Classification method of underground buildings?

A building built in rock or soil. It is the product of the rapid development of modern cities, which has played a role in alleviating urban contradictions and improving the living environment, and has also opened up a new field of life for mankind. Underground buildings are classified by function, including military buildings (such as shooting fortifications, observation fortifications, shelter fortifications, etc. ), civil buildings (including residential buildings and public buildings), various civil air defense projects, industrial buildings, transportation and communication buildings, warehouse buildings and various underground public facilities (such as underground waterworks, solid or liquid waste treatment plants, pipeline corridors, etc.). ).

Large underground buildings with multiple functions are called underground complexes. Underground buildings are classified according to construction methods, including open excavation and underground excavation. After open-cut construction, it is completely backfilled, and no buildings are built on it, which is called a single underground building; If there are other buildings on it, it is called an attached underground building. Part of backfilling, earth covering or earth piling after open cut construction is called earth covering building or earth piling building. Underground buildings are usually excavated in deep rocks or soil layers to the required space, and a certain thickness of natural covering layer is reserved above the top.

In addition, there is a customary classification method in China, which divides underground buildings into tunnel type, tunnel type (usually underground excavation), excavation type (equivalent to single open excavation) and air defense basement (that is, open excavation plus attached construction). The main difference between tunnel and tunnel lies in the relationship between internal and external ground elevation. The inner facade is called a tunnel, and the outer facade is called a tunnel.

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