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The Long March
Mao Zedong [Modern]
The red army is not afraid of the expedition, and Qianshan is just idle.
Wuling makes waves, and Wumeng takes mud pills.
Jinsha River is warm in the clouds and cliffs, and Dadu Bridge is cold in the iron bars.
I'm glad to see that Minshan Mountain is covered with snow and stretches for miles. Our soldiers crossed it and showed a bright smile.
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The Red Army is not afraid of all the difficulties and hardships on the Long March, and regards Qian Shan as ordinary.
Wuling Mountain is endless, but in the eyes of the Red Army, it is like a small billowing wave. Wumeng Mountain is tall and majestic, but in the eyes of the Red Army, it is like a mud ball rolled under its feet.
The Jinsha River is covered with turbid waves, and the rushing water beats against the towering cliffs, splashing mist like steam. The cross frame of the dangerous bridge on the Dadu River is shaking the iron rope hanging high in the air, and the chill bursts.
What is even more gratifying is that the mountains are thousands of miles away and covered with snow. After the Red Army crossed, everyone was in high spirits and laughed.
To annotate ...
Seven Rhymes: Seven Rhymes are a kind of metrical poems, each of which is generally eight sentences and seven words, and is divided into four parts: the first couplet, the parallel couplet, the neck couplet and the tail couplet; Even if the last word of the sentence is even, the last word of the first sentence can be bet or not, and it must rhyme to the end; Emphasis should be placed on straightforward narration within and between sentences, and antithesis should be used as usual in the middle four sentences.
Long March: From 1934 to 10, the main force of the Central Red Army made a strategic shift from the central revolutionary base area, passing through eleven provinces such as Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet, Gansu and Shaanxi. And defeated the enemy's repeated encirclement and interception, defeated countless military, political and natural dangers, and marched 20,000.
Difficulties: difficulties and obstacles.
Idle: ordinary; Normal.
Wuling: Dayuling, Qitianling, Dupangling, Zhumengling and Yuechengling located between Jiangxi, Hunan and Guangdong.
Winding: describes the continuous winding of roads, mountains and rivers.
Xiao Lang: The author explained: "Comparing this mountain to Xiao Lang or Mud Pill means' just waiting for leisure'."
Wumeng: The name of the mountain. Wumeng Mountain, at the junction of western Guizhou and northeastern Yunnan, faces Jinsha River in the north, and the mountain is steep. 1In April, 935, the Red Army's Long March passed through here.
Mud ball: Little mud ball, the whole sentence means that the steep Wumeng Mountain is at the foot of the Red Army soldiers, just like a little mud ball.
Jinsha: Jinsha River refers to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River from Yushu County, Qinghai Province to Yibin City, Sichuan Province, with tributaries in Yunnan and other places. 1May, 935, the Red Army forcibly crossed Jiaopingdu Ferry in Luquan County, Yunnan Province.
Cloudy cliff is warm: refers to the waves beating on the cliff and splashing mist, which looks like steam in the eyes of the Red Army. Cloud cliff: A cliff towering into the sky. Warmth: Some scholars refer to the cheerful mood of the Red Army after skillfully crossing the Jinsha River, while others say that it literally means warmth. )
Dadu Bridge: refers to the Luding Bridge on the Dadu River in Luding County, western Sichuan Province.
Iron cable: Luding Bridge on the Dadu River is a bridge composed of thirteen iron cables.
Cold: insinuating the coldness of the enemy and the seriousness of the situation.
Minshan: A mountain in western China. Located in the southwest of Gansu Province and the north of Sichuan Province. Northwest-southeast trend. Xiqiao Mountain in the northwest and Qionglai Mountain in the south. Including Dieshan in southern Gansu and Motianling at the border between Gansu and Sichuan.
Three armies: Author's note: "The Red Army has one army, two armies and four armies."
All smiles: The Long March is coming to an end, so everyone laughed.
Creation background
The Seven Laws Long March was written in late September of 1935 and finalized in June of 10. The first seven laws were written by Red Army soldiers after crossing Minshan Mountain and shortly before the end of the Long March. As the leader of the Red Army, Mao Zedong has withstood numerous tests. Now, dawn is coming and victory is in sight. He wrote this magnificent poem with excitement.
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This is a revolutionary epic, telling the story of the 25,000-mile Long March, a historical event that shocked the world. It not only summarizes the battle course of the Red Army to seize the border and kill the enemy with a concise pen, but also artistically and vividly shows the indomitable, brave and indomitable spirit and revolutionary optimism of the Red Army soldiers with revolutionary passion.
"The Red Army is not afraid of the expedition, and Wanshui Qian Shan is only idle." The first couplet comes straight to the point, praising the revolutionary spirit of the Red Army, which is not afraid of difficulties, brave and tenacious. This is the central idea of the whole article and the artistic tone of the whole poem. It is the beginning of the whole poem spirit and the end of the whole poem artistic conception.
The word "not afraid" is the poetic eye of the whole poem, and "just waiting for leisure" strengthens and reiterates "not afraid"; Difficulty in Expedition covers this extraordinary historical process, while Wan Shui Qian Shan outlines the internal and external meaning of "difficulty". This couplet is like a falling stone, rolling down, affecting the whole article and hanging over the whole poem. "Waiting for Leisure" is as easy as lifting weights, showing the commander-in-chief style of the poet who regards gold as a ladder and deals with the enemies of society. "Only" strengthens the firmness of tone and has a strong emotional color. It highlights and emphasizes the revolutionary spirit of the Red Army's contempt for difficulties, and shows the iron army style that the Red Army is leisurely, comfortable and invincible in the sword. The first couplet is the general leader of the whole poem, and the following triplets are closely related to the first couplet.
The whole poem begins with the first couplet, develops two ideas and constructs two time and space. One is the objective reality: "Expedition is difficult" and "Qianshan" is full of dangers; One is subjective psychology: "not afraid" and "just idle". This constitutes a strong contrast, casting a vast physical space and magnificent psychological space, laying a bold and broad tone for the whole poem.
The four sentences "Zhuanlian" and "Jinglian" describe the Red Army's victory over difficulties from two aspects: mountain and water, which are inherited from the above "Qianshan" and "Wanshui". According to the route of the Red Army's Long March, the poet selected four typical place names, all of which are famous natural disasters, and highly summarized the "Qian Shan Wanshui" on the way of the Red Army's Long March. Compared with other poems, the practice of entering poems with place names is more concentrated in this paper and shows a greater spatial distance. What is particularly unusual is that the four words listed above should emphasize that the Red Army is moving very fast and unstoppable, and the Red Army has a strong sense of movement in the picture; In this poem, the poet emphasizes the Red Army's contempt for difficulties around the central idea of "Red Army's expedition is not afraid of difficulties", which is the presentation of the inner world of Red Army commanders and soldiers. Therefore, the description of the Red Army is hidden, and the feats of the Red Army are compared with mountains and rivers. The verbs "Teng" and "Zou" make the mountains turn from static, which is an explicit expression of the spirit of the Red Army. Generally speaking, it is difficult to put land names into poetry, and too many place names are easy to fail. However, Mao Zedong used it very successfully, not only because he had a poetic talent to beat everything in writing, but also because he had a great poetic expression in his heart.
"Wuling makes waves, and Wumeng takes mud pills." Because of the spirit of "not afraid of expedition difficulties", "winding" in the five ridges between Jiangxi, Hunan and Guangxi is like a small wave in the river at the foot of the Red Army; The momentum is "majestic", and the vast Wumeng Mountain is like a small "mud pill" rolling at the foot of the Red Army. These two poems not only have the momentum of Wang Wei's "its height is close to the sky city, and even the mountains reach the sea corner" (Zhong Nanshan), but also have the momentum of Du Fu's "Wu in the east and Chu in the south". I can see Endless Drift of Heaven and Earth (Climbing Yueyang Tower) and Meng Haoran's "A cloud rises from the valley of clouds and dreams, and waves shake Yueyang City" (. Poems by Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and Du Fu. Or take Zhongnanshan as a whole and describe its majestic momentum; Or have a bird's eye view of the Hanshui River and describe its mighty water potential and vast river basin; Or write about the vast, open and inclusive spirit of Dongting Lake. Mao Zedong's two poems not only show the vast and magnificent atmosphere, but also describe people with mountains and rivers, which are implicit and meaningful and full of revolutionary pride. The poet is condescending, just like a giant standing on the top of Kunlun Mountain, with his eyes fixed on Wan Li, and the whole Wuling Mountain and Wumeng Mountain can be seen. His vision is so broad, his realm is so vast, his momentum is so bold, and his emotions are so bold. It turns out that the Red Army climbed mountains along Wuling Mountain and Wumeng Mountain. It turned out that the Red Army was climbing mountains, while Wuling Mountain and Wumeng Mountain were at a standstill. Now, the poet is not writing about the movement of the Red Army, but about the movements of Wuling Mountain and Wumeng Mountain. This artistic expression of "A" writing "B" is obvious and hidden, which greatly enriches the connotation of poetry and enhances its expressive ability.
"Jinsha water beats the clouds and cliffs, and Dadu Bridge is cold." Because of the spirit of "taking risks", the beach is full of rapids, spray splashing and water mist transpiration. Jinsha River, which is in a state of collapse, and Luding Bridge, a Dadu River with only thirteen iron cables left, have crossed successively in an attempt to stop the enemy troops crossing the river from being defeated. These two sentences are about Luding Bridge on Jinsha River and Dadu River. In fact, they are about the battle in which the Red Army skillfully crossed the Jinsha River and flew over the Luding Bridge. At the beginning of May 1935, the vanguard troops of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants arrived at the Jinsha River in Luquan County, Yunnan Province. Except for a few ferries, there are cliffs on both sides here. To cross the Jinsha River, you must control the ferry and ships. Near Jiaopingdu, the Red Army captured two enemy ships, attacked the enemy on the other side, and successfully advanced to the vicinity of the iron cable bridge of Dadu River in Luding County. On both sides of the Dadu River, the mountains are high and the water is fast, which is even more sinister than the Jinsha River. In order to stop the Red Army from advancing, the enemy not only strengthened the defense of the iron cable bridge on the Dadu River, but also destroyed the planks laid on the bridge. Twenty-two Red Army soldiers braved the dense bullets fired by the enemy on the other side, climbed the iron rope on the bridge and grabbed it, destroying the defensive enemy. "Water Clapping on Clouds Cliff" depicts the steep geographical situation of Jinsha River, which is characterized by rapid water flow, steep rocks and high waves, and depicts the scene of "stormy waves lapping on the shore". The "warmth" of "Cloudy Cliff Warmth" is different from the "warmth" of the temperature in the sentence "Today's weather is warm, and apricot blossoms are in the east wind" (Shen Qianyun's "Like powder to show younger siblings"), and it is also different from "Wu Gong's night palace leaks rain, and the curtains hang warm" (Yuan Zhen's "Winter White"). It has the following connotations: First, it describes the Red Army rolling and surging because of the roaring river. The "cold" of "iron rope cold" is not only to describe the cold of iron rope, but also to describe the "cold" of temperature in the sentence "After the snow in Tianshan Mountain, the sea is cold and the flute is difficult to play" (Li Yi's Joining the Army in the North), and it is also used in the sentence "A violinist is a cold wind in the pine forest" (Liu Changqing's Youqin). Although the two sentences of the Neck Couplet only describe the dangers of the river and the bridge, they do not specifically describe how the Red Army skillfully crossed the Jinsha River and captured the Luding Bridge from the front, but the heroic image of the Red Army is tenacious, brave and tenacious, which shows from the side that those who block it are broken and those who are defeated are dead.
The antonyms of "warm" and "cold" in the cervical couplet are two emotional acupoints carefully designed by the poet. The word "warm" is warm and joyful, showing the excitement of overcoming difficulties; The word "cold" is cold and harsh, conveying the aftertaste after a narrow escape. Two adjectives are the great change of spirit and the fission of feelings. They are full of endless meanings, showing endless interest beyond them, swaying and undulating, and Zhang Chi has a feeling.
"I like the snow in the mountains, and I will open my eyes after the three services." This is a response to the first couplet. Saying "not afraid" at the beginning and "happier" at the end strengthened the theme and sublimated the theme of the poem. "More happiness" is inherited from the above, and it is also the emotional restraint above. It is naturally gratifying that the Red Army crossed Wuling, Wumeng, Jinsha and Dadu and broke through the enemy's tight encirclement. The Red Army has crossed Minshan and entered northern Shaanxi. It is not far away to win the assembly engineer, and the purpose of strategic shift has been basically realized. Compared with all the joys before, it is naturally better. Writing "All smiles" is about the laughter of the three armies, and it is the laughter of the upcoming final victory, which further highlights the optimism of the whole poem.
The Seven Laws Long March has a vast realm, broad weather, magnificent artistic conception, great momentum, unrestrained feelings and fantastic artistic conception. It is a bright pearl in the vast sea of poems, and it is a rare epic in the history of China literature to praise major historical events.
Brief introduction of the author
Mao Zedong (18931February 26, 976-1September 9, 976), whose real name was Runzhi (the original was Yong Zhi, later changed to Runzhi), took his pen name Zi Ren. Hunan Xiangtan people. The leader of China people, a great Marxist and a great proletarian revolutionary? , strategist, theorist, the main founder and leader of China * * * Production Party, China People's Liberation Army and People's Republic of China (PRC), the great pioneer of China Marxism, the great patriot and national hero of China in modern times, the core of the first generation of central collective leadership of China * * * Production Party, and a great man who led China people to completely change their destiny and national outlook.
From 1949 to 1976, Mao Zedong was the supreme leader of People's Republic of China (PRC). His contribution to the development of Marxism-Leninism, military theory and theoretical contribution to the * * * production party is called Mao Zedong Thought. Because almost all of Mao Zedong's main positions are called chairman, he is also known as "Chairman Mao".
Mao Zedong is regarded as one of the most important figures in the modern history of the world, and Time magazine also rated him as one of the most influential figures in the 20th century.