Historical weather in Harbin
Although I have been to Harbin several times before, I am in a hurry every time. I made a special trip to Harbin for a week, so I must have a good visit. On the second day in Harbin, I will first visit the landmark "Sophia Cathedral" in Harbin.
Approaching the square in front of the church, you can see many people taking pictures. The church is covered with dark red bricks. The old red brick has a long history at first glance, which makes people feel the heavy past of the city.
It's very cold at MINUS ten degrees, and my hand holding the camera will freeze for a long time. Although I insisted on staying in the "Sophia Cathedral" square for a long time in order to take good photos. Looking from the bottom up, people have a mysterious feeling.
The Historical Evolution of Sophia Church
Looking up at such a magnificent Sophia church building, I especially want to know its construction history, so I checked the relevant information on the Internet: in a special era, the church lost seven musical clocks in the bell tower, and six gold crosses on the roof were removed, and now it has been restored to its original appearance. It is said that in that year, the bell ringer could use both hands and feet to make seven musical bells emit a complete melody, which could be heard dozens of miles away.
Hagia Sophia Church was founded in March (1907) in the thirty-third year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty. Shortly after the completion of the Middle East Railway, with the arrival of the Russian czar, a tall Sophia Wooden Church was built in Zhao Lin Street, Harbin. It was originally built as an embedded church for the Fourth Infantry Division in Eastern Siberia, Russia. In the same year, I Fei Chiskiakov, a Russian tea merchant, funded the reconstruction of an all-wood structure church based on the embedded church. 19 1 1 year, a brick wall was built outside the wooden wall, forming a church with brick and wood structure.
1923 On September 27th, the church of Hagia Sophia was rebuilt for the second time, which lasted nine years. 1932/kloc-0 was completed on October 25th, becoming the largest orthodox church in the Far East. Sophia Church, designed by Russian architect Koya Siko, is magnificent, elegant and extraordinary, with a total height of 53.25m and a building area of 72 1m2, which can accommodate 2,000 people. At the top of the main entrance is the bell tower, and seven copper musical clocks are exactly seven notes. Well-trained bell ringers are needed to beat the rhythm bell with their hands and feet. The architectural plane of the church is arranged in the form of a Greek cross, which is influenced by the Byzantine architectural style. The main dome and bell tower have the traditional Russian "tent roof" and "onion head" shapes.
1986, which was listed as a first-class protected building by Harbin Municipal People's Government. 1996165438+10, which was listed as the fourth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. 65438+1From June 2 to September 2, 1997, the Harbin Municipal People's Government completely renovated the church according to the original design, expanded Sophia Square by 7,000 square meters, and turned it into Harbin Architectural Art Museum to publicize and popularize Harbin's unique architectural culture.
In 2000, Harbin Municipal People's Government organized and expanded the construction projects of Harbin Architectural Art Square, Central Leisure Square and Urban Construction Planning Exhibition Hall. It was completed and put into use in June of that year 10. After the expansion, the area of architectural art square increased from 6000 square meters to 10000 square meters, and the area of central square was 36 154 square meters.
Architectural Layout and Style of Sophia Church
Sophia Church is a typical Byzantine Orthodox Church, designed by Russian architect Koya Siko. The whole church is a quadrangle building, and a main building in the center has a standard big vault, red brick structure, towering and spacious. It is 53.35 meters high and covers an area of 72 1 square meter. The graphic design of the church is an east-west Latin cross, the walls are all made of clear water red bricks, and the roof is crowned with a huge and full onion dome, which commands four-wing tents of different sizes, forming a master-slave layout. There are stairs between the four floors, and there are four doors in and out. At the top of the main entrance is the bell tower, and seven brass musical clocks are just seven notes. Trained bell ringers beat cadence bells with their hands and feet. This sound has been around for a long time and spread to Acheng.
When the old one is repaired, the original architectural style is preserved.
In order to protect the national historical relics, in June, 1997, the Harbin Municipal People's Government decided to carry out a comprehensive transformation of Sophia Church Square. After the restoration, the towering golden cross contrasts with the red brick and green tile roof, showing the majestic momentum of the main body of the church, surrounded by leisure chairs and green spaces.
Now you can see a copy of this design in the church. The plane of the church is a Greek cross, with a main, two auxiliary and three singing platforms in the center of the front section. Now the walls in the church are mottled, and even some bricks have been damaged, and many murals have fallen off. The wall below the church is covered with historical photos of Harbin, allowing visitors to see the development history of Harbin and the construction process of the church. The most magnificent thing in the whole church is the nine chandeliers hanging from the dome.
Standing in the square and looking up at the appearance of the church, you can see that the big dome is located on the hexagonal drum base, and each side of the drum base has a high-side window with a small dome. The vertical lines set off the towering main dome, with tent-like spires at the front, back, left and right, which set each other off. There are many arches in the appearance of the church. There are many layers on the doors and windows. The big arch is covered with small arches, and the small arches are against the big arches, so it is difficult to count them clearly. Other patterns are made up of squares, circles and crosses. Although there are not many elements used, it gives people a three-dimensional and changeable effect. I have to admire the designer's ingenious design.
Address:
No.88 Toulong Street, Daoli District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province
Internal opening hours:
8:30 ~ 17:00( 16:45 closes admission).
Ticket introduction
Free in the morning (advance appointment is required)
Afternoon concert 35 yuan
Lighting time:
Generally, it starts from dark at 45 o'clock and turns on the light until 10 o'clock in the evening (it may be adjusted at any time).
Transportation:
Public transportation extends in all directions. It is recommended to walk from Central Street and go out at the intersection of Central Street and West 12 Street and West 14 Street. It is inconvenient to drive and difficult to park. It is recommended to park in a nearby shopping mall.
Bus: Take bus 1, 5, 20, 6 1,13, 1 14, 206 and get off at Zhao Lin Street Station, and walk for about 400 meters.