Who is Emperor Jiaqing's favorite woman?
Emperor Jiaqing's favorite should be the filial piety queen, who was his first queen. Emperor Jiaqing passed the throne to the son of the filial piety queen. Of all the wives of Emperor Jiaqing, only the filial piety queen buried with him should be evidence.
Brief introduction of emperor Jiaqing
Year number: Jiaqing
Birthplace: a spring in Yuanmingyuan, Beijing
Title: Prince Jia
Zodiac: Dragon
Father: Aisin Gioro Hung Li (that is, Emperor Qianlong)
Mother: Wei Jiashi, who was later honored as the queen of pure filial piety.
Rank: 15th son of Qianlong.
First marriage: 15 years old
Original: The Hitara family
Spouses: two queens, two concubines, four concubines, six concubines, three nobles and so on.
Children: 5 children and 9 women.
Acceded to the throne: the first day of the first month of Jiaqing (1February 9, 796)
Joining age: 37 years old
Length of service: 1 month
Date of death: July 25th, the first year of Jiaqing (1September 2nd, 796).
At the age of 37.
Place of death: chengde mountain resort.
Temple number: Renzong
Posthumous title: Emperor Min Ying Zherui, influenced by Tian Xing's administration and allusion, was honored by Wu Guangyu's filial piety and diligence.
Mausoleum: Changling
milestone
power cut；blackout
Jiaqing himself is mediocre, and domestic peasant uprisings continue. In the first year of Jiaqing, Anbaili Uprising broke out in the border areas of Sichuan, Chu and Shaanxi, and then spread to Sichuan, Chu, Shaanxi, Henan and Gansu provinces, which lasted for nine years. In more than nine years of fighting, An Baili Rebels occupied or breached 204 counties, fought against a large number of troops recruited by the Qing government from 16 provinces, wiped out a large number of Qing troops, killed more than 400 squadron leaders and more than 20 first-and second-class officials such as prefects, and the military expenditure of the Qing government reached 220 million yuan, equivalent to four years' fiscal revenue. The uprising weakened the Qing dynasty, and its rule gradually declined.
From the 59th year of Qianlong to the 15th year of Jiaqing (1794— 18 10), Cai E broke out an armed struggle against the rule of the Qing Dynasty along the coast of Fujian, Zhejiang and Guangdong. In the mid-Kangxi period, the Qing government intensified its oppression of the people, forcing the people in the southeast coast to make a living in the sea. In the fifty-ninth year of Qianlong, Cai Qian, a native of Tongan, Fujian Province, led bankrupt fishermen and unemployed people in Quanzhou and Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, to rob merchants at sea to save themselves, and then took the coastal areas of Fujian and Zhejiang as the base to fight against the Qing Dynasty. In the seventh year of Jiaqing (1802), he led a fleet to attack the Great and Small Danshan Mountains in Haikou, Xiamen. More than 500 people landed and seized guns 13. The Qing court ordered Li Changgeng, the prefect of Zhejiang Navy, to go to Fujian to build 30 large ships and cast more than 400 cannons to attack. At the beginning of the second year, Cai Qian was ambushed by Li Changgeng in the coastal area of Putuo, Zhejiang, and retreated to the coastal area of Fujian, leaving only 24 warships, which was at a disadvantage. Then he surrendered to Yu De, the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, and bribed Fujian businessmen to build huge ships with thick gold to restore their combat power. In the summer of nine years, he moved to Taiwan Province Province, assembled 80 large ships, plunged into Fujian, killed Hu Zhensheng, the company commander in Wenzhou, and burned 26 warships.
The Qing court ordered Li Changgeng to lead the Fujian-Zhejiang navy to attack along the coast of Zhejiang and defeat Cai Qian. In the winter of ten years, Cai Qian wanted to take Taiwan Province Province to establish a stronghold, assemble more than 100 warships, and first capture Danshui and Fengshan (now Kaohsiung) in Taiwan Province Province. With the support of local people, the team has grown to more than 20 thousand people. Cai Qian was promoted to the king of Zhenhai, and led the crowd around the provincial capital. The Qing court urgently transferred Guangzhou general Sai Chong 'a to Taiwan as an imperial minister to supervise the army, and ordered Li Changgeng to lead 3000 navy men across the sea to crush the rebel army. Cai Qian sank the ship to Luermen Port and blocked the ships of the Qing army. 1 1 At the beginning of the month, Li Changgeng blocked Luermen and its nearby ports to prevent the rebels from breaking through. Cai Qian took advantage of the sudden rise of the tide and the sinking of the ship to break through from the sea to Fujian and Zhejiang.
1At the end of February, he confronted Li Changgeng and Fujian Navy prefect Zhang Jiansheng in Heishuiyang, Guangdong. After the setback, only three big ships and more than a dozen small boats were left. The Qing army attacked the ship by fire, and Cai led the ship successfully. Cai set fire to the stern and killed it. Zhang Jiansheng chickened out of the fight. Cai Qian moved to the distant seaside to have a rest. The Qing court ordered Wang Delu and Qiu Lianggong to be the prefects of Fujian and Zhejiang respectively, and jointly laid siege to them. The rebels fought for a long time and suffered heavy casualties, and the internal parts-cracks. /kloc-in August of 0/4, Cai Qian and the Fujian-Zhejiang navy of the Qing army fought continuously in the offshore of Yushan, Zhejiang, and were besieged by the Qing army. Being outnumbered, he fired a gun and set sail, taking his wife, children and more than 250 people to the bottom of the sea. The following year, the remaining 1300 people were cleared. At this point, Cai Qian uprising failed.
In July of the seventh year of Jiaqing (1802), tens of thousands of people revolted against the Heaven and Earth Society in Boluo County, Guangdong Province. In the eighth year of Jiaqing (1803), Jiaqing returned to ouchi from Yuanmingyuan and was about to enter Shunzhen Gate. Suddenly, a man rushed out to assassinate him, and more than 100 people accompanying Jiaqing were dumbfounded for a moment. Thanks to the hard work of several princes present, the assassin was caught. It turned out that his name was Chen De and he was a civilian. Because he was poor and didn't tell, he resented the oppression of the Qing dynasty, so he gave his life to sneak into the palace and prepare to assassinate the emperor. Later, Chen De's family was killed.
In September of the 18th year of Jiaqing, Lin Qing, the leader of Tian Li in Beijing, rebelled and invaded the palace. Tian Li, also known as Eight Diagrams, is a branch of Anbaili religion, which spreads all over Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi and Henan, and is divided into eight districts to organize followers according to Eight Diagrams. Huaxian County and Hejing Linqing are the main leaders. On September 15th, the 18th year of Jiaqing (the lunar calendar), all directions rebelled at the same time. However, due to the exposure of Li Wencheng's actions, he was arrested and imprisoned. On September 7th, the people of hua county revolted ahead of schedule, rescued and occupied hua county.
Li Wencheng calls himself "da Tian Ming Li Shun Allah". Lin Qing revolted as scheduled, organized armed forces in Huangcun, south of Beijing, and sneaked into the city with 200 people. Under the guidance of Liu Jinheng, a proselyte eunuch, Donghua and Xihuamen were attacked. At that time, Emperor Jiaqing was hunting in Jehol, and the palace was in a panic. Ning Min, the second son of the emperor, transferred the soldiers from Firearms Camp and Jianrui Camp to the palace to fight in Zong Long. The rebels were outnumbered and withdrew from the palace. 10 June 16, Lin Qing was arrested and died in Huangcun. After Li Wencheng army captured hua county, it occupied Daokou Town and other places. The Qing court dispatched Yang Yuchun and Yang Fang to the city. 17 February 17, Li Wen died of self-immolation in Sizhai (now Huixian). 10.4, the Qing army captured hua county, and his wife Zhang killed dozens of people and hanged herself. The uprising finally failed. This uprising was greatly shaken because Lin Qing broke into the Forbidden City. Emperor Jiaqing admitted that this was "unprecedented in the Han, Tang, Song and Ming Dynasties" and that "nothing happened, but the Great Qing Dynasty happened!"
After the Tianli uprising, the fatuous Jiaqing did not want to reduce the exploitation of the people, but absurdly thought that the trees in the palace destroyed the geomantic omen, so he ordered all the trees in the palace to be cut down. Later emperors learned from their ancestors and did not replant trees, which made the ancient trees in the Forbidden City rare today.
Mediocre son of heaven
After Emperor Qianlong abdicated, he should have lived in Ningshou Palace and let the new emperor live in hall of mental cultivation, but he didn't want to move out, let Jiaqing live in Yuqing Palace and named him "Jidetang". Gan Long often served in the Imperial Palace and was congratulated by hundreds of officials, while Jiaqing was in the position of guard. When the North Korean envoy went to Beijing, he witnessed and recorded Jiaqing's "sitting on the throne of the emperor, he was happy when he was happy, and he laughed when he smiled." It is also recorded that during the banquet, Jiaqing "sat next to the emperor and only watched the emperor's movements without turning his attention." "Biography of Renzong in the Draft of Qing Dynasty" also records: "When you first meet political training, you are respectful." Compared with his father and ancestors, Emperor Jiaqing was a mediocre son of heaven. He had neither political courage nor innovative spirit, neither political talent nor courage as a character. The word "Yong" is the main character of Emperor Jiaqing. Jiaqing was an era in which the Qing Dynasty turned from prosperity to decline: it inherited the "prosperous period of kanggan" of "making great efforts to govern, expanding the territory, striving for four specialties, and making great efforts to govern", and opened the "salty and declining world" of the Opium War, the signing of Nanjing, the allied forces entering Beijing and the emperor fleeing. The internal contradictions in Qing society accumulated for 180 years, and Jiaqing emperor played the historical role of the Qing empire from its peak to its decline.
Jiaqing took over the power from Qianlong, but also took over a series of crises hidden under the cloak of prosperity, the most urgent of which was the small Shenyang issue. Since the TV series "Premier Liu" was broadcast and other film and television works with related themes were performed, it has become a celebrity on the screen and in newspapers and periodicals, and is also well known by the masses. Let's take Jiaqing's handling of the small Shenyang incident as an example to see how Jiaqing, a mediocre emperor, solved the social crisis left by Qianlong and fell into a deeper crisis.
Punish Xiao Shenyang
Small Shenyang is a real person in history, with officials who lead guards, ministers in charge of state affairs, university students in Wenhua Hall and chief military and political ministers. He has great power. He is like a "second emperor" under one person and above ten thousand people. Today, what people see on the screen is Xiao Shenyang, a slippery, flattering, ignorant traitor who is often laughed at by honest ministers. Some people say that Xiao Shenyang has no talent and only flatters, so he is often opposed by honest ministers like Liu Yong and Ji Xiaolan. Actually, it's not. In the history of Little Shenyang, there is neither a noble family background nor a scholar background. According to historical records, Xiao Shenyang is "a scholar with almost no poverty". He didn't even pass the juren exam. How did he "spoil the crown rank"? This is a problem that many people care about. The rise of Little Shenyang has the following factors: First, he was born in Manchuria, smart and alert. Xiao Shenyang was born in the 11th year of Qianlong (1746), 35 years younger than Qianlong. He is a passerby of cattle and a native of Manchuria. My family used to live in the donkey alley in Xizhimen, Beijing, and my father used to be the vice governor of Fujian. /kloc-When he was 0/2 years old, Xiao Shenyang was lucky enough to enter Xian 'an Palace official school (located in Xian 'an Palace) to study Confucian classics and Manchu characters, and received a good education. Qianlong thirty-five years (1770), 25-year-old, took the Shuntianfu rural examination, but failed to win one. However, Shenyang, who was born in Manchuria, became a third-class court bodyguard and began to go in and out of the court. This mission provided an opportunity for Xiao Shenyang to approach Qianlong, which was an important starting point of his life.
On the third day of the first month of the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), Qianlong collapsed in hall of mental cultivation, the Forbidden City. Emperor Jiaqing took charge of the government on the day when Qianlong died. Jiaqing shocked the whole world by taking decisive measures to punish the powerful minister Xiao Shenyang at the funeral of Emperor Qianlong.
After four years as the emperor's father, Qianlong still holds the real power tightly. At this time, small Shenyang is still favored, but after all, the situation has changed. Small Shenyang adopted "four hands" between Qianlong and Jiaqing: the first hand relied on the emperor's father to help Qianlong, the second hand was to please Emperor Jiaqing, the third hand was to limit the power of Emperor Jiaqing, and the fourth hand was to prevent Jiaqing from punishing himself in the future. So he showed "two sides" between Qianlong and Jiaqing, before and after Jiaqing. Small Shenyang tried its best to limit Jiaqing and cultivate and appoint its own cronies. When Jiaqing ascended the throne, his teacher Zhu Gui was the governor of Guangdong and wrote a congratulatory letter to the court. Xiao Shenyang went to tell Zhu Gui in front of Gan Long, but Gan Long ignored him. In the first year of Jiaqing (1796), Qianlong was going to call Zhu Gui back to Beijing to become a university student. Jiaqing wrote a poem to congratulate the teacher. Small Shenyang went to Ganlong to complain, saying that Emperor Jiaqing won the hearts of the people and put the kindness of Emperor Tai Shang to Zhu Gui on himself. This time, Qianlong got angry. He asked Gao Dong, Minister of Military Affairs, "What should I do?" Gao Dong knelt down and remonstrated with Gan Long, saying, "Master has nothing to say." It takes a long time to forget it. Soon, Xiao Shenyang made an excuse and encouraged Qianlong to reduce Zhu Gui from the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi to the governor of Anhui. Xiao Shenyang also sent his subordinate Wu Shenglan to Jiaqing's side, nominally to help sort out poems, but actually to monitor Jiaqing's words and deeds. In the second year of Jiaqing (1797), A Gui, the captain of the military aircraft, passed away. Little Shenyang only knew how to advance, but he didn't know how to retreat, so he became the military minister of the foreman. At this time, Ganlong was old and weak, and his memory was poor. I forgot what happened yesterday today, and I don't understand what he did in the morning at night. Small Shenyang has really become the spokesperson of Qianlong, and can do anything.
Xiao Shenyang thinks he is very clever, and he is self-defeating. When he was a prince, the armadillo was named Chu Jun. Little Shenyang knew the secret, and just the day before Qianlong announced Jiaqing as the crown prince, he gave the armadillo a handle, suggesting that he had the strength to support Jiaqing's succession. Jiaqing smiled on his face and hated in his heart. However, because Xiao Shenyang is a favorite of Qianlong, an old scoundrel is slippery, and all kinds of relationships are intertwined from top to bottom in the imperial court, so it is inconvenient to start work. Just 15 days after the death of Qianlong, Jiaqing punished a "second emperor" who had been spoiled by the first emperor for 30 years, and the measures were decent, clean and neat, and won completely. Jiaqing's approach is: (read www.kuaidu.com.cn quickly)
First, play hard to get. After Jiaqing ascended the throne, the emperor's father was still alive. He played hard to get in the face of the wily little Shenyang, which was deeply loved by the emperor's father. He watched every move of Xiao Shenyang, quietly. Some ministers criticized Xiao Shenyang in front of him. Jiaqing said: "I'm going to let Xiao Shenyang help me run the country!" " Jiaqing reported some military events to the emperor's father, and often asked Xiao Shenyang to play for him to show his trust and stability.
Second, transfer the tiger on the mountain. When Qianlong died, little Shenyang lost its backer and its death was approaching. On the same day, Jiaqing appointed Prince Rui as Prime Minister to show the national mourning, and on the other hand, he asked his teacher, Anhui Governor Zhu Gui, to take up his post in Beijing. On the fourth day of the fourth lunar month, Jiaqing issued an imperial edict: condemning the generals who took the initiative to resist Anbailism in the frontline towns of Sichuan, and taking this opportunity to dismiss Fu Changan, a close friend of Xiao Shenyang, from the post of Minister of War. Jiaqing ordered Xiao Shenyang and Fu Changan to stay up all night, not to leave their posts without leave and cut off their contact with the outside world. In fact, this deprived the young Shenyang university students, foremen, military ministers, infantry commanders and nine governors of their military and political power.
Third, a sudden attack. On the fifth day of the first month, Wang Niansun and other officials were negligent in their duties, and Shenyang was involved in power, which was a heinous crime. On the eighth day, Jiaqing announced that Xiao Shenyang would be dismissed, arrested and imprisoned, which caused a political uproar in the ruling and opposition parties. Jiaqing made a series of personnel adjustments. On the eighth day of the first month, Jiaqing ordered that from now on, all the memorials should be directly reported to the emperor, and the military department should not copy them again, and ministers of various ministries and academies should not inform the Minister of Military Affairs of the contents of the memorials in advance. He also ordered the imperial clan to pro-Wang Chunying, engaged Wang Mian En, Prince Yi Yongxuan and Qingxian Wang Linyong to hold military and political power respectively.
Fourth, let the world open. Jiaqing ordered officials from all provinces and in Beijing to state the situation of small Shenyang to the court. Hu Jitang, the governor of Zhili, first made clear his position. In his complaint, he accused Xiao Shenyang of insanity, arrogance, greed and debauchery. He is really a shameless villain, asking him to be "executed that year." "In the year" is 1000 yuan. Jiaqing immediately instructed third-class and above officials in Beijing to discuss this opinion. If they have different opinions, they can also play it for the emperor themselves. In fact, it was Hu Jitang's opinion that set the tone, and informed the provincial governors and governors, so that they could all express their attitudes.
Fifth, punish small Shenyang. On the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, Qianlong's testamentary edict was published, and Xiao Shenyang and Fu Chang 'an were removed from office and put in the prison of the Ministry of Punishment. Yong Xuan, the Prince of Life Instrument, and Yong Zhen, the Prince of Cheng, are responsible for the seizure of property and trial. 10 10, Jiaqing royal family approved "sending deputies to strengthen investigation" to comprehensively investigate major cases in small Shenyang. 1 1 day, after preliminary investigation and trial, Jiaqing announced the 20 major crimes of Xiao Shenyang: deceiving the emperor, detaining the military newspaper, appointing cronies, violating patriarchal clan system and embezzling money. /kloc-on 0/8, at the meeting of ministers of civil and military affairs held in Beijing, Xiao Shenyang was put to death, and Fu Changan, who was in the same case, was beheaded. It is recorded in the imperial edict file of the first month of the fourth year of Jiaqing: Jiaqing's imperial edict stated that "small Shenyang deserved punishment", that is to say, it is not too much to severely punish small Shenyang. However, considering that he used to be the foreman minister of military aircraft, he committed suicide for the sake of the dignity of the court. It is said that Xiao Shenyang is in prison and knows that his life will not last long. Facing the Lantern Festival and the bright moon outside the window, he wrote a poem with emotion: "It hurts the scenery by mistake." In the TV series "Prime Minister Liu", there is such a scene: Little Shenyang was given three feet of white silk by Emperor Jiaqing and committed suicide in prison. Fu Chang 'an attached a small Shenyang, where he went to die and knelt to see the small Shenyang commit suicide. He was dismissed from his posts as Minister of Military Affairs and Minister of Housing, and was arrested and imprisoned.
Sixth, pay attention to strategy. Jiaqing said that Xiao Shenyang offended the first emperor, so he should deal with the guilty minister at his father's funeral. After Xiao Shenyang was punished, his henchmen were frightened. Some courtiers slackened and urged them to pursue the rest of the political parties. Jiaqing did not do this, but immediately retreated after getting rid of Xiao Shenyang. And the cronies, except, Wu Provincial Lan, Wu Provincial Qin and others (He Lin is dead), will not be investigated for those who are promoted or who pay bribes. Jiaqing declared: "People who recommend and run for the door of Little Shenyang can't get in. Quān change, salty change. " Let me tell you, people are at peace and the political situation is stable. Jiaqing's punishment for small Shenyang was quick, clean and appropriate, and it was very successful. This is the most wonderful stroke of dealing with major political events in Emperor Jiaqing's life, and it is also his only masterpiece as a politician. However, Jiaqing decided that Xiao Shenyang's first crime was that the day before he announced the establishment of the Crown Prince, Xiao Shenyang sent him a blessing to show his support. This means that Xiao Shenyang wants to take refuge in the new owner, and his heart is not evil. He betrayed neither the monarch nor the country. This article does not constitute the crime of beheading. Jiaqing regards this as the biggest crime in small Shenyang, which shows that Jiaqing has no overall situation in his mind and no big money in his hand. This is a mediocre performance after Jiaqing took office.
be beset with a crisis
After dealing with the incident in Shenyang, Jiaqing faced a series of social crises, such as the Southern White Lotus Sect, the Tientsin Sect, the turmoil in the Southeast China Sea, the prohibition of mining, the shortage of money and grain, the livelihood of the Eight Banners, the inflow of opium, and the problem of canals. However, Jiaqing regarded the above problems as a case, and he did not and could not solve them from the system. For example, after pacifying the White Lotus Sect, Jiaqing once wrote a poem:
All ministers at home and abroad are wearing purple robes. Who will share the work with me?
Jade cup drinks thousands of blood, silver candle burns people's ointment.
People cry when they cry, and songs cry high.
Say hello at ordinary times, it's second grass to disappoint your kindness!
There are two couplets in the middle of this poem-"A jade cup drinks thousands of blood, and a silver candle burns people's ointment. Tears fall when the sky falls, and people cry loudly when they sing, which shows Jiaqing's Confucian concept of benevolence. The benevolent loves others. Jiaqing is qualified as a "benevolent gentleman" and has the value of an emperor. Jiaqing Confucian culture is good, and literary poems and calligraphy articles are all ok. This is better than Zheng De, Jiajing, Wanli, Apocalypse and other Ming emperors. Give two small examples:
(1) Yang Yi of Dali Temple. It was midsummer, and when I opened the curtain, I saw Jiaqing shaking his fan and sweating. Enter, bow. Jiaqing put the fan aside and did not use it again. The inquiry is very detailed. It's been very hot for a long time. "Sweat like rain, don't fan."
(2) In the twenty-second year of Jiaqing (18 17), the provinces rejoiced. Anhui citizens owed three million and two thousand silver, and Governor Yao Zutong suspected that the report was untrue, resulting in four-tenths of the counties being cut. Suffering everywhere. Hearing this, Zhu Piyun said, "It is my wish to benefit others at the expense of others. This is despicable and hurts the regime. " Yao was ashamed and came to Beijing to report for duty with the original 600 volumes.
Personal experience
Emperor Jiaqing was the fifteenth son of Emperor Gaozong Li Hong of the Qing Dynasty. Born in the 25th year of Qianlong (1760), her original name was Yan Yong, and her mother was Wei Jiashi. In 54 (1789), he was appointed as Prince Jia, and Qianlong ascended the throne on the first day of the first month of January in 6/kloc-0, and was renamed Jiaqing. He reigned for 25 years. He died in the 25th year of Jiaqing (1820). 6 1 year. Tan Poulnot. Injong, posthumous title was promoted by Tianxing, transported by Sui Yu, worshipped by Wu Guangyu, filial and diligent, and became Emperor Min Yingzhe Rui. Buried in Changling of Qingxi Mausoleum in Yixian County, Hebei Province.
In the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong (1773), he became the crown prince. In 54 years (1789), he was named Prince Jia. Sixty years (1795) in September, was officially announced as the crown prince. On the first day of the first month of the second year, Emperor Qianlong ascended the throne in Zen. Later, the government was still under the control of Emperor Qianlong, the emperor's father, and he lived in Yuqing Palace temporarily. In the first month of the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), after the death of Emperor Qianlong, he began to lead the government. In the face of the crisis-ridden political situation in the last years of Qianlong, Emperor Jiaqing played the banner of "salt reform" and rectified internal affairs. Kill the powerful minister Xiao Shenyang, depose and imprison Xiao Shenyang's cronies and best friends. The imperial edict is to seek truth, speak freely, ward off evil spirits and strengthen the body, and reward officials who are convicted after the resumption of work in Changchao. A letter's contribution, luxury and frugality. Local officials are required to "know nothing about people's feelings" and report them truthfully, trying to avoid bullying, whitewashing peace, and being lazy and extravagant. However, its limited internal rectification failed to fundamentally reverse the decline of the Qing political situation.
The domestic class contradictions are sharp, and the peasant uprising is in full swing. After Gala ascended the throne, she made every effort to encircle the peasant uprisings in Yachuan, Chu and Shaanxi. It is easier to unify the army and officials and severely punish the generals who are unable to town. Strict military deployment, implementation of the policy of repression and appeasement, disintegration of the rebels. The policy of clearing the field with strong walls, which was implemented in the group training of Zhaibao, cut off the connection between the rebels and the people. In the tenth year of Jiaqing (1805), the peasant uprising in Sichuan, Chushan and Shaanxi was suppressed, and the ruling power of the Qing Dynasty was seriously weakened. In the 15th year of Jiaqing (18 10), the Cai Qian Rebel broke out in the southeast coast. In the eighteenth year of Jiaqing (18 13), Tianjin uprising broke out in the north, and some Tianjin believers rushed into the palace with the help of eunuchs, "which caused unprecedented things in Han, Tang, Song and Ming dynasties". At the same time, it was strictly ordered to slaughter the insurgents who rushed into the palace and kill the leader Lin Qing outside the city. The Tianli uprising was suppressed by the town. (Fast Reading Network www.kuaidu.com.cn)
In foreign negotiations, Emperor Jiaqing urged the prohibition of opium, kept a high degree of vigilance against the harassment activities of British invaders in the coastal areas, and wisely and sternly rejected the British request to help the Qing Dynasty suppress the rebels and help Macao Portuguese resist France with ulterior motives. In the 21st year of Jiaqing (18 16), Britain's request to establish diplomatic relations, open trading ports and cede coastal islands in Zhejiang was rejected. The traditional concept of closing the country to the outside world also makes it blindly exclude foreign things. Emperor Jiaqing tried his best to maintain the stability and consolidation of the Qing Dynasty in the case of frequent civil strife and foreign invasion. However, the irreversible historical development trend made the decline of the Qing Dynasty completely superficial at the end of Jiaqing, and it gradually declined.
His death was carried out by the emperor, and he was honored by the diligent and loving emperor. The temple name is Renzong. Daoguang acceded to the throne and added the word "Guangyu" before "filial piety". Buried in Qingxi Mausoleum, Yixian County, Hebei Province.