How did Nu Wa come from?
Legend has it that she and Fuxi are brother and sister. She married Fuxi and gave birth to human beings. Later, Nu Wa forbade brother and sister to marry, which reflected the progress from consanguineous marriage to extrafamilial marriage in China's primitive times.
It is also said that Nu Wa took loess as a model and created human beings and human society.
There is also a legend in "Goddess of mending the sky", that is, a catastrophic disaster happened in nature, the sky collapsed, and raptors and beasts came out to harm the people. Nu Wa smelted five-color stones to fill the sky and slay the beasts.
It is also said that Nu Wa made a musical instrument called Sheng Chun, so people regard Nu Wa as the goddess of music.
According to the historical book Custom Yi Tong, Nu Wa established a marriage system for human beings, which enabled young men and women to intermarry and reproduce, so she was called the goddess of marriage.
There are many legends about Nuwa, which have been passed down to this day and have far-reaching influence.
Up to now, Miao and Dong people in Yunnan, China still worship Nuwa as the ancestor of their own nation.
Nu Wa, also known as Nu Wa and Nu Wa Niangniang, was born in Ji Cheng. When she said her name was Fengli (or died for Fengli), she was the goddess in China's historical myths and legends.
Nu Wa is the great mother of the Chinese nation. She kindly created people and bravely took care of them from natural disasters.
It is the creator god and ancestor god widely worshipped by people for a long time.
She has magical power and can create at least seventy things every day.
There is no record of the birthplace of Nuwa clan in the literature, but according to the relationship between Fuxi and Nuwa, the hometown of Nuwa should also be within the scope of ancient times.
When talking about Hulu River, a tributary of Weihe River, Li Daoyuan made special mention of ancient Loi Wo Temple in this area.
On the Hulu River in Qin 'anlong Town, not far from Dadiwan, there are Nuwa Cave and Laiwo Temple dedicated to Nuwa. Longcheng is also known as "the hometown of Wa emperors".
Nu Wa also takes Feng as her surname. Up to now, there are Fengtai, Feng Ying, Fengwei Village and other places, all related to the surname of Nuwa.
In China's oral history, it is said that Nu Wa is a real historical figure who mainly lives in the Loess Plateau. Her tomb is located in Donghou Village, Zhao Cheng, Hongtong County, Shanxi Province.
The tomb of Nuwa may have existed for more than three or four thousand years. Like the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, it is also the temple of the ancient emperors in China.
Around the tenth day of the third lunar month, there are seven-day large-scale temple fairs and sacrificial activities.
Nu Wa was born and died in Fengzhou (now Fengxian County, Baoji, Shaanxi Province) from 7759 BC to 7653 BC, and was founded in Fengcheng (Jiyuan, Henan Province) from 7707 BC to 7653 BC, with the year number of the first year of the Queen (7706 BC).
Nu Wa, the daughter of a great chief of Fuxi Fengxing tribe, was born in Fengzhou in the year of Renyin (7759 BC).
At the age of sixteen, Fuxi proposed to her with a pair of exquisite fox skins as a dowry, and they became husband and wife.
Since then, they have lived in Fengzhou and have had four sons, the first is Xi Zhong, the second is Uncle Xihong, the third is He Zhong, and the fourth is Uncle Hehe.
In the first year of Luofeng (7724 BC), Fuxi proclaimed himself emperor in Yuzhong, and Nu Wa stayed in Fengzhou.
In the summer of the sixth year of Luofeng (77 BC19 BC), a flood occurred in Fengzhou.
At that time, Fuxi and Nu Wa both lived in Fengzhou, and they organized their people to escape to the foot of Taibai Mountain in Qinling by gourd boat.
Later, they rebuilt their homes with the help of Taibai people.
In the twelfth year of Luo Feng (77 BC13 BC), she and some people from Fuxi moved to the King of Wu in the Central Plains (now Jiyuan, Henan), where they opened up a new territory.
In the fifteenth year of Luofeng (77 BC10), Fuxi sealed Nuwa in Ruyang (now Ruyang, Luoyang, Henan) and took charge of Zhongzhou.
In the eighteenth year of Luofeng (7707 BC), Fuxi died, and Nu Wa was elected as the emperor by the clan alliance, with Ruyang as its capital, the emperor as the queen, and the second year (7706 BC) as the first year of the queen.
Nu Wa is fifty-three years old this year.
After Nu Wa ascended the throne, she made some adjustments to some ruling officials: she was given the title of central family in Qinshui Valley and lived in Qinyang (now Jiaozuo, Henan).
After the seal, the emperor Xiangbai lived in the palace and the White Elephant (now Jiyuan, Henan).
Gong was appointed as an official, lived in Taihang Mountain and was in charge of water conservancy.
Zhu was appointed as a historian and lived in Xiangcheng (now Xuchang, Henan Province), specializing in writing books.
Hao was appointed as a calendar official, living in Shuiminggao (now Songxian County, Luoyang, Henan Province), majoring in Li Jia.
Lu Li was appointed to live in the wasteland of Xihua and Li Guang (now Xiayi, Henan Province) and be responsible for water conservancy construction.
Li Lian's family is in Lishan (now Lintong, Shaanxi), Ge is in Changge (now Changge, Xuchang, Henan), and Kang Yin's family is in Taikang (now Taikang, Zhoukou, Henan), responsible for agricultural production.
Jin was appointed to be in charge of customs in Taibai Town, Tongbai (now Tongbai, Nanyang, Henan).
Wu Ming was appointed to be in charge of Fu Jian in Dongming (now Dongming, Heze, Shandong).
He was ordered to be in charge of the disaster in Goushan (now Xingping, Shaanxi).
JiTong, Zhong You, Yang Hou Shi and Su Sha were appointed eunuchs.
Ji Tong lived in Wu Wang (now Jiyuan, Henan Province) and was in charge of the table. Zhong Qi lived in Yingfan (now Rizhao, Shandong) and was in charge of land and sea. Yang Hou Shi lives in Yanggu (now Liaocheng, Shandong Province) and is in charge of rivers and lakes; Su Sha lived in Dongping (now Taian, Shandong Province) and was in charge of sea salt.
Living in Xi Zhong, Guan Chun, Mu Zhengren lives in Qingqiu (now Qingxian County, Cangzhou City, Henan Province).
Xia Guanxi's uncle lived in Chenliu (now Kaifeng, Henan) to fight the fire. Qiu Guan and Zhong Wei Zheng Jin lived in Taibai Mountain in Qinling Mountains (now Taibai in Baoji, Shaanxi Province); Winter official uncle Shuizheng lives in Guimeng Mountain (now Pingyi, Linyi, Shandong).
In addition, Lushi was honored in Honglushui (now Lushi in Sanmenxia, Henan); Chaos stayed in Kunwu (now Changzhi, Shanxi); The big family lives in Juzi Mountain (now Xinzheng, Henan); You Chao's home is in Chaocheng (now Chaoyi Town, Dali, Weinan, Shaanxi); Wu Huai was born in Yecheng (now Suiping, Zhumadian, Henan).
In the second year of the Empress (7705 BC), the government refused to take orders from Nu Wa, who wanted to be emperor on her own. Nu Wa was angry and ordered Zhu Rong to lead the southern tribes to the Northern Expedition.
This is the earliest large-scale group war in the ancient history of China.
The end of the war between the two sides was * * * Gong's failure, leading his troops to flee to the west, and attacking the sacred place to worship heaven (now Yuzhong, Lanzhou, Gansu Province) angrily. * * Gong led his troops to attack the top of the mountain, cut down the trees in harmony with heaven, broke the criterion of eight ropes, tilted the watch to the southeast, and the watch rope was broken, and the eight dimensions were inaccurate, which symbolized that the worship center of kingship was seriously damaged.
Nu Wa also ordered Lian clan and Zhurong clan to jointly attack Gong clan and drive Gong clan to the north of Qilian Mountain.
Due to the destruction of the Tianqi table tree, astronomical observation and weather change prediction can not be carried out normally; As a result, the flood came this summer, people were swallowed up by the sudden flood without consciousness, and many ethnic groups were buried by the flood.
At that time, Nu Wa and others lived in the highlands and survived.
She immediately organized people to cut down trees, tied a simple raft, and went into the water to meet the trapped people.
They fought for three days and nights and rescued hundreds of young men and women. These rescued young people kowtowed to her and called her the virgin.
The history of Nu Wa leading the people to fight floods was later widely circulated among the people, and was gradually deified and interpreted into fairy tales.
In the tenth year of the Empress (7697 BC), Nu Wa announced the abolition of the old group marriage system and the implementation of female-dominated pairing marriage.
The family has also split from the original group family into an independent family with women as the main body.
But this kind of family is unstable, because the woman marries a man as her husband, and the married man has no position in the family, and has no political and economic power except labor and sexual relations with his wife.
A wife can kick her husband out at any time and then marry other men of other nationalities.
This kind of marriage lasts for months or days, and rarely lasts more than a year.
Therefore, a woman who marries in pairs may have dozens or even hundreds of marriages in her life.
A healthy man may be a husband several times or dozens of times in his life, but when he is old and weak, he will be driven back to his own ethnic group and rely on his niece to support him and die.
After Nu Wa, society gradually changed from matriarchal clan society to paternal clan society. Among the tribal peoples, some people take the name of Nuwa as their surname, which is a very, very old primitive second surname.