Battle of Hefei
The Battle of Hefei was a battle for Hefei between Dongwu and Cao Wei from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms period. In the fourth year of Jian 'an, Sun Ce took Hefei. In the fifth year of Jian 'an, Sun Ce was assassinated. After Cao Cao, Liu Fu was the secretariat of Yangzhou, and Liu Fu occupied Hefei. Since then, Sun Quan has repeatedly attacked Hefei and Taihe for six years, and Man Chong ruled the new city. It is impossible to have land as big as Huainan in the end. Hefei is an important prosperous city in the southeast built by Liu Fu ordered by Cao Cao (later named Hefei New City). Its main function is to resist enemy strongholds, so its garrison ability is extremely important to Cao Jun. Hefei is one of the obstacles and supply points of Wudong's northern expedition, so five large-scale battles broke out here from 2008 to 253.
Among them, the Battle of New Town in 253 AD can be said to be the last large-scale attack of Soochow on Hefei New Town. In the Battle of New Town, Zhuge Ke led an army of 200,000, which can be said to be the limit of Wu Dong's military strength. Because after the formation of the Three Kingdoms, Wu Dong has only about 250,000 troops at most. However, in the battle of the new city, Soochow failed again. And Zhuge Ke, who was in charge of this campaign, was killed because of the defeat in the Battle of New Town.
First of all, in 252 AD (the fourth year of Wei Jiaping, the first year of Wu Jianxing), Cao Wei transferred troops1.50,000, divided into three roads and attacked Sun Wu in two directions. Among them, Cao Wei's East Route Army was led by Si Mazhao with 70,000 troops, matching Dongxing. With Zhuge Ke, a teacher, as commander in chief, Soochow led 40,000 troops to meet Wei Jun who attacked Dongxing. Wei Jun was defeated. Si Mazhao was deprived of the Marquis because of the defeat of the war, and Zhuge Ke's popularity in Wu reached its peak. In Dongxing Battle, Zhuge Ke hit the Cao Wei army hard. This undoubtedly gave Zhuge Ke the confidence to launch a new city war. Of course, we often say that arrogance goes before defeat. In the battle of New Town, Zhuge Ke, who was full of ambition, didn't have the last laugh, but Cao Wei, who was under siege, won.
In July 253 (five years of Wei Jiaping and two years of Wu Jianxing), in March, Zhuge Ke mobilized Wu to form an unprecedented army of 200,000 Sun and Wu, and joined General Jiang Wei to send troops together. As early as Zhuge Liang's northern expedition to the Central Plains, he often invited Wu Dong to send troops together, so that Cao Wei could attend to one thing and lose sight of another. Now, although Zhuge Liang has long passed away, his descendant Jiang Wei still insists on the northern expedition to the Central Plains. So Zhuge Ke, as Zhuge Liang's nephew, naturally sent a signal to Jiang Wei to crusade against Cao Wei.
In April, 253, Zhuge Ke attacked Huainan, and in May, Zhuge Ke followed his advice and laid siege to Hefei New Town. When Sima Shi learned that he had sent troops with him, he ordered Guo Huai and Chen Tai to lead all the troops in Guanzhong to rescue the siege of Didao. The soldiers ordered not to move, stick to the camp, but handed over the new town to Wu for siege. Chen Tai marched to Luomen, and Jiang and his food were cut off, so he had to retreat. This naturally allowed Cao Wei to concentrate on fighting the 200,000 troops of Dongwu. In the Battle of New Town, Zhang Te, the front tooth of Cao Wei in Yangzhou, guarded the new town, and Wu Jun attacked it overnight. There are four thousand soldiers in the city, and about half of them have been lost.
In this regard, Zhuge Ke has piled up heaped-up mountains and violently attacked, and the new city will be trapped and can no longer be defended. At this time, Zhang Te used his quick wits and came up with a plan to cheat and surrender. So Zhang sent someone to see Zhuge Ke and said, "Now I don't want to fight any more. However, according to the regulations of Wei, those who have been besieged for more than 100 days and reinforcements have not arrived, although they surrender, their families will not be punished. " That is, Zhang Te sent a message to Zhuge Ke, saying that he wanted to surrender to Wu Dong, but if he surrendered now, his family would be punished by Cao Wei.
On this basis, Zhang Te further said: "I have been besieged for more than 90 days. There are more than 4000 people in this city, and more than half of them died. Although the city fell, half of the people refused to surrender. I'll go back and persuade them to tell the good from the bad one by one. I'll send the list in the morning. Please accept my seal as a token first. " So, Zhang Te's emissary threw his seal to Wu Jun. As far as Zhuge Ke was concerned, he naturally believed Zhang Te, not only refused his seal, but also ordered his men to stop attacking. In this regard, in my opinion, when attacking a city, we pay great attention to the principle of high spirits, that is, we can't give up halfway.
However, Zhuge Ke now, just as it was about to attack the city, easily fell into the trap and missed the best opportunity to break through Hefei New Town. After Wu Jun stopped attacking, Zhang Te demolished the timber of the houses in the city overnight, and repaired and reinforced the gap in the city wall, which became a double protection. The next day, he said to the Wu people, "I will only die in the battlefield and never surrender!" " When Zhuge Ke learned that he had been cheated, he was so angry that he stepped up his siege, but he could not conquer it. And because the weather was very hot at that time, Wu Jun was exhausted and drank unclean water, which led to the continuous loss of Wu Jun's troops.
When the war finally reached a deadlock, Zhuge Ke often showed resentment because he didn't have a good plan in mind and was ashamed to attack the city. In this regard, the admonition of his soldiers was naturally rejected or even denied by Zhuge Ke, which made Zhuge Ke's prestige among the soldiers declining. In desperation, in July 253, Zhuge Ke led the army to retreat, and those injured foot soldiers were stranded on the road, struggling to support each other. The whole army was immersed in grief and lament, and Jiang Weiwenqin took advantage of the situation to pursue more than 10 thousand people. So obviously, in the battle of New Town, Zhuge Ke led 200,000 troops, but failed to conquer the city guarded by thousands of people, but paid a heavy casualty price. After Zhuge Ke returned to the imperial court, he was attacked by more ministers because of his defeat in the Battle of New Town.
In August of the same year, Zhuge Ke returned to Jianye. Sun Jun wanted to fight for power and profit with Zhuge Ke, so he took advantage of Zhuge Ke's failure to pacify Cao Wei and made an appointment with Sun Liang, the emperor of Wu Dong, to buy wine and invite Zhuge Ke to dinner. After a few drinks, Sun Liang, the Lord of Wu, got up and went back to the inner hall. Sun Jun took off his long coat and put on his short coat. He came out and shouted, "There is a letter to arrest Zhuge Ke!" Zhuge Ke jumped up and tried to draw out his sword, but he didn't. Sun Jun's knife had been cut off one by one. Generally speaking, in the second year of Jianxing (253), Zhuge Ke was killed by Sun Liang and Sun Jun, the minister who entrusted orphans, at the age of 5 1 year. After getting rid of Zhuge Ke, he and his brothers controlled and even abolished Liang, the descendant of Sun Quan. Therefore, for the battle of New Town, not only Zhuge Liang's nephew Zhuge Ke lost his life, but also caused civil strife in Wu, which became an important reason for the decline of his strength.