-two years, Fang 7 1 year. At that time, he was already an old man who had lived for a long time. The diseases brought by old age are hard to overcome, and Fang's health is getting worse and worse. At this time, for example, the much younger emperor was seriously ill, and that gorgeous life soon consumed his life. Seriously ill, Fang was carried to the temple and placed next to the throne. The monarch and his subjects sat and wept, speechless.
Fang Lingxuan-Jin Shu
The Book of Jin is mainly based on Zang Xurong's Book of Jin, and also selects materials from various old historical books and collections of Jin Dynasty, as well as books such as The Spring and Autumn Annals of Sixteen Countries, Shi Shuo Xin Yu and Search Ji Shen. In biographical history books before the Tang Dynasty, the history of establishing political power of ethnic minorities in China today is mostly classified as biographies, ranking last. In the historical books compiled during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the northern and southern regimes even belittled each other. The Southern Dynasty was called North Rousseau, and the Northern Dynasty was called South Islander. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, various ethnic groups (mainly Xiongnu, Xianbei, Bianyi and Qiang) established political power in the north, northeast, northwest and southwest, namely, Wuliang (former cool, later cool, southern cool, western cool and northern cool), Siyan (former swallow, later swallow, Southern Yan and northern swallow) and Sanqin (former Qin and later Qin). In addition to the former cool and the west cool, the Book of Jin regards their history as an independent part besides biography, which is called a record. The name of the record began when Ban Gu wrote the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, and his book has been handed down all the time. Among the Twenty-four Histories, Historical Records is a unique genre of the Book of Jin, which may be the recorded content of Zang's Book of Jin between discipline and system.
Jin Shu
There are many articles in Biography of the Book of Jin, such as Liu Shichuan's worship theory, Pei Chuan's worship theory, Lu Ji's theory of distinguishing death, and Jiang Tong's theory of moving away from Rong, which are of great help to understand the history at that time.
Fang Lingxuan-Historical Story
The origin of "jealousy"
The Origin of Jealousy is based on the story of Fang and his wife. Emperor gaozu Li Yuan and Emperor Taizong Li Shimin lived in Jinyang for a long time before the war. "Vinegar" became an indispensable condiment in the Tang Palace, and because the emperor liked it, the palace stored a lot. It is said that during the reign of Emperor Taizong, the Prime Minister Fang was famous for his henpecked wife. Although his wife is overbearing, she is very attentive to each other's food, clothing, housing and transportation. She has always been cooking with one hand and won't allow others to interfere. One day, Emperor Taizong invited the founding fathers to a royal banquet. When satiated with food and drink, Fang Lingxuan couldn't stand the ridicule of his colleagues and blew a few words of cowhide that was not afraid of his wife. Emperor Taizong got a little drunk and gave it to Fang two beauties. Fang's boasting after drinking was valued by the emperor, and he accepted two beautiful women. Thinking of his overbearing and meticulous wife, he was so worried that he didn't know what to do. Still frustrated, he said that no matter how fierce his wife was, he dared not give it to the beauty emperor, so Fang carefully brought two beautiful women home. Unexpectedly, Fang's wife flew into a rage when she saw Fang bring back two beautiful young concubines, pointed at Fang, yelled at him, picked up a feather duster and drove the two "beauties" out of the house. Fang saw that something was wrong and had to send the beauty out of the house, which was immediately known to Emperor Taizong and his subjects. Trying to suppress the anger of the Prime Minister's wife, he immediately called out the Prime Minister and his wife. Fang's wife also knew about the disaster and reluctantly followed Fang to see Emperor Taizong. When Emperor Taizong saw them coming, he pointed to two beautiful women and an altar of "poisoned wine" and said, "I won't hold you responsible for violating your purpose. There are two ways for you to choose. One is to get two beautiful women back and live with them, and the other is to eat this altar of "poisoned wine" to avoid being envied by others.
"Know Mrs Strong, afraid of Mrs Drink" wine ",kneeling to intercede. Li Shimin said angrily, "As a prime minister, you disobeyed orders and disobeyed orders. How dare you say more! When Mrs Fang saw water under the bridge and looked at the faces of the two women, she knew that she was old and haggard. "。 Once these two women enter the mansion, sooner or later, she will take the road of disobeying orders. She might as well drink this altar "poisoned wine" heartily rather than die of anger. Before Emperor Taizong urged her again, Mrs. Fang lifted the jar and drank all the poisoned wine. Fang sobbed with his wife, but all the courtiers laughed together. It turned out that the jar was not filled with poisoned wine, but with Jinyang Qingyuan vinegar, which was not poisonous at all. Seeing Mrs. Fang's temper, Emperor Taizong sighed and said, "Mrs. Fang, don't blame me for pushing you like this. You are so jealous. But I would rather die than love my husband, so I take it back. "Mrs. Fang didn't expect that she risked her life to drink" poisoned wine "and got such a result. Although she is very sour, she is very happy. Fang also smiled through tears. Since then, the word "jealousy" has become synonymous with female jealousy. Fang-Fangbei Tang Yonghui was carved in 652, originally standing in front of the tomb in the northeast of Zhaoling Village in Liquan County, and moved to Zhaoling Museum 1975. The decapitation is 385cm high, 136cm wide and 45cm thick. The forehead seal "Tang Wu Zuo servant shot the monument of Liang Guan, the governor." Chu Suiliang wiped the book, thirty-five elements, eighty-one words. There are many words on the upper part of the monument, and the damage on the lower part is particularly serious. Fang was a famous minister in the early Tang Dynasty. Both books of the Tang Dynasty have been circulated. This monument has always been a masterpiece written by Chu Suiliang.
I'm very sorry to interrupt because of the holiday.