What is the custom of getting married in Wenling, Taizhou?
The traditional new house has more than 40 steps.
Ying Guangyuan (also known as Liu Mei), a 74-year-old folk artist from Jinghai Village, Binhai Town, is the inheritor of Dragon Lantern tunes. He likes folk music since he was a child, and he can sing bridal chamber sutra, Taoist feelings, platoon street, Tian Yang songs, singing dragon tunes and so on. And I am very familiar with reading bridesmaids and singing bridal chamber classics. He is often invited to read "Bridesmaid" and sing "Wedding Room Classic" at weddings. In his home, there are some manuscripts of bridesmaid poems and bridal chamber scriptures.
Ying Guangyuan has a book "Specific Steps to Send a Bridal Room", compiled by Wenling Cultural Heritage Protection Center, which contains 46 steps to send a bridal room. Where: 1. Worship parents; 2. Please salute the kitchen; 3. Go up the stairs; 4. Sing the Eight Immortals (choose one of the Little Eight Immortals, the Middle Eight Immortals and the Big Eight Immortals); 5. unlock the lock; 6. Open the door; 7. Enter the bridal chamber; 8. Newcomers salute; 9. Put the plate aside; 10. Lift the gold table; 1 1. Jie Jinhua; 12. Zhajinhua; 13. Light distribution; 14. Find the stool head; 15. Location; 16. tea; 17. Divide tea; 18. Collect teacups; 19. Ask for a hip flask; 20. Ask for a wine glass; 2 1. Begging for chopsticks; 22. untie chopsticks; 23. Ask for a spoon (spoon); 24. Divide spoons; 25. pour wine; 26. Sing a warm bowl; 27. welcome wine; 28. Ten glasses of wine; 29. Look at the tide; 30. Newcomers speak; 3 1. Xie Chu; 32. collect the bowl; 33. Sending goods to the South; 34. Put thirteen flowers; 35. Divide the vegetable heads; 36. Fraction yuan red (orange); 37. Stripped Yuan Hong; 38. The vegetable head thanks the kitchen; 39. Require early childbirth; 40. It's still early; 4 1. Back to the gold watch; 42. samaan; 43. Raise the dragon lantern for reunion; 44. sprinkle with fried rice; 45. Out of the bridal chamber; 46. Go down the stairs.
The ceremony steps are very complicated, but it is said that some of them can be omitted when the new house is actually delivered.
Singing duets inside and outside the bridal chamber is a major feature of singing bridal chamber classics. A major feature of sending a bridal chamber to sing a cave sutra in Wenling is that the bridal chamber guest and the chef sing a duet.
Wedding guests, also known as brother guests, range from 6 people to 10 to 16 people and must be paired. The kitchen waiter refers to other people who participate in or watch the bridal chamber except the bridal chamber guests.
When entering the bridal chamber, the bridal chamber guests lined up in the lobby, leading the singer to sing the ceremony song in front, followed by a pair of bridal chamber guests carrying lanterns. The person who carries the dragon lantern is chosen as the groom, also known as the best man. Then there are wedding candles with palace lanterns and golden flowers on them. Then after the groom and other bridal guests left, the bride had been "shut up" in the new house.
"Up the stairs", each staircase is usually sung by different bridal chamber guests. All these are festive and auspicious words, and some even sing some traditional China drama allusions. For example: "... the six-lattice staircase is six-lattice high, and the god of wealth gave you a silver ingot." Holding a silver ingot and smiling, Jinyuliangyuan is a couple. Seven staircases were seven cubicles high, and the fairy came down to kiss her. The landowner is a matchmaker and wants to marry Dong Yongcheng. Eight-lattice stairs are eight-lattice high, and eight-hole immortals gather. The Eight Immortals came across the bridge round and round with gold plates. Nine-grid stairs are nine-grid high, and all classes of immortals come together. Marriage, husband and wife lived together for ten thousand years ... "
Then we should sing the Eight Immortals, which can be divided into Little Eight Immortals, Middle Eight Immortals and Big Eight Immortals. Little Eight Immortals is very short. Generally, an "Eight Immortals" can sing one line, while a "Big Eight Immortals" is much longer. A "Eight Immortals" should be sung in four or more sentences. For example, "Little Eight Immortals" sings like this: "The truth in the bridal chamber is neat, and the eight immortals are separated by Han Zhong. Rainbow rises in Zhongnanshan, and Dong Bin flies with his sword on his back. To cultivate immortality and realize happiness is to ride a donkey of Zhang. Foot clouds are free, shining in Tie Guai Li. Playing the flute is fun, and Xiangzi teenagers practice it. The young people's practice has come true, and the cloud is really a fairy blue crane. Cao Guojiu, the fairy of Yunyang, traveled across the ocean. Sunrises come and go in the East, and He Xiangu, a colorful lotus girl. Dongfang Laoshuo came down to accompany the groom into the house. "
The "Big Eight Immortals" is much more complicated. For example, if there is a version of "The Eight Immortals", only Han Zhongli sang five lines: "Zhong Zhongli is a Taoist, and he went to Qingfeng Mountain to practice. There is a Ziyang cave on the mountain, where you can cultivate monasteries. Wearing a square scarf and double ribbons, wearing a blue shirt and a purple robe. The waist is tied with an eight-treasure dragon belt, and the feet wear nine-bridge black boots. Shangjiu Bridge, Shangjiu Bridge, three steps and one worship, four steps higher. " There are three lines in Lv Dongbin's lyrics: "Lv Dongbin is handsome and went to Zhong Nanshan to practice. There are eight holes on the mountain, where they practice Buddhism, carrying green swords on their shoulders and swaying in the wind. One floated to Hangzhou City, holding stones and turning them into gold and silver. "
The next step is to unlock the lock, and there is also a version of "Cave Classics", in which all the place names with door characters in Taizhou are included in the lyrics. "... the couple is a golden lock, the groom is a jade lock, and the golden lock was opened in good years and months. Where there is a lock, there must be a door, and the crown goes straight into the yellow reef door. Jin Qing goes straight out of Dagang Gate, and there is a Cangshan Gate in Nantian. Jia Guan is facing Haimen, but buddhist nun is Songmen ... "
There is a version of "Into the Wedding Room" that sings like this: "Thirty-three days to heaven, there are immortals in the clouds. The white golden nebula appeared, and I don't think I came to the Bird Tower. Yellow flowers bloom everywhere, and little fairies come down to earth. Flowers welcome the new door and wedding candles are brought in. The wedding room is full of joy and the relationship between husband and wife is harmonious. "
The next steps, such as begging for stools, tea, hip flask, wine glasses and chopsticks, all need to be sung in duet, and the guests in the inner bridal chamber should sing in duet with their friends (kitchen waiters) outside.
Foreign friends often encounter some problems, which make the wedding guests feel embarrassed. They often have to take out cigarettes and other solutions.
Spreading fried rice (fruit) is a series of links behind the custom of "spreading hukou". Among them, fried rice is spread (pronounced "tied" in dialect) (fruit is spread in some places). For example, a version of "Bridal Chamber Classic" sings: "The fruit is scattered (tied), and the son will be in court (referring to the dean). The fruit is scattered, and the son is the prime minister. The fruit is scattered in the bucket (toilet bucket), and the son is the president. If you sow fruit on the bed, it will give birth to a champion. The fruit is scattered in the cupboard, and the child is rich. The fruit is scattered on the golden table, and the son is the governor. If the fruit is scattered all over the ground, the husband and wife will prosper for thousands of years. "
This practice of sprinkling fruit or fried rice should be a legacy of the old custom of "spreading accounts". There is a step of "spreading the account" in the wedding customs in all parts of China, and it is also recorded in the county annals and other materials.
According to legend, the custom of "laying accounts" originated from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and Song Mengyuan's Dream of Tokyo also recorded the situation of people getting married at that time. "After visiting the temple, the women went back to the house to help them worship. When men and women rush to worship, women sleep on the left, men sit on the right, and women scatter money and fruits. This is called spreading accounts. "
Gu Jiegang's book Discrimination between Historical Relics and Customs (Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House) quoted a passage from a certain place: "There are a pair of good hibiscus at the bedside. A pair of golden roosters by the bed. Children and grandchildren are easy to get. It is not difficult for children and grandchildren to divide the accounts. ..... five men and two women. Women's party. I can't sleep in the bed, but I must sleep under the bed. Pee in the bed and punt under the bed. "
Gu Jiegang said that this is a slap in the face and a prayer of many children.
Under normal circumstances, the bridal chamber starts at eight or nine in the evening and ends at two or three in the morning, and some may be longer. During this time, if the bridal chamber guests want to come out to relieve themselves, they must come out in pairs with lanterns, and they should say "watching the tide" instead of urinating and defecating.
Seeing bridesmaids and paying homage to the bride is also a part of Wenling's traditional wedding.
"Heaven opens the ecliptic for a long life, and cigarettes are full of joy. Cigarettes are red, so please come out to the square. " The opening paragraph of the best man has been read like this since ancient times.
Then, people who read "Bridesmaid" are deliberately modest, and will sing like this: "I am a bridesmaid without belly talent, standing in the flower room and blushing." My master's family is hard for me to get rid of. I took out my old book and read it word by word. "Then I took out my manuscript and read the best man.
In the view of Ying Guangyuan, the inheritor of the Dragon Lantern Tune of Wenling Intangible Cultural Heritage Project, "Next, we should sing a good environmental layout. For example, if colorful flags and red lights are hung, we will sing' The zodiac is auspicious, and the colorful flags on it are really beautiful. How many colors are there in front of the door, such as "Long live the Golden Hall" and so on, and this can also be omitted. "
First, light incense and invite the Eight Immortals to read. And the Eight Immortals, usually the Little Eight Immortals. Then, please go home to worship Buddha, that is, worship Buddha at home.
Then invite the new couple, the groom. Newcomers are more reserved and shy, so it is more difficult to invite them. It takes at least three invitations before they can come out with their aunt. For example, the second time I invited a new person, I said, "Please invite the new person to laugh again and again, and Guanyin will send the child to the door. How loving it is to get married in church. Thin heads (dialect, meaning boys) are born in pairs. " In short, they are auspicious words, such as praying for your son's early birth.
Then there are the worshippers of heaven and earth, Guanyin, the land, the god of wealth, the three officials and the great emperor. If anyone worships the Dragon King, worship the Dragon King. Such as worshipping the ground: "The sky is low and the landlord laughs. Thanks to the laughter of the landowner, it will prosper for thousands of years. " Worship the god of wealth: "the family is auspicious and happy, and the god of wealth is long." Every day brings wealth and wealth, and children and grandchildren live long. "
Then, the groom respects his position, and the newlyweds respect his position, take out flowers and like flowers (take flowers from the new head and put them on the groom's head). Toast is an important link. For example, the groom drank the third cup, and the bridesmaid said, "The groom can drink the third cup, and the two of them laughed while drinking. The third glass of wine is happy, even three glasses are full of red. "
It is said that sometimes, the best man will temporarily add "the bride and groom blare their mouths". "Five mouths" means kissing in Wenling dialect. One version of the bridesmaid's word provided by Guangyuan is "Free marriage has many benefits, boys and girls bring brides. Now entering a new era, the bride and groom are full of mouths. "
Finally, husband and wife worship each other and their elders. "pilgrimage to the right" says: "men stand in the east and women stand in the west, which is a perfect match." Husband and wife were predestined friends in previous lives and got married 500 years ago. "
Generally speaking, the worship order of elders is parents, adoptive father (if there is an adoptive father), class teacher (teacher), uncle, aunt, uncle, uncle, uncle, uncle, uncle, uncle, uncle, uncle, uncle, uncle, uncle, uncle.