The weather is cold, and so are the banana trees in the field. What can be done to protect bananas from frostbite or freezing?

Bananas are tropical and subtropical fruits. Bananas are easy to produce and put into production early, and the products are also very popular with consumers. However, bananas are herbaceous plants, which are weak in cold resistance, wind resistance and drought resistance. They are easily affected by cold wave and low temperature frost in winter, and there will be different degrees of freezing damage under the influence of low temperature in winter. Therefore, in order to achieve the goal of high and stable yield, we must master the techniques of banana cold protection and low temperature frost prevention.

Temperature requirements of bananas

Bananas like temperature and short sunshine, and they are afraid of cold and heat damage during the whole growth process. The optimum temperature for banana growth is 24 ~ 32℃. When the temperature is 20℃, bananas grow fast, and when the temperature is 25 ~ 30℃, they grow vigorously. When the highest temperature is above 35℃, bananas will suffer from heat damage; When the temperature drops below 19℃, bananas will grow slowly. When the temperature drops below 5℃, bananas will begin to suffer from freezing injury. When the temperature drops below 0℃, the tender leaves and tender hearts of bananas will die.

Cold and frost resistance

1. Select banana fields and cold-resistant varieties.

Planting bananas should consider climate and soil conditions, and select some plots with open terrain, abundant sunshine, deep soil layer, loose soil, water irrigation, no water accumulation, less low temperature frost and low harm. In addition, all commodities should choose varieties with strong cold resistance and high and stable yield. Seedlings with low stems have strong wind resistance, such as high-footed banana, and strong cold resistance.

2. Plant in time and control the budding period.

According to the local geographical environment, climatic conditions and the characteristics of planting varieties, proper early planting and early management can prevent the chilling injury of bananas. Bananas are best harvested before the cold wave. When the cold comes, the fruit can be 30% to 50% full, and its cold tolerance is good, so it can safely overwinter. If you can't pick the pregnant plants before the cold wave comes, you should control the fertilizer and water in winter, postpone the picking period and let the bananas avoid the low temperature and frost period.

3. Strengthen fertilizer and water management and apply winter fertilizer.

In winter, we should apply warm and heat preservation fertilizer to bananas to increase soil temperature and enhance the cold tolerance of plants. Such as applying more organic fertilizers, such as manure, pig manure, bran fertilizer, etc. Proper application of foliar fertilizer (compound fertilizer and potash fertilizer I) can also cover banana heads with film or straw to reduce ground radiation and improve wind and cold resistance. In the management of irrigation and drainage, if it is dry and cold, the banana garden should be irrigated in time. First, the banana garden should be filled with water, and then part of it should be removed to ensure the soil is moist and raise the ground temperature. In wet and cold weather, it is necessary to promptly eliminate ground water to keep warm and protect banana roots and growing points.

4. Bag insulation

In case of dry and cold weather or wet and cold weather, bind banana leaves and wrap them firmly with film to prevent cold water from infiltrating into banana stems. Banana fruit can be bagged, the inner layer is covered with a warm bag, and the outer layer is covered with a waterproof film. When bagging, all banana ears should be wrapped at the top of the fruit. You can also spread a layer of plant ash around the banana head, then cover it with a thin layer of soil, and then cover the ground with film or hay.

5. Smoke, frost and cold in banana garden.

Combustible substances such as coarse cereals, rice bran, dead leaves, wood, pine, etc. Stack and burn in the banana garden, put 3-4 piles of cigarettes per mu of banana garden, and light it in the middle of the frost period, so that the whole banana garden is shrouded in a layer of smoke, thus increasing the temperature of banana garden, preventing dew from condensing into frost, and greatly reducing the harm of frost.