In terms of animal husbandry, which one is better, Zhengda or Zhengbang? What are the differences and what are the development prospects?
In terms of livestock breeding, Zhengbang is good, the brand is old, and the development prospects are judged by the market outlook. Recently, the price of live pigs in our province has stabilized, and the price of live pigs has rebounded slightly in some areas. Overall, the supply and demand of the live pig market will remain relatively balanced before the Spring Festival, and prices will rebound slightly. First, consumer demand will increase, and factors such as cooler weather and holiday effects will drive increased consumption; second, the cost of raising pigs continues to rise, which will support the price of pigs from falling excessively; third, from the data of 36 pig monitoring counties, in October The piglet stock accounted for 28.4% of the total stock, and the medium and large pig stock accounted for 59.3% of the total stock, which was basically maintained within a reasonable range, and the supply of live pigs was stable. Judging from the current sales of breeding pigs and binary sows, the supply of live pigs will continue to increase next year, and the price and efficiency situation is not optimistic. 2. Dairy Production
Since this year, the state and our province have further increased support for dairy farming and supervision of raw milk, implemented a 10 million-ton dairy industry leapfrogging project across the province, and strengthened positive publicity and guidance. , the average purchase price of raw milk remained stable, the number of dairy cows increased slightly, and the breeding efficiency was basically stable. According to statistics, the average milk price in our province on November 7 was 3.37 yuan/kg, a decrease of 0.30% from the previous month and an increase of 1.38% from the same period last year. According to current price levels, raising a cow with an annual output of 6 tons can earn about 2,000 yuan per year. First, dairy production has developed steadily. Affected by the state's support policy for the dairy industry and the consumption potential of dairy products, the number of dairy cows continues to grow, and dairy production continues to maintain a stable development trend. It is expected that the number of dairy cows in the province will exceed 1 million by the end of the year, a year-on-year increase of 4%. Ruzhou City used the national modern agriculture development funds to build 8 new standardized dairy farms with more than 200 cows, and the number of new cows reached more than 3,000. Second, the efficiency of dairy farming has declined. The analyzed reasons are mainly affected by cost increase. Although milk prices have increased compared with last year, the increase is far less than the increase in production costs, and the average income per cow has dropped significantly compared with last year. Affected by rising beef prices, sales of male calves and culled cows increased, which to a certain extent made up for gains in milk production. The third is the impact of declining efficiency on the market outlook. The decline in dairy farming efficiency mainly affects the adjustment of the cattle herd structure. Large-scale dairy farmers eliminate cows with low productivity in advance based on production efficiency to reduce feeding costs. Individual free-range farmers or small-scale farmers exit due to low management levels. According to a survey of a dairy farming cooperative in Dengzhou City, there were 1,200 dairy cows last year. After adjusting the herd structure, there are currently 870 cows on hand. In addition, affected by seasonal changes last year, cows were more sick. Some farms produced less than 50% of the cows per household, and the milk production of the cow group was low. According to a survey of Siyuan Dairy Farm in Pingdingshan City, there are currently 4,600 dairy cows on hand and 2,000 dairy cows. Due to the epidemic of dairy cows last year, the overall yield level has dropped slightly, and the average breeding income per cow has decreased.
Our bureau is working with the development and reform, finance and other departments to study and formulate raw milk pricing and third-party testing mechanisms to effectively protect the interests of dairy farmers and maintain the stability and health of the dairy market. It is expected that before the Spring Festival, consumption will increase and the raw milk market supply will be tight. This will ease after the Spring Festival, and dairy cow production will continue to maintain a steady growth momentum.
3. Poultry production
According to statistics, in the third quarter, the province’s poultry stock was 882.9442 million, and 651.1931 million were sold, a year-on-year increase of 6.08% and 6.23% respectively.
(1) The production of laying hens fluctuates significantly. Affected by the high price of eggs and high profits from breeding in 2011, farmers actively replenished their flocks, and the number of laying hens was continuously increased. This caused an oversupply of eggs around the Spring Festival, and the price of eggs also fell accordingly, reaching as low as 6.35 yuan in May. /Kilogram. The continued downturn in egg prices has led some farmers to increase their efforts in adjusting the structure of their chicken flocks and eliminate laying hens with declining egg production rates in advance. The market supply is relatively tight. In late May, affected by the significant increase in consumer demand and the relative decrease in market supply, egg prices rebounded rapidly, rising amid shocks, and falling regularly after the Mid-Autumn Festival. According to statistics on November 7, the average price of eggs in the province is 8.5 yuan/kg, an increase of 2.76% compared with the same period last year. Based on current prices, laying hen farming is basically in a state of capital preservation or low profit.
(2) Broiler chicken production is developing rapidly. The scale of broiler chickens in our province is high, and the production cycle is short. The supply and demand relationship of products can be adjusted in the short term, and farmers can also adjust production at any time based on profitability. Therefore, broiler chicken production generally maintains a stable development trend.
4. Beef and sheep production
The production of beef cattle and mutton sheep in our province is generally stable, and the prices of beef and mutton continue to rise. According to statistics on November 7, the prices of beef and mutton were 46.49 yuan respectively. /kg, 52.4 yuan/kg, up 2.36% and 2.14% respectively from the previous month, and up 21.69% and 13.87% respectively from the same period last year.
(1) Beef cattle breeding has a good momentum of development. Our province makes full use of national support policies and investment attraction platforms such as modern agricultural development funds, agricultural structural adjustment funds, and subsidy for improved varieties, to vigorously develop the beef cattle industry. According to statistics, in the first three quarters, 116 new beef cattle farms with an annual output of more than 500 cattle were built.
For example, Henan Hengdu Xia Nan Cattle Development Co., Ltd. invested 650 million yuan in Biyang County to build a 38,000 Xia Nan cattle breeding base project, which has started construction one after another, and part of it has been put into production. It invested 200 million yuan to build a production line project for annual slaughter of 150,000 beef cattle. Slaughtering equipment imported from the United States is being installed. The Nanyang Municipal Government and the Xinye County Government have allocated financial funds of 5 million yuan and 10 million respectively to support the development of beef cattle production. The Xinye Horqin Beef Cattle Industrialization Cluster has completed an investment of 80 million yuan. However, due to the low efficiency of raising cows, insufficient cattle sources are still the biggest factor restricting the development of the beef cattle industry.
(2) The large-scale breeding of mutton sheep has developed rapidly. As the price of mutton continues to rise, the efficiency of breeding has also continued to improve. People are generally more enthusiastic about raising sheep, and large-scale breeding of mutton sheep has developed rapidly. However, due to insufficient investment in infrastructure, lack of funds and policies, to a certain extent, the rapid development of the mutton sheep industry in our province has been restricted. First, the industrial chain is imperfect and the degree of industrialization is low. The mutton sheep industry system in our province is not yet complete, with few leading enterprises in breeding and processing, and most of the sheep produced for slaughter are exported live. The existing processing plants are small and scattered, with low technical level. They are mostly concentrated in Hui residential areas, such as Minquan, Shenqiu and other places. Second, the coverage rate of improved varieties is low and breeding technology is backward. Although the state started to implement a sheep breeding subsidy project in Henan this year, the price of breeding sheep is still high; free-range farmers lack relevant knowledge and the breeding technology is backward. The third is the lack of policies and funds. Compared with other livestock species, meat sheep production lacks strong policy guidance and financial support.
With the improvement of living standards, the consumption of beef and mutton has changed from a specific group in the past to a nationwide consumption. The demand will continue to increase, and the development prospects are promising.