What are the domestic airplanes and helicopters?
Naoki: It is the first multi-purpose helicopter made in China, and it is also the beginning of scientific research and application of the new China helicopter. The initial development code was "Cyclone 25", and the prototype was the Soviet Mi -4 helicopter. 1958 In February, Harbin Aircraft Industry Company began to imitate Mi -4 according to the complete set of drawings provided by the Soviet Union. 1958 65438+first flight on February 14, 1959 was officially accepted by the national appraisal Committee and put into mass production. The aircraft was once equipped with our air force navy and has now been retired.
Straight 6: Harbin Aircraft Factory undertook the design of straight 6. 1968, Zhi 6 helicopter officially issued the national mission. The Third Engine Department decided that the newly established Helicopter Design and Research Institute should be responsible for the design of Zhi 6, and Harbin Aircraft Factory should be responsible for the manufacture of Zhi 6. Zhi -6 is an airborne multi-purpose medium-sized helicopter, which is modified on the basis of Zhi -5 and equipped with an engine. 1February, 1969, the static test was carried out in Zhi 6, and the final assembly was completed in Hafei factory in February of that year. 1969 12 15, the pilot Wang successfully conducted the first test flight of the Zhi -6 helicopter. For the success of this first test flight, Wang made three test flights on the Zhi -5 helicopter in advance, simulating the situation that the engine suddenly stopped in the air and landed by rotating the rotor. 1970 65438+ 10, the flight test of Zhi -6 helicopter was successful in the high temperature plateau. For various reasons, the machine has not been produced and installed.
Naoko: 197 1 year Naoko started the static testing and debugging of the airframe and components. At the same time, the leading organ decided to use Zhi 7 as the testing machine of the ship-borne helicopter. By September of 197l, the work of changing Zhi 7 into a ship-borne helicopter stopped and continued to be developed as an ordinary helicopter. In May, 1975, 97% of the parts of Straight 7 were processed and assembled into two airframes, and the finished products produced by supporting equipment reached 90%. 1979, Zhi 7 heavy helicopter completed the static test of the whole aircraft. However, on June 28th, 1979, the state decided to stop developing Zhi -7 heavy helicopter. The reason is that due to the limited national financial resources, it is impossible to invest in the development of two types of heavy helicopters at the same time. In order to fully ensure that Jiangxi Jingdezhen Helicopter Factory undertakes the development of Zhi -8 helicopter project, Zhi -7 helicopter had to give way to Zhi -8, thus declaring the death of Zhi -7 heavy helicopter.
Naoki: At the end of 1970s, China purchased 14 sa3, 2 1 Super Hornet large multi-purpose helicopters developed by the French Aerospace Industry Corporation and handed them over to the naval air force for use. This model was delivered in France on 1966, and became the first generation carrier aircraft in China after being equipped. On this basis, China Helicopter Research and Development Institute and China Changhe Aircraft Factory copied the Super Hornet into a large multi-purpose helicopter. The prototype was first tested in1985 65438+February, and the second prototype was tested in1987 65438+1October. 1989 received the license on April 8.
Zhijiu: It is a dual-engine light multi-purpose helicopter developed and produced by Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Company of China, and the French patent SA-365n Dauphin)2 was introduced. /kloc-0 officially introduced patented production in June, 1980, and/kloc-0 completed the assembly of the first straight -9 helicopter in June, 1982. 1in may, 988, zhi -9 localization headquarters signed a contract with relevant departments. Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Company is the general contractor. After more than three years of cooperation with more than 90 other factories, we finally made a major breakthrough. 199265438+1October 16 localized Zhi -9 (localization rate reached 7 1.9%) successfully made its first flight in Hafei. China developed this type of armed helicopter in order to make up for the serious shortage of the Army's armed anti-tank helicopter. (called Wu Zhi Jiu Shi)
* Shi Zhi has not disclosed relevant project plans at present. This project is mainly undertaken by Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Company (HAMC), a subsidiary of China Second Aviation Group. 1992 guides the research and development of more than 40 related institutes across the country, which is a key research project of the army during the Ninth Five-Year Plan and is valued by the leaders of the General Assembly Department of the army. Lieutenant General Xu Huaizhong, Vice Minister of the General Assembly Department, visited the company several times to inspect the progress of the project.
XI: Refer to the civil production license issued by scaa for French gazelle.
AW 139 and CAl09 helicopters: These helicopters are manufactured by Jiangxi Changhe agusta Helicopter Co., Ltd. and equipped by Beijing, Dalian and Shenzhen police.
HC 120 (domestic EC 120) Daqing police equipment
Other helicopters (not made in China):
Ka -28: Developed by Kamov Design Bureau of Russia, it is a naval anti-submarine/search and rescue helicopter with NATO code name "Spiral". The export type of Ka -28 is developed on the basis of Ka -27. The main difference between it and the latter is that the airborne equipment and identification system are different, and its oil load is very large (4470 liters). The Ka -28 helicopter is larger and has a longer battery life. At the end of 1990s, China purchased 8 ~ 10 Ka-28 ASW/SAR helicopters and deployed them on two Russian-made 956E (modern-class) guided missile destroyers.
Mi -6: The PLA Army Air Force has a small number of Mi -6 (NATO code name "Hook") heavy transport helicopters. It is believed that these helicopters were purchased from the Soviet Union in 1970, and only recently did they begin to disclose a small amount of information to the public. The cruising speed of Mi -6 is 250 km/h, the range is 620 km, and the maximum load is 12 ton. It is said that three planes have crashed and the remaining service life has expired.
Mi -8: In the 1970s and 1990s, the famous Mi-8 and its major modification Mi-17 of the Soviet Miri Design Bureau were launched one after another to supplement the weak aviation strength of the Army Aviation. Because the design of Zhi -5 developed by China is very old, the subsequent Zhi -6 and Zhi -8 have either not been finalized or postponed, and the arrival of Mi -8 and Mi-17 has undoubtedly alleviated the urgent need. Mi -8 imports a small quantity, and Mi-17 imports a large quantity, which is said to reach hundreds and can be made in China.
Mi 17 1: It is a new type helicopter designed by Russian Miri Design Bureau and produced by Russian Ulan-Ude Aviation Production Company. It is a modern improvement of the famous Mi -8T and Mi-17. Compared with Mi -8T and Mi-17, its performance and reliability are significantly improved. The new aircraft was developed in 1988 and produced in 199 1 year. It can carry about 20 to 25 passengers. Paratroopers 15. There is about 120 in China, and it can be produced by itself.
Mi -26: It is an ultra-heavy transport helicopter developed by Russian Miri Helicopter Design Bureau, and it is also the only helicopter with the heaviest total weight in the world. The aircraft was developed at 197 1, made its public debut at the 34th Paris Air Show in June, and was exported at 19865438. NATO is nicknamed the halo.
Black Hawk: This aircraft was developed by Sikorsky Company of the United States, and the number in the US military is UH-60. At present, it is the general-purpose helicopter with the largest number of equipment in the US Army, with a wide range of uses and various modifications. All kinds of helicopters include 1984 Black Hawk imported from America. In July, China signed a contract with Sikorsky Company of the United States to purchase 24 S-70 Black Hawk helicopters, 1984, and the first batch of 4 Black Hawks arrived in Tianjin, China, 1984. S-70 is the only American equipment known to the public in the PLA sequence, and it is also the helicopter with the best plateau performance owned by the PLA so far.
SA34 1/342: The "Little Antelope" light helicopter was jointly developed by the former French Aerospace Company (now the French branch of Eurocopter) and the British westland Helicopter Company. In order to deal with the threat of the powerful Soviet armored cluster, China began to seek the possibility of importing advanced anti-tank helicopters from foreign countries in the late 1970s. Soon the PLA selected the "Little Antelope" helicopter, which was not the most advanced at that time. A total of 24 aircraft were purchased.
EC 120: Eurocopter's second helicopter assembly line in the world was built in Harbin, with an annual output of 20 helicopters. This cooperation not only enabled Hafei to realize the leap from producing EC 120 helicopter parts to the final assembly of the whole machine, but also became a symbol that China truly has the ability to design and manufacture the world's most advanced helicopters. Guangdong police are equipped with
EC 135: The EC- 135 produced by Eurocopter, which is equipped by the police in Shanghai and Guangdong, is a light dual-engine multi-purpose helicopter with excellent performance and is widely used all over the world.
EC225: China Maritime Rescue Agency will import two ships from Europe to strengthen the coastal air rescue force.
R44 cruise helicopter: produced by Robinson Company of the United States; At present, police in Nanjing, Jiangsu, Yulin, Shaanxi, Zhengzhou, Henan and Sanmenxia; Hebei forest defense station and other equipment.
Jaguar: AS332L Super Jaguar was purchased by China from French in 1960s+0980s, with a purchase quantity of 8 vehicles. Because its flight performance was considered as a fairly good medium-sized transport helicopter in China at that time, it was rarely used for military transport, mainly for VIP aircraft, and its military role was very low.
Bell 206: Bell 206 is a light multipurpose helicopter developed by American Bell Company on the basis of OH-4A light observation helicopter. The aircraft made its first test flight in 1966+ 10, and obtained the airworthiness certificate of the FAA in 1966+ 10. Capital Navigation Company purchased Bell 206 L-4.
S76 /S96 civil transport aircraft produced by Sikorsky Company. Eastern Airlines is used for transportation of offshore oil fields.
Domestic aircraft:
Transport aircraft: No.7, No.8, 10 (only two were dismounted later), ARJ2 1, xinzhou 60 and C9 19 under development (190 class).
Combat categories: 歼 5, 歼 6, 歼 7, 歼 8, 歼 10, 歼 12 (disassembly), 歼 1 (China version of Su -27), Qiang 5.
Bombers: H 5, H 6, J 7.
Trainers: K8, JJ 5, JJ 6, JJ 7, Beginners 5, Beginners 6, Higher Education 9 (Shan Ying), L 15 Trainers.
Early warning aircraft: IL76 Y8 balance beam
Glider: Liberation Series
UAV: Yangtze River Series