Where can I find an introduction to Taoism?

Laozi Tu Taoism [1] is an inherent religion in China, with a history of more than 1,800 years. Its teachings are closely connected with the local Chinese culture, deeply rooted in the fertile soil of China, with distinctive Chinese characteristics, and have had a profound impact on all aspects of Chinese culture.

The origin of the name of Taoism is, firstly, from the ancient Shinto; secondly, from the Taoism of "Laozi", which was first seen in "Laozi Xiang'er Commentary". Taoism regards Laozi as its leader, because the earliest origin of Taoist philosophy can be traced back to Laozi and Zhuangzi. It is worth noting that Taoism and Taoism are two completely different things. The Taoism taught by Taoists is not a religion, nor does it advocate the establishment of a religion. "Laozi" is the source of Taoist thought and was regarded as a "scripture" by Zhang Daoling and others in later generations. It was not a scripture written by "Tai Shang Laojun" for preaching. Generally speaking, academic circles believe that the first official classic of Taoism is the Taiping Jing, which was completed in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Therefore, the Eastern Han Dynasty is regarded as the initial period of Taoism. Taoism officially had Taoist activities in the late Eastern Han Dynasty with the emergence of Taiping Dao and Wu Dou Mi Dao, and the three books "Taiping Jing", "Zhou Yi Shen Tong Qi" and "Lao Zi Xiang Er Zhu" are symbols of the formation of Taoist beliefs and theories. In recent years, Taoist ideas and cosmology of "the unity of nature and man" have received increasing attention and attracted the interest of the Western world, which has also caused Taoism to gain more attention. Although there are elements of Taoism in Taoist teachings, they are far from being able to represent the spirit of Taoism and convey the thoughts of Lao and Zhuang. The two must not be confused.

Taoism is named after "Tao", or it refers to Lao-Zhuang's theory, or it talks about internal and external cultivation, or it talks about Fulu Alchemy. It is derived from the belief that everything in the world has "Tao", which is the so-called "one life, two lives, two lives" "Three, three give birth to all things." Social life should follow the "Tao" and eventually return to nature. Specifically, the doctrine system is developed from the four aspects of "heaven", "earth", "human" and "ghost". Heaven refers to both the real universe and the place where gods live. The heaven is said to have thirty-six days. There is a gate in heaven, a jade palace inside, a heavenly god, a heavenly king, and a heavenly emperor. They ride on a heavenly horse, drink from the heavenly river, and are served by heavenly soldiers, heavenly generals, and heavenly maidens. Those who follow it are the way of heaven. Earth refers not only to the real earth and all things, but also to the hell where ghosts suffer. Its operation is influenced by the tunnel. People refer to both human beings in general and limited individuals. Every word and deed of a person should be based on humanity and morality. Ghost refers to the place where people return. If a person can cultivate good virtues, he will be detached from the underworld and escape from the sea of ​​suffering. His surname will not be recorded in the ghost pass, and he will be called a ghost immortal. Immortals are also idols that embody Taoist teachings. Taoism is a polytheistic religion that follows the ancient Chinese belief habit of worshiping the sun, moon, stars, rivers, seas and mountains, as well as the spirits of ancestors, forming a complex system of gods including gods, earth gods, humans and ghosts. Taoism advocates Wuji, Yuanji, Taiji, and the golden mean is the teaching of "Tao", which is the golden mean.

There are two types of Taoists: one is the clergy, that is, "Taoist priests". According to "Taixiao Lang Shu Jing", "People who walk on the main road are called Taoist priests.", "The body and mind are in order, and they follow the Tao, so they are called Taoist priests." According to their regions, they can be divided into Maoshan Taoist priests, Luofu Taoist priests, etc. The following can be divided into "Zhengyi" Taoist priests, "Quanzhen" Taoist priests, etc. According to the academic affairs in the palace, it can be divided into "head of the family", "master of the palace", "knowing guest", etc. The other type is ordinary believers, known as "lay believers" or "believers". "Gongguan" is the most important organizational form of Taoism. The temple is a place where Taoist monks practice Buddhism, worship gods and hold ceremonies. Taoism also has some economic organizations (such as vegetarian ministry, tea factory, etc.), educational organizations (Taoist classes, Taoist classics classes, etc.), and charitable organizations (nursing homes, medical clinics, etc.).

Taoism is an important religious behavior for Taoists to practice the way of heaven. It is generally believed that it includes external elixirs, inner elixirs, food intake, and sexual intercourse. Waidan refers to using an alchemy furnace or cauldron to smelt lead, mercury and other ores to produce elixirs that can make people "immortal" after taking them. After the Tang Dynasty, it was gradually replaced by inner alchemy. Neidan is a general term for qi movement, guidance, breathing and exhalation. It refers to using the human body as a cauldron to condense the essence, energy and spirit in the body into elixirs to achieve the purpose of immortality. The art of inner alchemy has gradually become popular since the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. Its origins can be traced back to the Warring States Period, and it has had a great influence on Chinese medicine and health care. Taking food refers to taking medicine for longevity.

[Edit this paragraph] A brief explanation of Taoism

Taoism is one of the major religions in China. It was formed during the Eastern Han Dynasty and became popular during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Taoists respectfully call one of the founders, Zhang Daoling, the Celestial Master, so it is also called "Celestial Master Tao". Later it divided into many factions. Taoism regards Laozi as its ancestor and respects him as "Tai Shang Laojun".

Because it takes "Tao" as the highest belief and believes that "Tao" is the origin of all things in the universe, hence the name. The "Five Pecks of Rice Tao" founded by Zhang Daoling in the Eastern Han Dynasty was the beginning of the finalization of Taoism. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, religious forms gradually became complete. He regarded Lao Dan as his religious ancestor and honored him as "Tai Shang Lao Jun". The main classics are the "Tao Te Ching" (i.e. "Laozi"), "Zhengyi Jing" and "Taiping Dong Jing". Worship Sanqing as the highest god. It wants people to break away from reality and make elixirs to become immortals.

The first national Taoist temple of Taoism is located in Shangqing Palace, Luoyang.

[Edit this paragraph] Historical development of Taoism

Our ancient ancestors believed that all things have animism, which led to the worship of nature, totem worship, soul worship, and ancestor worship. , slowly developed until the ancestors and the gods became one, becoming the prototype of the supreme god. Worship of ghosts and gods has existed as early as primitive society. The ancestors regarded the sun, moon, stars, wind, rain, thunder and lightning, mountains and rivers as being dominated by gods, so they felt a sense of awe and worshiped them. At that time, the ancestors not only believed that all things were animistic and thus worshiped nature, but also believed that the human soul was immortal after death, which led to the worship of ghosts and gods. Various funeral rituals, ghost sacrifices, and ghost exorcism rituals gradually took shape. "The Chronicles of the Bamboo Book" contains: "The Yellow Emperor died, and his minister Zuo Che took his clothes, crown, and sticks and worshiped them in the temple." By the Yin and Shang Dynasties, nature worship in prehistoric times had developed into belief in God and destiny, and a God-centered deity system had initially formed. When troubles occurred, witches would ask God for answers through divination; primitive ghost and god worship had developed to Ancestor worship is based on blood and combined with patriarchal relations, and ancestor worship activities are held regularly. During this period, Wu Zhu, a religious professional who specialized in communicating between ghosts and gods and humans, appeared. Among them, shamans use songs and dances to enchant gods, and have a set of witchcraft to drive away ghosts; Zhu uses words to please gods, and is the master of ceremonies responsible for welcoming gods and praying in religious sacrificial activities. They heal people, predict good and bad luck, draw talismans and recite incantations, etc. At that time, both the country and society were dominated by witchcraft. The worship of ghosts and gods further developed in the Zhou Dynasty, and the worshiped ghosts and gods have formed three systems: gods of heaven, humans and ghosts, and earthly gods. And the worship of ancestral gods and sacrifices to heaven and earth are juxtaposed, which is called respecting heaven and respecting ancestors. It is said that all things originate from heaven, and humans originate from ancestors.

The reason why later Taoism became a polytheistic religion is that it originated from the worship of ghosts and gods in ancient times; the fasting and ritual rituals performed by Taoism in later generations are also closely related to the rituals and rituals of ancient ghosts and gods. When people worship gods, they must hold sacrificial activities, and sacrificial activities are inseparable from the "civilization of rituals and music." With the "collapse of rituals and music" in the Spring and Autumn Period, the civilization of rituals and music gradually moved from the upper class to the folk, and was later adopted by folk alchemists and shamans. It was inherited and evolved into the Taoist fasting ritual after the establishment of Taoism. Therefore, a considerable part of the ritual and music civilization of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties has been preserved by Taoism. Taoism is actually the successor of ritual and music civilization. Belief in gods can also be traced back to the ancient primitive society period in my country. One of the evidences is the Classic of Mountains and Seas. This sutra records the myths and religious beliefs of my country's primitive society, and its content is quite rich and systematic. It provides the basis for the origin of Taoist immortality. In "The Book of Mountains and Seas", the belief in immortality is put forward; the existence of gods and Taoist priests is proposed; the heavenly capital of gods and gods is described; sacrificial rituals and strange alchemy are recorded.

In the ancient primitive society, some people began to learn immortality. According to historical records, the Yellow Emperor of Xuanyuan "fighted and learned from immortals", "The Yellow Emperor asked Guangchengzi", and later succeeded in cultivating Taoism, riding a dragon in the daytime at Dinghu Lake and ascending to heaven.

By the Warring States Period, belief in gods was already quite widespread. During this period, many books recording immortal legends appeared. The books contained many texts about immortals, fairyland, elixirs and other legends. For example, there is this description in "Zhuangzi Xiaoyaoyou": "On the mountain of Miaogushe, there are gods and men living there. Their skin is like ice and snow, and they are as graceful as virgins. They do not eat grains, inhale the wind and drink the dew, ride on the clouds, and control the wind and dragons. And travel all over the world." Others, such as "Tangwen Pian", "Huangdi Pian", "King Mu of Zhou" in Liezi, Qu Yuan's "Li Sao", "Tian Wen", "Nine Songs", etc. all depict the wonderland beautifully and mysteriously. The immortals are also described as magical figures who are free from life and death, extremely quiet, not burdened by things, detached and free, and can fly in the clouds. There are similar descriptions in "Huainanzi" and "Historical Records" of the Han Dynasty.

With the emergence of the theory of gods, alchemists who sought fairyland, immortals and spread the recipe to become immortals appeared. They softened the theory of immortals and alchemy with the Yin-Yang and Five Elements theories of Zou Yan (a famous alchemist during the Warring States Period) to form the Fangxian Tao, which was mainly popular among the upper class of Yanqi society.

From the middle and late Warring States period (275 BC to 221 BC) to the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (Liu Che, 140 BC to 87 BC), under the instigation of alchemists (also known as immortals) and emperors and generals, a famous revolution in Chinese history was launched Entering the sea to seek the elixir of death. King Wei of Qi, King Xuan of Qi, King Zhao of Yan, Emperor Qin Shihuang, Emperor Wu of Han, etc. all sent alchemists to the Three God Mountains on the sea to seek gods and elixirs, and their scale became larger and larger. The most famous alchemists at that time included Song Wuji, Zheng Boqiao, Zou Yan, Xu Fu, Lu Sheng, Li Shaojun and others. my country's unique belief in gods was inherited and inherited by Taoism in the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty, becoming the core content of Taoist belief.

After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Fang Xiandao gradually merged with Huanglaoxue and evolved into Huanglaodao. During the reign of Emperor Shun of the Eastern Han Dynasty (126-144), Zhang Ling founded the Zhengyi League Weidao in Heming Mountain, Shu County (now in Dayi County, Sichuan).

The late Han, Wei and Jin periods were important periods for the development of Taoism in my country. The political atmosphere of the late Han Dynasty and the social purchasing of metaphysics in the Wei and Jin Dynasties directly affected Taoist behavior and understanding of existence. Although they both stem from the understanding of Lao and Zhuang's teachings, the behavior of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest and others has important precedents in the behavioral rules of Taoists. The political environment and social atmosphere of the Wei and Jin Dynasties were rare development opportunities and development assistance for Taoism. Ge Hong, a famous Taoist scholar in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, whose "Baopuzi" plays an important role in the Taoist system, and Ge Hong himself is also considered an important figure in Taoism. It played an important role in the development of Taoism. The role of "Baopuzi" in Chinese Taoist medicine is also very important.

According to legend, in the early years of the Tang Dynasty, a man named Ji Shanxing met an old man with white beard and hair riding a white horse in Yangjiao. The old man said to him: Tell the emperor of the Tang Dynasty that the country is now well governed. As long as an Anhua Palace is built in the east of Chang'an City and a Taoist statue is installed inside, the country can be protected forever and the world will be peaceful. After that, he took off into the air. Soon, the old man appeared again and claimed: I am the supreme god, my surname is Li, my name is Laojun, and I am the ancestor of the current emperor. From then on, the royal family of Li and Tang claimed to be descendants of Laozi Li Er and respected Laozi as the "Holy Ancestor". Obviously, this myth was fabricated by the Tang royal family themselves in order to add a sacred aura to the Li and Tang regime. Later, the emperor of the Song Dynasty also followed the practice of the Tang Dynasty and invented a fictional ancestor named Zhao Xuanlang, who was regarded as a Taoist deity and the "Holy Ancestor". Due to the respect of the royal families of the Tang and Song Dynasties, the temples flourished, the number of believers increased day by day, and the development of Taoism reached its peak.

[Edit this paragraph] The gods worshiped by Taoism

Taoism is a religion that worships many gods. There are many types of gods worshiped by Taoism. Below we can only introduce some of the higher status and more influential ones.

The Three Purities of Taoism

1. The Three Purities refer to Yuanshi Tianzun, Lingbao Tianzun and Daode Tianzun. They are the highest gods of Taoism, and they are actually three persons in one body of "Tao". The term "Sanqing" began in the Six Dynasties, but at this time "Sanqing" mostly refers to the "Three Pure Realms", namely Taiqing Realm, Yuqing Realm and Shangqing Realm, which are Shenbaojun, Tianbaojun and Lingbaojun respectively. Three great gods reside there. Later, "Sanqing" gradually became the common name for Yuanshi Tianzun, Lingbao Tianzun and Daode Tianzun, and "Sanqing Realm" also became their residence.

2. The Four Emperors are the four heavenly emperors whose status is second only to the Three Pure Ones. Specifically, they refer to: the Arctic Ziwei Emperor (general ruler of ten thousand stars), the Antarctic Changsheng Emperor (in charge of human happiness and longevity), Gouchen Shang The Great Emperor Gong Tianhuang (who controls all thunders), and the Empress Tuhuang Di Zhi (who controls the fertility of yin and yang, the beauty of all things, and the beauty of the earth's mountains and rivers) follow Tian's example.

3. Star gods have a very high status in Taoism. They mainly include Five Stars (Jupiter), Zhenxing (Saturn), Taibai Star (Venus), and Chenxing. (Mercury), Yinghuo (Mars). In addition, there are the "Five Dou Star Lords" in the east, west, south and north, as well as the Twenty-eight Star Lords, the Ziwei Yuan Star Lords, the Taiwei Yuan Star Lords, the Tianshi Yuan Star Lords, etc. Among them, the most revered one is "Doumu". "Doumu" is a female statue. It is said that she gave birth to the Big Dipper, which has the power of healing. In addition, the Big Dipper and the Southern Dipper are also highly respected by the world. According to the "Book of Saviors", the Big Dipper governs death and the Southern Dipper governs life. Therefore, "Beidou Club" and "Nandou Club" are often held among the people. Among the star gods, the most influential one is the twenty-eight star kings in all directions. Among the twenty-eight constellations, the seven constellations in the east (Jiao, Kang, Di, Fang, Xin, Wei, and Ji) form a dragon shape, which is called Qinglong; the seven constellations in the south (well, ghost, willow, star, Zhang, Yi, and Zhen) form a bird shape. It is called Zhuque; the seven constellations in the west (Kui, Lou, Wei, Ang, Bi, Xi, and Shen) form the shape of a tiger, and are called white tiger; the seven constellations in the north (Dou, Niu, Nv, Xu, Danger, Room, and Wall) form the shape of a turtle. Called Xuanwu.

Qinglong, White Tiger, Suzaku and Xuanwu are collectively called the "Gods of the Four Directions".

2. Totem worship

Taking a certain animal or plant as the object of worship.

For example, dragons, phoenixes, bears, tigers, black birds, flowers, locust trees, etc. become dragon gods, flower fairies, etc.

For example, the Oroqen people call the male bear "Yaya", which means grandfather, and the female bear "Taitie", which means grandmother. The Ewenki people call the male bear "Heke" (grandfather) and the female bear "Ewo" (grandmother). The Panhu legend of the Miao, Yao and She ethnic groups.

3. Ghost worship

For example, the King of Hell, the Impermanence of Black and White, the King of Ghosts, etc.

It is said to be a main content of the Li religion and the most important content of the original religious beliefs of the Enshi Tujia people. Under the influence of Taoist beliefs, the ghost worship of the Yao people in Yunnan, whether it is individual prayers to exorcise ghosts or collective exorcisms, its religious rituals, ritual hosts, gods to pray, and people who help them exorcise ghosts, etc. All of them have been obviously Taoist, indicating that their original ghost worship has become an important part of Yao Taoism.

4. Reproductive and ancestor worship

For example, the Yellow Emperor, the Three Sovereigns and the Five Emperors, etc.

Yi, Yao, Jinuo, Han and many other ethnic groups.

2. Inheritance of the worship of sages

Confucius, Mencius, Guan Gong, Yue Fei, etc.

The early Taoist classic "The Taiping Jing" contains the worship of "sages" and "sages". As well as the "Taoist Famous Products" in "The True Records of the Immortals of the Shangqing Dynasty", "The Picture of the True Spirit's Position and Industry", and "The Supreme Secret Essentials", including the three kings of Yao, Shun Yu, Yin Tang, Zhou Wu, Qi Huangong, Han Gaozu, Liu Bei and other emperors , and the sages Confucius, Yan Hui, Mo Zhai and so on.

3. Sectarian factors also have an important impact on the construction of the Taoist immortal lineage

There are many Taoist sects, and since the beginning of the religion, there have been differences in the supreme god.

When the early Five Pecks of Rice Taoism was founded, Taishang Laojun was the leader and worshiped the "three officials". Therefore, during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Kou Qianzhi's Tianshi Tao in the Northern Wei Dynasty, because he enjoyed the "position of Tianshi" ", under the order of "purifying Taoism", he obtained 20 volumes of "Yunzhongzhe Yinchan Xinke's Commandments", all of which were under the name of "Tai Shang Laojun". For this reason, it was inevitable that he still worshiped Taishang Laojun. .

When the Taiping Taoist religion was founded, the latter worshiped Huang Lao and enshrined "Zhonghuang Taiyi". In the middle and late Eastern Jin Dynasty, Shangqing Sect and Lingbao Sect appeared one after another. In the newly emerged Shangqing and Lingbao sutras, Taishang Laojun was no longer respected as the supreme god. In the Shangqing sect, Yuanshi Tianzun or Taishang Yuchen Daojun are the most respected. In the Lingbao sect, Yuanshi Tianzun and Taishang Daojun are the most prominent. Some scriptures also list Taishang Laojun, but their ranking is slightly lower.

Later, during the negotiation and integration of various sects, it was proposed that "Tao cannot be without a master, and teaching cannot be without a sect leader. Therefore, Laojun Shi Taishang Yuchen Daojun Yan, Daojun is the disciple of Yuanshi Tianzun." It is under this master-disciple relationship that they become the trinity of "Three Pure Gods", the highest god in the Taoist immortal lineage.

In addition, each sect has its own founder, officiating deity, etc.

On the basis of absorbing various primitive religions, folk religions, myths and legends, Taoism gradually formed its own lineage of gods and immortals, and merged with the original local religions or formed a branch form.

Taoism is also constantly developing and changing, and it often interacts with other religions and people's tendencies and desires.

For thousands of years, although there have been conflicts among various sects such as Taoism, Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity in China, no major religious wars have broken out. This is fortunate.

[Edit this paragraph]Taoist sect organizations

There are many sects within Taoism, and they have different names due to different distribution standards.

According to academic theory, there are five categories: Jishan Sect, Classic Sect, Fulu Sect, Danding Sect (Jindan Sect) and Zhanxuan Sect. According to regions, there are Longmen Sect, Laoshan Sect, Suishan Sect, Yushan Sect, Huashan Sect, Yushan Sect, Laohuashan Sect, Heshan Sect, Huoshan Sect, Wudang Sect, etc.

According to people, there are Shaoyang sect (Wang Xuanfu), Zhengyang sect (Zhong Lihan), Chunyang sect (Lu Dongbin), Haichan sect (Liu Cao), Sanfeng sect (Zhang Sanfeng), Sa Zu sect (Sa Shojian), Ziyang sect (Zhang Boduan), Wuliu sect (Wu Chongxu, Liu Huayang), Chongyang sect (Wang Zhongfu), Yinxi sect (Guan Yin), Jinshan sect (Sun Xuanqing), Yanzu sect (Yan Xiyan) )wait.

According to Taoist sects, there are Hunyuan sect (Tai Shang Laojun), Nanwu sect (Tan Churui), Qingjing sect (Sun Buer), Jinhui sect (Qi Benshou), Zhengyi sect (Zhang Xu) Jing), Qingwei Sect (Ma Danyang), Tianxian Sect (Lü Chunyang), Xuanwu Sect (Zhenwu Emperor), Jingming Sect (Xu Jingyang), Yunyang Sect (Zhang Guolao), Nihility Sect (Li Tieguai), Yunhe Sect ( He Xiangu), Jindan Sect (Cao Guoshu), Yuxian Sect (Qiaoyang Zhenren), Lingbao Sect (Zhou Zu), Taiyi Sect (Xiao Baozhen), Quanzhen Sect (Wang Chongyang), Zhengyi Sect (Zhang Zongyan) ), Vacuum Sect (Guzu), Tieguan Sect (Zhou Zu), Rixin Sect, Natural Sect (Zhang Sanfeng), Xiantian Sect, Guanghui Sect, etc.

In history, there are Zhengyi Sect (Zhang Daoling), Nanzong (Lü Chunyang), Beizong (Wang Chongyang), Zhendazong (Zhang Qingzhi), Taiyi Sect (Huangdongyi), and five major sects. And the division of the four major schools of Tianshi Tao, Quanzhen Tao, Lingbao Tao and Qingwei Tao. There are also eight schools of thought: Daode, Xiantian, Lingbao, Zhengyi, Qingwei, Jingming, Yutang, and Tianxin.

Nowadays, many sects have declined. The famous remaining sects include Quanzhen Sect in the north, Zhengyi Sect in the south, Maoshan Sect, Laoshan Sect, Wudang Sect, Lushan Sect and folk Taoist sects in Hong Kong and Taiwan. .

[Edit this paragraph]Taoist organizations

China Taoist Association, provincial-level local Taoist associations, regional and municipal-level local Taoist associations,

[edit This paragraph] Taoist magic

The word Taoism comes from Zhuangzi. "Tian Xia Chapter" "See "Zhuangzi. "Tian Xia Chapter" has the same meaning as "Fang Shu" and "Fang Technique". In Taoism, people also call it "Xian Shu".

Taoism engages in many Taoist arts, such as divination, talismans, prayers, forbidden incantations, inner elixirs, outer elixirs, furnace yellow and white, bigu, walking, housework, elixirs, and taking qi, etc. wait. Ma Duanlin of the Song Dynasty gave a brief introduction to Taoism in his "Wenwen Tongkao", saying: "There is a theory of quietness; another theory of refining and nourishing; another thing of taking food; another thing of talismans and seal scripts; and another thing of classic science and education." He said that Huang Lao Liezhuang's books talked about purity and inaction, but did not mention refinement and nourishment; Chisongzi and Wei Boyang only talked about refinement and nourishment but not about purity; Lu Sheng, Tao Shaojun and Luan Daya talked about taking food but not about refinement and nourishment; Zhang Daoling and Guan Qian talked about talismans and seal scripts but did not talk about refining and nourishing food, while Du Guangting and others only talked about classic science and education.

There are many Taoist techniques, which are divided into five categories. The five Taoist techniques are roughly explained as follows:

1. Mountain

The so-called "mountain" is through food , foundation building, mystical scriptures, boxing, spells and other methods to cultivate the "body" and "spirit" in order to achieve a kind of knowledge that fills the body and mind.

Feeding - is a method of using tonics, wine and daily diet to strengthen physical strength and treat diseases.

Foundation building - is a method of using meditation to control essence, energy, and spirit, thereby increasing physical strength.

Xuandian - is a way to cultivate the mind and nature based on the thoughts of Laozi and Zhuangzi.

Boxing - is a method of practicing various martial arts to strengthen the body.

Talisman - is a kind of psychic and cultivation spell. Its main function is to avoid evil, suppress evil, seek good luck and avoid evil.

All in all, "Shan" is a kind of knowledge that uses various methods such as meditation, cultivation, martial arts, and diet therapy to cultivate a perfect personality.

2. Medicine

The so-called "medicine" is a method that uses prescriptions, acupuncture, spiritual healing and other methods to maintain health and treat diseases.

Prescription - is a kind of prescription that uses various medicines to make powders and pills to treat diseases and practice.

Acupuncture - collectively known as acupuncture and moxibustion, is a method that uses the principles of human veins and qi and blood circulation to stimulate the affected area to treat diseases

Spiritual healing - a method that uses the control of people's minds (mental states) to treat people's diseases. This is what is now called "psychotherapy."

In short, "medicine" is a method of treating human diseases using prescriptions, acupuncture, spiritual healing and other methods.

3. Fate

The so-called "fate" is a kind of knowledge that understands life through reasoning about fate, understands the laws of nature, and then improves human life. The main works used in fortune-telling include "Ziwei Dou Shu", "Ziping's Fortune-telling", "Xing Ping Hui Hai", etc.

The method is based on the time of birth and the theory of yin and yang and the five behaviors.

In short, "fate" is the knowledge of predicting people's destiny, and then achieving good luck and avoiding bad luck, thereby improving the needs of human development.

4. Phase

The so-called "phase" generally includes five types: "print phase, name phase, person phase, family phase, and tomb phase (feng shui)" to observe the phenomena that exist in them. A kind of alchemy of boundary shape.

Sealing is a method of looking at people’s seals to determine their destiny. In China, printing used to be a certificate of power.

Name and phase - is a method of inferring good or bad development

based on a person's name or the name of a shop, through the five-part profile, and at the same time using numerology and other combinations.

Personal physiognomy - it is divided into two categories: facial physiognomy and palmistry. It is a method of knowing a person's fortune and pathology by observing the lines and complexion of the face and hands.

Family appearance - that is, the Feng Shui of the Yangzhai, a method of observing its pattern and analyzing it to infer the good and bad fortune of the place where humans live.

Tomb appearance (Feng Shui) - that is, the Yin Mansion, is a method of choosing a place to bury ancestors to provide shelter for future generations.

In short, "Xiang" is a method of observing the objects seen by the eyes in order to seek good luck and avoid bad luck.

5. Divination

The so-called "divination" includes three types of divination, auspicious selection, and situation prediction. Its purpose is to predict and deal with things. The types of divination can be divided into "Easy to Break" and "Liu Ren Shen Lesson".

Divination - The so-called divination is based on the theory of "Book of Changes" and combines the mutual constraints of heaven, man and earth to infer good fortune

and bad luck.

Selecting auspiciousness - the main work is represented by "Qi Men Dun Jia", which deals with the development of things through the combination of layout, cloth fighting, spells, etc.

Unlucky factors are mainly used in Ancient military.

Forecasting Bureau - the main work is represented by "Taiyi Divine Number". Through the technique of twelve fortune hexagrams, it is used to predict the political destiny of the country,

Qi Number, and the law of historical changes. The art of mathematics.

[Edit this paragraph] Taoist practice

★Neidan★Health★Martial Arts

Taoist practice had many names in ancient times, such as cultivation, cultivation, Cultivation, self-cultivation, health preservation, hygiene, longevity techniques, etc. To name a few. Now it is generally called "cultivation", "cultivation" or "health preservation".

The meaning of practice is to cultivate one’s nature and refine one’s life. Xing refers to the spirit, and destiny refers to the body. Cultivation means self-control of the spirit and body through certain methods and methods, so as to achieve the lofty goal of "my destiny is determined by me and not by heaven"

[Edit this paragraph] Taoism Etiquette

Taoist etiquette is the code of conduct for Taoist priests in their daily lives. The difference between it and the precepts is that the precepts are clearly stated in terms, and those who violate them will be punished. Etiquette is the minimum code of conduct for Taoist priests, and those who violate it will be regarded as having bad conduct. It belongs to the Taoist etiquette part. The content of Taoist etiquette is very complex, ranging from daily greetings to walking in and out. Everything has a certain etiquette. At the same time, the external etiquette style of a monk or Taoist is also a reflection of his moral cultivation.

[Edit this paragraph] Taoist figures

Fuxi, Nuwa, Huangdi, Laozi, Zhuangzi, Liezi, Guan Yinzi, Maoying River Gong, Yan Junping, Huangshi Gong, Zhang Liang, Zhang Ling, Wei Boyang

Yu Ji, Zuo Ci, Ge Xuan, Xu Xun, Ge Hong, Kou Qianzhi, Lu Xiujing, Tao Hongjing, Wang Jia, Sun Simiao

Cheng Xuanying, Li Rong, Wang Xuanlan, Sima Chengzhen, Wu Jun, Du Guangting, Zhong Liquan, Lu Dongbin, Liu Haichan, Peng Xiao

Chen Tuan, Zhang Boduan, Shi Tai, Xue Daoguang, Chen Nan, Bai Yuchan, Liu Yongnian, Weng Baoguang, Xiao Tingzhi, Peng Shu

Wang Chongyang, Ma Yu, Qiu Chuji, Tan Chuduan, Liu Chuxuan, Wang Chuyi, Hao Datong, Sun Buer, Cao Wenyi, Li Daochun

Zhang Junfang, Wang Zhijin, Zhang Sanfeng, Sun Xuanqing, Sun Ruzhong, Lu Xixing, Wu Chongxu, Wang Changyue, Huang Shouzhong, Min Xiaogen

Liu Yiming, Fu Jinquan, Liu Huayang, Li Hanxu, Huang Yuanji, Wang Dongting, Xu Songyao, Liu Mingrui, Zhao Bichen, Chen Yingning

[Edit this paragraph] Taoism Thirty-six Cave Heavens and Seventy-two Blessed Lands

The following are arranged in order according to the "Heaven and Earth Palace Map" by Taoist Sima Chengzhen of the Tang Dynasty

Ten major caves: Xiaoyou Qingxu Tian, Dayoukong tomorrow, Taixuanzongzhentian, Sanxuanjizhentian, Baoxianjiushitian, Shangyuqingpingshan, Zhumingyaozhentian, Jintanhuayangtian, Zuoshenyouxutian, Chengdeyinxuantian

Thirty-six small caves: Huolin Cave, Pengxuan Cave, Zhuling Cave, Xianlin Cave, Xuanguan Cave, Sima Cave, Xuling Cave, Dongling Zhentian, Shanchishui Cave, Huiji Kangdongtian, Xuandedongtian, Tianbaodongtian, Shengshangdongtian, Tiansidongtian, Xuanzhendongtian, Zhenhuadongtian, Tailedongtian, Dayudongtian, Yaobaodongtian, Baoxuandongtian, Xiuledongtian, Yubaodongtian, Yang Guandongtian, Taiyuan Dongtian, Huamiao Dongtian, Jinting Dongtian, Danxia Dongtian, Xiandu Dongtian, Qingtian Dongtian, Zhuri Dongtian, Taisheng Dongtian, Liangchang Dongtian, Zixuan Dongtian, Tiangaidongtian, Baima Dongtian, Jinhua Dongtian

Seventy-two blessed places: Difei Mountain, Gaizhu Mountain, Xianshan Mountain, Dongxianyuan, Xixianyuan, Nantian Mountain, Yuliu Mountain, Lantau Mountain, Yumu Cave, Danxia Mountain, Junshan, Da Ruoyan, Jiaoyuan, Lingxu, Wozhou, Tianmuling, Ruoye River, Jinting Mountain, Qingyuan Mountain, Anshan, Maling Mountain, Eyang Mountain, Dongzhenxu, Qingyutan, Guangtiantan, Donglingyuan , Donggong Mountain, Taoshan, Huangjing, Lanke Mountain, Lexi, Longhu Mountain, Lingshan, Quanyuan, Jinjing Mountain, Gezao Mountain, Shifeng Mountain, Xiaoyao Mountain, Dongbaiyuan, Bochi Mountain, Non Mountain, Maogong Tan, Jilong Mountain, Tongbai Mountain, Pingdu Mountain, Luluo Mountain, Huxi Mountain, Zhanglong Mountain, Baofu Mountain, Damian Mountain, Yuanchen Mountain, Horseshoe Mountain, Deshan, Gaoxi Lanshui Mountain, Lanshui, Yu Feng, Tianzhu Mountain, Shanggu Mountain, Zhanggong Cave, Simamei Mountain, Changzai Mountain, Zhongtiao Mountain, Huyucheng Cave, Mianzhu Mountain, Lushui, Ganshan, Hanshan, Yunshan, Lushan, Donghaishan. If Brother Dao returns, If necessary, you can come to me or Taoist Master Quanqing’s QQ. My QQ is 67504850, and Brother Quanqing’s QQ is 543177825. He also has an introduction in his QQ space. Chinese Taoism will answer your questions!

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