How did the name of the typhoon come from?

Wang Cunzhong's article "The Origin and Naming Principles of Typhoon Terms" was published in Volume 8, No.2, 2006, and discussed the historical evolution of the word "typhoon". The author believes that in ancient times, people called typhoons hurricanes, and it was not until the late Ming and early Qing dynasties that the name "typhoon" was taken as a general term for cold wave gale or non-typhoon gale.

There are two theories about the origin of typhoon. The first category is "tone sandhi theory", which includes three types:

1, which evolved from Cantonese "gale";

2. It evolved from Minnan dialect "Fengtai";

3. During the Dutch occupation of Taiwan Province Province, it was named after Typhoon Taifeng, a character in the Greek theocratic epic.

The second category is the theory of origin. Because Taiwan Province Province is located in the Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea, most typhoons travel northward, and many typhoons enter the mainland through the Taiwan Province Strait, so they are called typhoons. "Typhoon" is a transliteration word. Typhoon in English is transliterated into English according to the Cantonese pronunciation of Chinese, and then enters the vocabulary of Mandarin.

In American English, a typhoon refers to a tropical storm that occurs in the western Pacific or Indian Ocean. If we trace back to its etymology, perhaps few words can show the multilingual background of Chinese, Arabic, East Indies and Greek like a typhoon.

The Greek word typhoon is not only the name of Fengshen, but also a common noun, meaning "whirlwind, typhoon", which was borrowed from Arabic (just like many Greek words entered Arabic in the Middle Ages, when the knowledge of Arabs retained its classical style, it was expanded when it spread to Europe).

Tufan, the Arabic form of Greek, was introduced into the language used by Indians, and Arabic-speaking Muslim invaders settled in India in the 1 1 century. In this way, the derivation of Arabic words entered English from Hindi (first recorded in 1588) and appeared in English in the form of touffon and tufan, especially the violent storm in India.

In China, typhoon is another word for tropical storm. Toi fung, the Cantonese form of Chinese words, is similar to our Arabic loanwords. It was first loaded into English in the form of tuffoon at 1699, and all forms merged together and finally became a typhoon.

Extended data:

Both typhoons and hurricanes are tropical cyclones, but they occur in different places and have different names. They are called typhoons in the western part of the North Pacific Ocean and west of the international international date line, including the South China Sea and the East China Sea of China. Tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean or the eastern North Pacific Ocean are called hurricanes, which means hurricanes in the United States and typhoons in the Philippines, China and Japan. If it is in the southern hemisphere, it is called a whirlwind.

1, which refers to tropical cyclones in the Asia-Pacific and South China Sea;

2. Typhoon is a strong tropical cyclone produced on the tropical ocean surface;

3. Use place, time and name.

Typhoon transit is often accompanied by strong winds and strong convective weather such as heavy rain or torrential rain. The wind rotates counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere (clockwise in the southern hemisphere).

The typhoon center is a low pressure center, which is dominated by the vertical movement of airflow. It was calm and sunny. Near the eye of the typhoon, there is a vortex wind and rain area with heavy wind and rain. The typhoon with the strongest intensity and the lowest pressure near the center in history is the super typhoon Taibei (English: Typhoon Tip, translated by Taiwan Province Province: Dipu), 1979 caused extensive floods in Japan.

Typhoon is caused by high ground temperature and rising airflow. Because of the high ratio of sea surface wind and water vapor, the ground air is supplemented along the ground, while the low sea surface temperature absorbs the rising air and water vapor to supplement the space. Due to the large sea surface and small temperature difference, there is a lot of water vapor accumulated over the sea surface, and the rainfall range is wide. When the water vapor condenses, the volume shrinks, and the surrounding water vapor supplements to form a strong wind.

The center of the typhoon is called typhoon eye, which is concentric circles, and it is divided into vortex wind and rain area and peripheral gale area from inside to outside. The typhoon eye is formed because the wind in the typhoon blows counterclockwise, which makes the central air rotate. The centrifugal force produced by rotation is balanced with the wind blowing towards the center.

However, the strong wind can no longer converge to the center, thus forming a windless phenomenon within dozens of kilometers of the center of the typhoon, and because of the phenomenon of air sinking and warming, the clouds and rain disappear and become the eye of the typhoon.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Typhoon (Meteorological Term)