What diseases should we be wary of when the weather is hot?
1, a hot disease that needs vigilance.
First: intestinal diseases represented by bacillary dysentery, food poisoning and fungal enteritis.
High-risk group: people who don't pay attention to diet and have a bad stomach.
Prevention suggestion: Summer is the high incidence period of gastrointestinal diseases. Throughout the summer, we should be careful of infectious diseases in all gastrointestinal diseases, because such diseases have great influence, mainly including typhoid and paratyphoid, especially paratyphoid. We must pay attention to food hygiene and life rules in summer.
The second is skin diseases represented by itching, tinea, warm rash, dermatitis, fungal infection and sun exposure.
High-risk group: people with allergic skin and dry skin.
Precautionary suggestions: The hot weather in summer, sweating, moist skin, easy to be infected with various germs, thin clothes in summer, many exposed parts, and skin bitten by insects and mosquitoes are also one of the reasons for more skin diseases. Pay special attention to skin diseases in summer. Just "grasping" or "forbearing" is not advisable. Be sure to pay attention to medication and sun protection.
Third: heatstroke represented by heat spasm, heat exhaustion, dizziness, thirst, excessive sweating and limb weakness.
High-risk group: people exposed to high temperature.
Precautionary suggestion: Heatstroke will slightly increase the body temperature, causing dizziness, limb weakness and other symptoms. It should be moved to a cool and ventilated place in time, supplemented with water and salt, and recovered in a short time.
2. Prevention methods of skin diseases
1. Rash: It is caused by high ambient temperature, high humidity and excessive sweating, which can't be evaporated in time, resulting in blocked sweat pores and sweat accumulation or rupture. Some are superficial blisters the size of rice grains, which are slightly desquamated and easy to rub and heal. More common in infants and pregnant women, known as miliaria; Some are scattered in small red papules, but have nothing to do with hair follicles, called erythema, which is more common in children, and some are small pustules, called pustules.
To prevent the occurrence of prickly heat, we should pay attention to the ventilation and cooling of the indoor environment to avoid excessive humidity and temperature; Clothing should be wide, reduce sweating, facilitate sweat evaporation, and change clothes frequently; Try to keep your skin dry and wipe your sweat with a dry towel. Obese people, babies and lying-in women take a bath in Qin Ying, but don't use cold water. Dry it and then coat it with prickly heat powder. The treatment can be cold, astringent and antipruritic drugs. If there is an abscess, you should go to the hospital for comprehensive treatment.
2. Sunburn: Due to sudden excessive sun exposure, erythema appears in the sun exposure area 3-6 hours after sun exposure. In severe cases, blisters can be formed, with obvious burning sensation and general discomfort.
In order to prevent sunburn, we should first avoid exposure to strong sunlight and gradually increase the exposure. Treatment is generally symptomatic, and various emollients, calamine lotion, corticosteroid cream and other protective agents can be used externally.
3. Photosensitive dermatitis: Photosensitive dermatitis is caused by some people's allergy to ultraviolet rays, which only appears in a few people. These people usually get sick after sun exposure 1-2 days. Rash mostly occurs in the "V"-shaped area of face, neck, front of neck, back of hand and upper limbs, showing small papules, small blisters and self-conscious itching. In severe cases, the rash can also appear in the non-light area without pain and obvious itching and disappear. If not actively treated, chronic photosensitive dermatosis can be formed.
Because the onset of this disease is related to allergic constitution, we should pay attention to avoiding light, and it is best not to go out from 9 to 5 every day. Be sure to take sun protection measures when you go out. Once there is a rash, we can use all kinds of ointment or cream containing hormones externally, or consult a doctor to choose suitable oral drugs.
4. Papular urticaria: This disease is related to mosquito bites, such as bugs, fleas, lice, mites, mosquitoes and other insects that inject saliva after biting the skin and induce allergic reactions. Rash is a spindle-shaped red air mass-like lesion from mung bean to peanut, with small blisters at the top and hemispherical bulges with large tension blisters. Rash mostly occurs in trunk and limbs, and can be scattered or scattered, with obvious itching.
Try to prevent this disease as little as possible in grass, shade or wet and mosquito-infested places. Mosquito coils can be smoked indoors. After the rash appears, various kinds of ointment or cream containing hormones can be used externally or appropriate oral drugs can be selected. However, it should be noted that it is best not to apply safflower oil, because it may cause allergies and aggravate the condition.
5. Allergic dermatosis: Allergic diseases caused by plant pollen and pollen mites make allergic people allergic to respiratory tract, eyes and skin. Mainly manifested as paroxysmal sneezing, runny nose and stuffy nose, headache, tears, like a cold; The skin may have local or systemic urticaria, recurrent facial dermatitis, itching and other symptoms.
To prevent allergic skin diseases, we should try to eat less high-protein and high-calorie diet, and people with allergic history should try to go to places with lush flowers and trees; Wear long-sleeved clothes, shoes and socks and desensitizing drugs when going out for an outing. If you encounter itchy skin, fever, cough and shortness of breath, you should leave here quickly. If the symptoms are mild, you can take oral desensitization drugs. Once you have asthma symptoms, you should go to the hospital in time.
6. Viral skin diseases: chicken pox, rubella, etc. Chickenpox is acute, with fever, burnout, loss of appetite and other systemic symptoms. Children are at high risk of chickenpox. Rubella is an acute infectious disease caused by rubella virus, which spreads through respiratory tract. After inhaling the virus, symptoms will appear after an incubation period of 2 to 3 weeks.
To prevent viral skin diseases, it is necessary to take children to public places less. If the child has chicken pox, the diet should be light and easy to digest during the fever, and pay attention to rest. You should also keep your skin clean and hygienic. When the skin itches, you can apply some antipruritic liquid medicine. The key to prevent rubella virus is to reduce contact with rubella patients. If pregnant women are exposed to rubella patients and are diagnosed with rubella within the first three months of pregnancy, induced abortion should be considered.