Where is Dechang County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province?
The climate of Dechang County belongs to subtropical monsoon climate. Due to the great difference in altitude, light, heat and water change obviously in vertical and horizontal directions, and the ecological environment is unique and diverse, which makes Dechang rich in natural resources. The forest coverage rate of the county is 4 1.7%, and the grassland area accounts for 27.5% of the total area. There are 384 primitive grass species, including dozens of species such as Pinus yunnanensis, Cunninghamia lanceolata, cypress, alder, oak and birch, as well as rare tree species such as Cycas Panzhihua, Abies Dechang, Ginkgo biloba and Toona sinensis, among which Abies Dechang ranks first among the 66 Chinese fir provenances in terms of materials and other characters.
There are many kinds of forest by-products, including more than 400 kinds of edible fungi, dyes, medicinal plants, aromatic oils, oilseeds and garden flowers. Hundreds of plants and animals have been identified. More than 30 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines are purchased all the year round, most of which are Gentiana scabra, Sanguisorba officinalis, Scutellaria baicalensis, Toosendan Fructus, Poria, Phyllanthus emblica, Trionyx Trionycis and Phytolacca acinosa. Economic forest trees include camellia oleifera, tung oil tree, sumac tree, walnut, pepper and so on. Fruits include pears, peaches, oranges and plums.
There are 47 kinds of proven minerals, among which hematite, specularite, copper-bearing magnesite, vanadium-titanium magnet, limestone, kaolin and silica are the most.
Grain crops are mainly rice, wheat, corn and beans, and cash crops are mainly flue-cured tobacco, sugarcane, sericulture, early-maturing and anti-season vegetables. Livestock and poultry are mainly pigs, sheep, cattle, horses, chickens and ducks. Dechang fragrant rice, Dechang buffalo and Jianchang duck are all excellent local varieties, which are famous far and near. Early-maturing and out-of-season vegetables are widely marketed, among which Dechang early garlic moss is the most famous.
The Luoji Mountain in the east of the county seat and the gully at the foot of the mountain are rich in vegetation, with green pools, many peaks, tops, tablelands and caves, all of which are steep, majestic, strange and secluded. The Year of the Yi Nationality, the Torch Festival, the Lisu Festival, and the weddings and funerals of the Yi and Lisu nationalities are all unique, which provide conditions for the development of tourism resources. Dashi Tomb on the Anning River and Zida River is a group tomb of Duqiong people in ancient times, and is listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Sichuan Province.
social development
As early as the Han and Jin Dynasties, Dechang was a post station with a long history on Lingguan Road, the main line of the Southern Silk Road. Especially after liberation, transportation, post and telecommunications have developed rapidly. The county's highway mileage is 550 kilometers, with National Highway 108 and chengdu-kunming railway running through the whole territory, and Yapan (Ya 'an-Panzhihua) expressway also passing through the territory along the Anning River. At present, the road sections in Dechang have been opened, and the rural roads in the 1990 s have been connected. There is an inter-county postal route and four intra-county postal routes, with a total length of 73 kilometers. All the 23 townships in the county have program-controlled telephones, including 73 10, 2 150 wireless pagers and 865 mobile phones.
1999 gross domestic product (90 price) reaches 391320,000 yuan, including primary industry170.44 million yuan, secondary industry108.32 million yuan, and tertiary industry 1 1256. The total output value of industry and agriculture is 499.48 million yuan, including industrial output value of 218.29 million yuan and agricultural output value of 281190,000 yuan. The county's fiscal revenue is 60.57 million yuan.
All industrial enterprises (including individuals) have reached113 by the end of 1999, with an output value of 218.29 million yuan (90 yuan), including industrial enterprises with annual sales income of more than 5 million yuan 10. There are ferroalloy, cement, lime mine, sugar making, brick and tile, hydropower, paper making, mining and food processing, among which ferroalloy products have entered the international market. Output of main industrial products: ferroalloy 15865 tons, sugar 8384 tons, power generation 2 174 10000 kwh, cement 57800 tons, man-made board 6398 cubic meters, matches16/kloc-0.
The county's agriculture is developing around "one foundation" (grain) and "five pillars" (flue-cured tobacco, sericulture, sugarcane, morning market vegetables, forestry and fruit industry). By the end of 1999, the agricultural output value was 1469 1 10,000 yuan (90 price, the same below), the forestry output value was 25.5 million yuan, the animal husbandry output value was102.99 million yuan, the fishery output value was 5.79 million yuan and the total output value of township enterprises was 244.24 million yuan. The main agricultural products are 84,869 tons of grain, sugarcane 1 10000 tons, 3,390 tons of flue-cured tobacco, 367 tons of cocoon and 3,098 tons of fruit. In the morning market, 60,000 mu of vegetables were planted, with an output value of nearly 654.38 billion yuan. Combined with the implementation of the project of returning farmland to forests, we will vigorously develop economic forests such as longan, chestnut, pepper and walnut. The main forest products are chestnut 182 tons, pepper 3 18 tons, walnut 2 10 tons and rosin 58 tons.
Dechang County is located in the hinterland of Panxi Resource Comprehensive Development Zone, with fertile land, rich products, pleasant climate, smooth communication and cheap transportation. It also ushered in the historical opportunity of the country's large-scale development of the western region, with broad development prospects. Dechang County Party Committee and County People's Government adhere to the principle of "complementary advantages, mutual benefit, mutual support and common development", "smile at people of insight and make friends all over the world", expand opening up, persist in reform, forge ahead in unity, forge ahead with determination, accelerate county economic development and create a better tomorrow for Dechang.
Economic location
Dechang County is located in the southwest of Sichuan Province, the south-central part of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, and the hinterland of Panzhihua West (Chang) Resource Comprehensive Development Zone. Dechang County is endowed with unique natural resources, and it is an agricultural county mainly engaged in planting. The ratio of agricultural output value to industrial output value is 56: 44. It is the main grain producing area in Liangshan Prefecture. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Dechang has made great progress in industrial and agricultural production and various undertakings, and is one of the five counties and cities with good economic conditions along the Anning Valley in Liangshan Prefecture. However, due to historical reasons and geographical restrictions, the county economy is still fragile, which is at a low level and relatively backward compared with the developed areas in the province. The internal structure of agriculture still needs to be further adjusted, the pillar industries need to be further strengthened, the overall benefit of industry is poor, and the management level needs to be improved urgently.
infrastructure
Power plant and installed capacity, power transmission and transformation capacity:
There are 29 power plants in the county, with an installed capacity of 47,698 kilowatts and an annual power generation of 2 174 10000 kwh. There are 1 10 kv substation (with a transformation capacity of 2×2500 kv), 1 35 kv hub substation (with a transformation capacity of 2×8000 kv) and six 35 kv and 10 kv distribution transformers. Five 38759KVA and 35KV transmission lines are 95.7 kilometers, and seven 10kV transmission lines are 48.5 kilometers. The power supply line reaches Xichang City in the north and Miyi County in the south, forming the county backbone power grid with the hub substation as the center, which is responsible for the county's power transmission and distribution tasks. County electric power company has developed into an electric power limited liability company integrating development, supply and resale.
Highway and urban construction:
Dechang has expressway since 194 1. Over the years, highway construction and maintenance have been continuously strengthened. Dawan Highway 13.5km and Tielu Highway 25km were built in 1980s. In the 1990s, 72.5 kilometers of expressway along the Yangtze River, 24.7 kilometers of Longwo Highway and 40 kilometers of expressway on the mainland were built. In the 1990 s, the county's township roads were connected. To 1999, the county's highway mileage is 550 kilometers, including 108 national highway 69 kilometers, provincial highway 53 kilometers, county road 33 kilometers and township road 269 kilometers.
Dezhou Town, the county seat, covers an area of 2 square kilometers and has more than 40 streets, roads and lanes. The large-scale transformation of urban areas began in the 1990s. Newly built west trunk road, covering an area of 170 mu, with a length of 493 meters and a width of 23 meters; Get through Xinhua Street and the southern end of Yucai Road. The newly-built street is 440 meters long and 23 meters wide, and the supporting construction of three streets is 98,000 square meters. Rebuild a small commodity market covering an area of 2,300 square meters and a square covering an area of one hectare. The main streets in other urban areas are paved with cement pavement of about 8,000 square meters, and 6 new public toilets have been built.
Enterprise profile
Dechang has more than 1000 enterprises, involving many industries, but most of them are small in scale. Among them, there are 10 industrial enterprises with annual sales income of more than 5 million yuan, which are the backbone enterprises in the county, namely: Dalonglong Company, Dechang Cement Plant, Dechang Forest Chemical Company, Dechang Water Supply Company, Dechang Electric Power Company, Dechang Jinye Company, Yonglang New Soap Compound Fertilizer Plant, Panxi Shunxiang Company, Dechang Fuyuan Rare Earth Plant and Ferroalloy Group Company. 10 the total industrial output value of industrial enterprises accounts for about 70% of the total industrial output value. Ferroalloy Group's assets rank first in the county. The company's assets are 65.438+0.47 billion yuan, covering an area of 570,000 square meters, with an annual output of 65.438+0.6350 tons of silicon-based ferroalloy. The main products are Panxi brand ferrosilicon alloy, silicomanganese alloy, silicobarium alloy and rare earth alloy. In May 2000, the company joined forces with Xichang Electric Power Co., Ltd. to expand the production scale, and planned to build a large-scale ferroalloy production enterprise with an annual output of 365,438+0,350 tons. The company was once rated as "Top 500 Enterprises in Sichuan Province" and "Top 500 Best Benefits in Sichuan Province". Big Dragon Company has assets of 42.8 million yuan, covering an area of 2 19.96 mu, with an annual output of about 65,438+million tons of sugarcane, 8,384 tons of Luojishan brand sugar, 6,398 cubic meters of wood-based panels and 92 1 ton of alcohol.
National custom
Yi wedding: Choose the wedding date according to the date of birth of the man, parents and woman. The day before the wedding, both the man and the woman invited guests to celebrate, and relatives from far and near came. The man's family sent two young and middle-aged men to pick up the bride with gifts and horses, and the woman's family used to splash water and tease. People drank a lot of wine and didn't send their relatives and friends on the road until the next day. Weddings are complicated and elaborate. Wedding procedures include chanting, grabbing wedding meat, making colorful films, offering fried porridge, toasting, combing hair, sending meat and bones, singing competitions, returning to the door and so on. Traditional wedding banquets only eat meat and rice balls, without salt or soup.
Funeral ceremony of the Yi people: Except for babies who died before the full moon and leprosy patients buried after death, all the bodies were burned with fire, and the ashes were put in urns and buried in cliffs and caves in the mountains, unknown to others to prevent thieves from digging. Cremation ceremony mainly includes funeral preparation, funeral discussion, memorial service, guidance, encouragement, awakening, shaping and gathering food.
Yi nationality year and torch festival: October to November of the lunar calendar is the Yi nationality year. On the first day of the Chinese New Year, fireworks were set off and pork was used to worship ancestors. On the second day, horse racing, autumn swing, wrestling and squatting will be held, and on the third day, ancestors will be sent away. Torch Festival is celebrated in the New Year and around June 24th of the lunar calendar. Sacrificing gods and fields, praying for a bumper harvest in the new year, and sending worship to ward off evil spirits are its folk contents. On this day, everyone who leaves home will go home for a reunion dinner. After dinner, light torches to light up every corner of the house, and then go out to March on the edge of the village and the hillside of the field. During the festival, there are entertainment and sports activities such as bullfighting, wrestling, horse racing, beauty pageant, duet and dance.
Lisu wedding: Lisu marriage has always been simple, the man does not give the bride price, and the bride's family does not marry him. Weddings are usually held from the twelfth lunar month to February of the following year. Weddings are held in the homes of both men and women, and two men older than the groom must be invited to do it. At the wedding, there are procedures such as saying greetings, offering sacrifices to family gods and ancestors, exchanging leg bones of lamb, singing duets and dancing with leaders. The bride brings a quilt into her husband's house, and the man's house throws dried sheep dung pills at the quilt to show good luck. After the bride enters the house, she is not allowed to meet the groom and his family, so as to avoid discord between husband and wife. After the wedding reception, the newlyweds bowed to the church and said, "Please worship". After the ceremony, the newlyweds adopted a new name. After naming, the people attending the wedding dance with their feet, and often don't go home until the next morning.
On February 2, 20 17, Dechang County was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 16.