Can any teacher help me explain how to distinguish between true north, magnetic north and true north?

Magnetic north is the north indicated by the compass. This is mainly because the poles of the earth's magnetic field do not coincide with the geographical north and south poles. Therefore, the north indicated by the compass is magnetic north rather than true north. Magnetic north will Changes over time.

The geomagnetic poles are close to the South Pole and the North Pole, but they do not coincide with them. One is about 72° north latitude and 96° west longitude; the other is about 70° south latitude and 150° east longitude. . The magnetic North Pole is about 1500km away from the geographical North Pole. The position of the Magnetic North Pole also keeps changing throughout the day. Its trajectory is roughly an ellipse, and the Magnetic North Pole moves 40m northward on average every day. The Magnetic North Pole entered Russia around 2005.

Magnetic declination is the angle between magnetic north and true north. In areas with 25 degrees east longitude, the magnetic declination is between 1 and 2 degrees; in areas above 25 degrees north latitude, the magnetic declination is greater than 2 degrees; in areas with low latitudes in the west longitude, the magnetic declination is 5 to 20 degrees; in areas with 45 degrees west longitude Above, the magnetic declination angle is 25-50 degrees. In my country, under normal circumstances, the magnetic declination angle can reach up to 6 degrees, and under normal circumstances it is 2-3 degrees. The direction of the map: up north, down south, left west, right east are the directions of most maps, but this is not a universal principle. If there are direction signs on the map, you can learn these through the direction signs. In my country, except for some places with magnetic anomalies, the general magnetic declination is westward. Magnetic declination is still changing regularly. The magnetic declination on the map is only the magnetic declination during mapping. When using the magnetic declination noted on the map itself, pay attention to the publication year. If the map is too old, the error will be greater.