Cyprus

Overview of the national conditions of the Republic of Cyprus

Country name: The Republic of Cyprus

(The Republic of Cyprus)

Independence Day: August 16 (1960)

National Day: October 1 (1960)

Flag: rectangular in shape, with a length-to-width ratio of approximately 5: 3. On the white flag ground is a yellow outline of the country's territory, with two crossed green olive branches underneath. White symbolizes purity and hope; yellow represents rich mineral resources, because "Cyprus" means "copper" in Greek, and it is known for its copper production; the olive branch represents peace, symbolizing the two major nationalities of Greece and Turkey in the country's commitment to peace. A spirit of yearning and mutual collaboration.

National emblem: a coat of arms surrounded by green olive branches. On the yellow shield, a white dove of peace spreads its wings and holds a green olive branch. The entire pattern not only expresses the good wishes of the country's two major ethnic groups for peace, but also represents the country's agricultural crop, the olive tree. The year of Cyprus' independence is written "1960" on the lower part of the shield.

Location:

Cyprus is a shining pearl in the northeastern Mediterranean. The coastline of Serbia is 782 kilometers long, 97 kilometers wide from north to south, and 241 kilometers long from east to west. In the middle is the Mesolian Plain, in the south is the Trudos Mountains, and the highest peak, Olympus Peak, is 1,951 meters above sea level. It is the second largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, a strategic hub for transportation between Asia, Africa and Europe, and a place where Eastern and Western cultures blend. The prosperous economy, abundant sunshine, fresh air, charming natural scenery, enthusiastic folk customs and brilliant culture have made her a world-famous tourist attraction.

Leonardo da Vinci, a famous scholar and painter during the Western Renaissance, praised: "The mountains of Cyprus are beautiful and full of fragrance." Because Aphrodite (Venus), the goddess of love and beauty in Greek mythology, was born on the island, it is called the "Island of Love".

Cyprus covers an area of ​​9,251 square kilometers and has a subtropical Mediterranean climate. Daytime temperatures are high, but the sea breeze is gentle and refreshing. Winters are mild and rainy, and very unique natural landscapes often appear.

History:

As early as the Neolithic Age, humans began to thrive on the island. Among the 680,000 residents on the island, they are mainly Greeks (84%), Turkish and Latin (16%). Historically, Cyprus was conquered by Assyria, Egypt and the Persians; it was incorporated into the Roman Empire in 58 BC; it belonged to the Byzantine Empire in 359 AD; it was a British "direct colony" from 1878 to 1960; Cyprus was established on August 16, 1960 The Republic of Cyprus has its capital in Nicosia; it joined the United Nations in September of the same year; since the establishment of diplomatic relations with China in 1971, it has maintained good diplomatic and economic relations with our country; Cyprus has established diplomatic relations with 124 countries. The EU-Cyprus Parliamentary Mixed Committee meeting was held in October 1997; it joined the EU on May 1, 2004 and became one of the members of the international alliance with the strongest comprehensive strength in the world.

Politics:

The Republic of Cyprus implements a presidential cabinet system. The president is the head of state and head of government for a five-year term.

In the presidential election held in February 2003, Papadopoulos won and formed a new multi-party coalition government; the parliament implemented a unicameral House of Representatives system, with members serving five-year terms. The current speaker is the fourth person who has been re-elected. , Spiros Kyprianou, five-term president, currently has 56 members.

The main political parties are: Democratic Party (currently the ruling party), Working People's Progressive Party, Democratic Congress Party, and Socialist Party.

Administrative divisions:

The Republic of Cyprus is mainly divided into six administrative regions: Nicosia, Limassol, Famagusta, Larnaca, Pagoda Foss, Kyrenia. (After 1974, most of Kyrenia, Famagusta and part of Nicosia were controlled by Turkish people). Each administrative region is divided into three levels: city, township and village.

The capital, Nicosia, is the political, cultural and financial center of the country, with a population of about 199,100. It is the largest city. After 1974, it was split into two parts. The middle dividing line is stationed with United Nations peacekeeping troops. From Berlin After the wall came down, it was the only divided capital in the world; Limassol is the second largest city and the largest port with a population of about 150,000. It is a trade, commerce and tourism city; Larnaca and Paphos are respectively the second largest city and the largest port. The third and fourth major cities all have international airports and are famous tourist destinations. Famagusta and Kyrenia are the two major ports and tourist destinations in the Turkish-controlled areas.

Religion and customs:

The Greek people believe in Orthodox Christianity, and the Turkish people believe in Islam.

When a Greek daughter in Cyprus gets married, her parents must prepare a house for their daughter as a dowry. Therefore, if a family has a girl, it must prepare a marriage certificate early. If there are multiple girls, the burden is even heavier; The man does not have to worry about housing; at the wedding, each guest should be given a cookie to symbolize the eternal sweetness of the couple's life; the Serbian people love blue, light blue, black, white, yellow and other colors; Easter is the largest religious festival. People take it more seriously than Christmas.

They eat vegetarian food within 40 days before Easter, but most people only eat vegetarian food symbolically every Friday; in daily life, they like to eat barbecue (barbecue, grilled fish), holiday hiking, picnics and other outdoor activities. The diet is mostly roasted.

Language:

Greek is the official language of Cyprus, but English is also widely used in Cyprus in various aspects such as government documents, contract documents and teaching.

Economy:

Cyprus implements an open free market economy. According to the "World Report on Human Development 2000" published by the United Nations Program, Cyprus' annual per capita GDP in 2000 was nearly 20,000 US dollars, higher than Spain and South Korea, followed by Singapore; the human development index ranked 26th in the world, and was included in the developed countries Country; Tourism, international trade, maritime transportation, processing, and construction are the leading industries and economic pillars of Cyprus. The government structure of Cyprus is the same as that of other Western countries, and business regulations and judicial supervision are subject to British law. Cyprus is a member of the United Nations and the World Trade Organization, as well as a member of the Commonwealth, and joined the European Union on May 1, 2004.

Education:

Based on reality, Cyprus has formulated a development path in line with national conditions and regards education as the foundation of the country. Its education funding has always accounted for 14% of the government budget and 4% of the gross national product. Primary and secondary schools have free and compulsory education. In order to cultivate talents, the government spends huge sums of money, and the proportion of university graduates in the population has exceeded 23%.