Brief introduction of Ailaoshan caravan
Yu said that we still know too little about the world, and countless unknowns surround us.
Yi described her old house in this way on her personal homepage: "In the caravan home of 109, there is a stone for tying horses outside the door, and there is a stone bench beside the door, which is carved with dragons, flowers, birds, insects, fish and animals representing happiness and good luck, and painted with Zhong Kui to exorcise ghosts and protect peace."
Help the stone lion in front of Ma's house.
Jony J is located in Honghe County, Yunnan Province in the lower half of Ailao Mountain. From the map, it is close to the border and inhabited by Yi and Hani nationalities. I don't know her description, which aroused my infinite reverie. My friends and I decided to find out.
After more than three hours from Kunming, we arrived in Honghe County, which is entrenched at the top of the mountain, and saw the towering Ailao Mountain.
Bangrenjia
Mabang inn
Bangrenjia
We stopped in front of the flowers,' this is a two-story building with brick and wood structure, a typical caravan family. There used to be such courtyards in the whole town, but now there are only dozens', Xiaoyi introduced them to us with a smile.
The roof of Yisa caravan is a combination of Chinese and western. We locals call it' flatterer room'. The roof is composed of front, back, left and right slopes, imitating the design of four slopes in France. Next to it is a Chinese-style double-layer tile structure, which looks like a beggar in the horse's ass, in line with the concept that caravan people live on horses and are proud of them. Yi's professional introduction has given us a lot of inspiration.
Look at the blue sky through the roof.
In the courtyard of the quadrangle, there is a huge screen wall with the word' Fu' written on it. There are stone piers under the screen wall, and the big urn receives the rain. Small towns lack water. In the past, people living in mobile homes used big stones, hills and jars to store rainwater. The Yao family in the east gate has been raining for four or five years, and often uses the water stored in the cellar for several years to make tea for guests. '
The layout of the main room, wing room, inner room, wing room and kitchen is reasonable, with embossed flower-and-bird patterns on the door head, and carved pomegranate, horse and bird patterns on the drawers of small doors and tables. The pillars on the eaves are carved with dragons and phoenixes, and the windows are decorated with roses. Guess how many flowers are decorated on the window? "Ninety-nine flowers represent a long time." It was easy to see that I was interested in carving windows, so I explained it to me.
After crossing the patio and coming to the backyard, Xiaoyi showed us lanterns used by his great-grandfather when he was patrolling, photos of his great-grandfather wearing fashion, silver coffee spoons engraved with small flowers, exquisite coffee pots and cups, exquisite clocks engraved with foreign languages, and phonographs with nostalgic colors, such as the Museum of the Rich in the Republic of China.
In the pomegranate mountain city of Myanmar, when tequila stands upright, Grandpa Tai will drive his horse, carrying homespun and silk thread, and drive a caravan to Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam to do business with Yao. When I first went out, my 20-year-old great-grandfather had just been married to my 16-year-old great-grandmother for two months.
Grandpa walked in front, grandpa chased her behind in cloth shoes, grandpa sobbed behind, grandpa choked in front, and she couldn't leave.
Just like Shanxi people go to the west, Anhui people go abroad, and their husbands also go abroad, because that is the way of life of the family. As the sun sets, grandma's figure fades away and is submerged in the pomegranate forest in Myanmar. Grandma is still watching the gate. "
Grandma's wandering door
Yisa's large-scale cavalry was formed in Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty, when Shan Yao's family had more than 200 mules and horses. Yi went on to introduce.
Brother drivers, brother drivers, brother drivers suffer more; Eat wild vegetables and sleep on barren hills and slopes; Wear lotus pieces and trousers as hanging lines; Running around for children and women, leaving home and going abroad; This is a bumpy road, a smo trip.
People who walk in the caravan are most afraid of three things: first, they are bitten by tigers and insects in the middle of the night; Second, being robbed by soldiers and bandits; Third, fear of malaria. It was my great-grandfather, who was not afraid of hardship, fatigue, distance and deep love, so our family built this building. '
The glory of that year was faintly visible.
Ancient buildings in weeping willows
The eaves are covered with immortal flowers.
Grandpa walks in a caravan, while grandma does housework at home, waits on her in-laws and takes care of her children. When the autumn wind blew for the first time, grandma stopped and went out to cut off the slender agave leaves and soak them in water. A month later, she removed the rotten mesophyll, leaving agave fiber as rope and sandals.
The rope is used to tie the goods, and the shoes are worn by the groom. Grandma makes straw sandals, weaves homespun and makes clothes. After a long wait, grandma wore clothes and shoes made by grandma and ran across Qian Shan and the river of missing.
Grandpa sometimes comes back for half a year, sometimes for two or three years. Every time he comes back, his horse carries a lot of goods and many new things he has never seen before. He took photos and brought grandma soap, umbrella, vanishing cream, sewing machine and phonograph to amuse her.
Grandma blushed and said,' I'm not young anymore, why do I have to wear cream?' But she was so beautiful that she hid behind a small window on the second floor and secretly put it away.
Looking at these ancient objects, Xiaoyi told us the stories of her great-grandfather and great-grandmother with great interest. We listened with fascination, leafing through the latitude and longitude of time. A couple seems to be in sight.
Your ancestral home seems to cost a lot of money. Yi, tell me about the process! We asked.
It is said that there are more than three kinds of people in Yisa: men, widows and gold. At that time, even grandma had four taels of gold in her hand.
Grandpa, it took them decades to get through 1 1 trade routes to Southeast Asia. They traveled all over the south and north, gained a lot of knowledge and made a lot of money. When they go home, they plan to build a house.
Yisa is a dry enemy, with no bricks, tiles or stones. Grandpa, they drove a caravan from Shiping and Jianshui to camel back several pieces of blue bricks, tiles and stones at a time. Time and time again, they climbed the enemy's mountain, waded through the rushing Red River, and went to Qiu Lai in spring, and the cold weather came and went.
Grandpa drew his own drawings, hired carpenters in Shiping and masons in Jianshui. It took more than a year to build the building you saw, so everyone said that we were the camel city of the caravan. '
/kloc-in the spring of 0/925, there were many bandits in the north. Grandpa Kong took advantage of his business trip to lead hundreds of bandits into the city and robbed countless treasures. Our family also suffered heavy losses that time, but fortunately, people are fine. Later, the Yi people built houses, and shooting holes were widely distributed on the walls. There are more than 30 bright shooting holes on the outer wall of Fu Yao, which I will show you later.
Sagittarius has two kinds of shots: open shot and dark shot. The bright plays a warning role, and the dark directly attacks the enemy. Obviously, it's dark and fake. When the bandits came, everyone was a soldier with strong fighting capacity. It is said that even the regular Kuomintang army was afraid, and Grandpa brought back a German spear from abroad to defend his grandmother. '
Xiao Yi's story is very vivid, and we seem to see fierce exchanges of fire again and again through these loopholes.
Xiao Yi took us to visit the famous East Gate Tower, the three-story quadrangle of Yaojia, and the labyrinth courtyard of Qianer Palace with more than 65,438+000 rooms built in seven years.
This building complex consists of six single buildings, covering an area of 4,500 square meters, with a construction area of more than 20,000 square meters and a history of more than 70 years. Xiao Yi used figures to tell us the miracle created by caravan members on barren land.
These two families are the leaders of the caravan era. Their house is magnificent, patchwork, stable and solid, and it is the representative of our caravan architecture. The combination of Chinese and western is also more distinctive. In 2003, it was listed as the sixth batch of cultural relics protection units in Yunnan Province and the national cultural relics protection units.
Walking in the small town, mysterious caravan courtyards as old as Xiaoyi's old house can be seen everywhere on both sides of the winding road. It's really a grand view garden of caravan architecture. Every patio has the story of Taiyi's grandparents. Fairy lanterns accompany the mottled exterior walls of the house and quietly tell the story of the past.
In Xishan Park, we saw the Xishan Pavilion built in Tongzhi for ten years, with double eaves and hexagonal cornices, round doorways and winding cloisters. At the entrance of the attic, there are two auspicious signs, and there is an upside-down wall clock in the attic. Xiaoyi said,' This wall clock was stolen many times, and the last time was recovered by the public security department after Shi Ping.' Friends sighed: "There are so many stories about the town."
Hexagonal buildings in Xishan Park
Eating delicious baked tofu, drinking a cup of ice powder mixed with a bowl of bean jelly, and listening to Xiaoyi telling past stories in the alley next to the caravan's family is really the best experience in the journey. The sky is blue, the wind is blowing from far away, and the smell is elegant and delicate.
Mashao tofu
My favorite farmers' market
Caravan culture is inclusive and open: their architecture is a combination of Chinese and western; Their food not only has local flavor, but also combines the eating methods of the surrounding ethnic minorities, as well as the ingredients and eating methods that Zou Magang borrowed from Southeast Asia. The farmers' market shuttles through Hani, Yi, Dai, Han and other ethnic groups, and everything is so harmonious.
Hani people are knitting.