What are the characteristics of the Mediterranean climate?

Meteorology is famous for its "Mediterranean climate", which is characterized by hot and dry summer, warm and humid winter, changeable weather in spring and short autumn. Because this climate feature is the most widely distributed and typical in the Mediterranean region, all kinds of climate in the world are called "Mediterranean climate". In addition, the prevalence of strong winds is another major climate feature of the Mediterranean.

Because evaporation is greater than precipitation and runoff, the water level in the Mediterranean is lower than that in the Atlantic, and the salinity is higher. The average salinity of the surface layer is about 38%.

Since ancient times, the Mediterranean Sea has been a channel for exchanges and trade between Europe, Asia and Africa. The Mediterranean route from Suez Canal to the Strait of Gibraltar is one of the busiest waterways in the world. There are Beirut, Port Said, Alexandria, Algiers, Marseille, Barcelona, Genoa, Naples and other ports along the coast. The Mediterranean is rich in algae, as well as economic organisms such as dolphins, lobsters, oysters and crabs, squid, jellyfish and corals. The coast is also a good place to dry salt.