Why do the children in the big class guide the weather forecast for the day and the week?
According to the characteristics that children in large classes can further improve their understanding of time series, they can expand their understanding of longer time concepts such as week, month and year on the basis of their short-term understanding of today, yesterday and tomorrow. At the same time, teachers must think about how to help children sort out and improve the existing sporadic experiences, and how to organically integrate daily activities with time, so as to promote children's initial understanding of time series and other related characteristics, break through the original thinking, enhance new experiences, and thus form a correct view of time.
1, from near to far, perceive the concept of time.
There are many familiar festivals and special activities in a year. At the beginning of the big class, the calendars of all months included in a semester are presented in the creation of the environment, and familiar festivals and important activities are marked on the calendars with the children. Whenever these festivals or activities come, lead the children to expect activities, starting from knowing the month, and then pay attention to the passage of time by counting down, and then show these meaningful photos on the date one by one after the activity. When the New Year comes and the eve of graduation, I will recall the good times I spent with my children in the past and tell my own growing mental journey. In the process of children's joy and gratitude for the past and present, the time series relationship between years and days is more complete and clear.
While reviewing the good times we have spent together, we should further guide our children to understand that the past and present times are good, but they are gone forever. When thinking about the future, we should set small goals with our children and lock in the completion time. At the same time, it is necessary to let children understand the preciousness of time by reading "Mr. Jin Lao buys seeds" and understand that time is constantly passing. We should appreciate Tomorrow through its stories and ancient poems.
2. Break through the difficulties and understand the concept of time.
Through the investigation, it is found (see annex) that the cognitive ability of large class children on time accuracy has begun to develop, but there is a great difference. The children in the big class have just started to touch the clock, and it is difficult for them to read the numbers 1 to 12 on the clock into 5 minutes, 10 minutes or even 55 minutes, so I marked 5, 10 and 65438+ beside the numbers on the wall clock. What do you mean a few more, and what do you mean a long needle? What time is it now? Read continuously. Can effectively solve the above problems. When children learn to record time, they will not convert clock time into digital time, so I will match an electronic clock and watch it for comparative study and record. Similarly, in the understanding of the month, children always don't know when it is from the end of last month to the beginning of next month. I use the transition method to let the children learn to fill in. Write the last day of last month at the beginning of this month, let the children fill in the last day of next month, then fill in the date of this month by themselves, and finally transition to directly fill in the date of this month without filling in the last day of next month.
(B) enhance the awareness of cherishing time
Time is very important to everyone, and we also need to face the big class children in primary school to understand the preciousness of time and cherish it. But because time is invisible and intangible in real life, children often ignore the existence of time. Therefore, it is indispensable for children to understand and cherish the time in life, and it is one of the important methods to cultivate children's concept of time.
After entering the big class, we often carry out some activities to simulate primary school students. Do what you can and learn activities within the specified time. Children are often in a hurry when they try for the first time. Some pencil boxes are forgotten, even if they are brought, the time will pass by while sharpening pencils and playing with other people's stationery. I was thinking about how to make children understand how to finish learning tasks effectively in unit time, so I designed it twice to let children choose to do one thing in one minute. For the first time, children are used to doing things normally, and the efficiency of doing things in one minute is very low. Everyone thinks it's because time is too short. However, when I showed my teachers and children the speed of doing things in one minute, especially when I saw that my companions could jump rope 96 times in one minute, the children suddenly realized from their surprise: in fact, we can do more things in one minute and we can't waste time.
I also let children further understand the preciousness of time through literary works and other vivid stories. Master Jin Buy Seeds is a picture book. By reading with my children, I can understand that time is passing by. Through the story of "Waiting for Tomorrow" and ancient poems, enjoy "Song of Tomorrow" and so on, let children understand that today's things should be done today, not tomorrow, because the lost time is gone forever. On this basis, I also choose the inspirational stories of celebrities who cherish time that children are familiar with as examples to further inspire children to know how to cherish time.
Learn how to manage time.
1, do things on time
We found that some children play as soon as they enter the bathroom before lunch, and talk while eating. A meal is always much longer than the agreed time. In order to change this situation, the teacher told the children that the lunch time was 30 minutes. In order to further strengthen this concept of time, I agreed with the children that anyone who finishes his meal within 30 minutes can be rewarded with a little red star. This is very effective. Many children have changed their old habits and obviously accelerated their eating speed, but with them, they washed their hands in a hurry. Some children even went to eat without soaping or wiping towels, while others wolfed down. What shall we do? The teacher throws a question: Is it quick to wash your hands without soap and towels? What's the harm in wolfing down a meal? I also invited a health care teacher to come to class to let the children know that eating too fast and too slow will affect their health. Next, we agreed with the children to record their meal time with red and blue pens. The red pen is used to record the time between 15-30 minutes, and the blue pen is used to warn yourself whether this time has been exceeded or not. Interestingly, some children who usually eat too fast can't slow down at once, but they are very unwilling when it comes to blue pen records, so they begin to pay attention to time to adjust the speed of eating. In the limited meal time, children gradually establish the concept of observing time, and most children will adjust their meal time.
Step 2 do things in an orderly way
Children in large classes are relatively independent, and many things in life can be done by themselves. However, in daily observation, it is found that some children are disorganized and disorganized when putting several things together, which delays time and affects follow-up activities. They do this every morning when they come to the park. So I led the children to list the things to do in the garden in the future, and then named them "Five Things to Come to the Garden" with the children, and put them at the door of the classroom with catchy rhyming illustrations. Every day, when children come to the garden, they can do everything in the garden in an orderly and unrestrained way under the guidance of illustrations, and then from the link of "coming to the garden" to the link of leaving the garden and then to other links of life.
Step 3 do things in a planned way
With the coming of winter vacation, children will face a relaxed and free living environment, and teachers and parents are very worried: relaxed family life often makes children's work and rest irregular, and watching TV and playing games has become the main theme of life, which often makes some children waste this precious time during holidays, and even leads to a lazy lifestyle at home. How to arrange holiday life? How to mobilize children's awareness of self-management, learn to arrange holiday life independently during holidays, and develop good holiday habits, thus the theme activity "Winter Holiday Plan" was born. Based on the fact that winter vacation is not only a physical and mental relaxation, but also a meaningful thing to do, our orientation is to choose winter vacation activities from three aspects: children, parents and teachers, including "what I like to do", "what parents want me to do" and "what teachers arrange". Under the guidance of the teacher, guide the children to interpret the date of winter vacation and the activities on the day of kindergarten, and start the activities through parents. Parents and children are invited to make winter vacation plans together and make specific agreements on daily schedules and activities. During the winter vacation, parents are invited to evaluate their children's performance every day. After the winter vacation, organize children to communicate and introduce the tasks they completed according to the schedule during the winter vacation.
In the feedback from parents, parents have affirmed that the winter vacation plan has promoted children's reasonable arrangement of daily life at home, cultivated children's good life rules and significantly improved their self-discipline ability.
4. Do the important things first.
After visiting the primary school, paying attention to cultivating children's autonomy and reasonably arranging ten minutes between classes have become our new breakthrough point. After a child knows the length of one minute, he can quickly calculate that ten minutes is ten minutes. Then make a list with the children, what is important, what needs to be done first, and what is not important. We made a sign of "ten minutes between classes". At the beginning of the break, we use sign language and language to prompt what to do first, and then we switch to show only sign language, and the language does not prompt. Gradually, the children's behavior changed. When the concentrated music played, no children ran into the toilet again. Many children bring some toys, books, etc. Some children just put on their watches with the support of their parents to keep track of time. Children begin to learn to master time, and their sense of control over time is enhanced.
(D) to develop the habit of staying at home.
1, theme salon
In view of the common problems in children's work, such as procrastination and unpunctuality, special discussions such as "Don't be late for the garden", "Don't delay", "Winter vacation plan" and "tripartite cooperation to formulate personal challenge books" are held regularly. In the process of launching the salon, we should first raise parents' awareness, learn the importance of cultivating children's time view with parents, and analyze their own problems, so that parents can fully realize that their children's problems reflect their neglect. At the same time, give full play to the role of parents, find effective resources from parents to share experience and pass on wisdom, so as to help parents truly establish a firm belief in cultivating children's time concept and lay the foundation for helping children gradually establish time concept.
2. Based on family daily life.
In cultivating children's consistent behavior habits at home, we should find and design links and activities related to kindergartens and families, and work together with parents to guide children to learn to manage time. After the activities of going to kindergarten on time are carried out, parents and children are asked to make plans to go to bed early and get up early, such as guiding and urging children to tidy up their small schoolbags, put away their clothes, get up in the morning and limit the washing time every night. Parents lead their children to conduct self-evaluation every week, and feedback and exchange evaluation results among peers. Over time, children have developed a good habit of not being late for kindergarten. In life activities, such as dressing, washing face, eating, etc., we ask parents to do it simultaneously, consciously let their children watch the clock, and give them a time to finish it every time, especially in the sprint stage of young convergence, so that children can learn to manage themselves in learning and complete their learning tasks without interference.
3. Focus on a single child as a breakthrough.
Because every child has a different concept of time, for children who have difficulty in time perception, teachers strengthen their cognition through personalized learning on the one hand, and play the role of parents on the other hand, hanging calendars and putting clocks in places where children often go out, so that children can often associate events with time. For children who have difficulty in understanding clocks and watches, teachers can recommend effective guidance methods to parents, and then parents can guide their children.
For children with strong dependence, slow response and weak hands-on ability, targeted training is carried out. Teachers often take advantage of parents' time to pick up and drop off their children, and suggest that parents let their children put on and take off their clothes themselves. Parents are more about reminding, urging and guiding their children to do it themselves. Similarly, parents are required to let their children do something within their power, and time is counted in the process of completion.