A brief introduction of Lei Wanchun, a famous Tang Dynasty, what kind of god was Lei Wanchun among the people?
Pan Yang, a native of Zhuozhou, Tang Dynasty, Lei Wanchun, was born in Kaiyuan on March 15th, 71, and died in Zhide on October 9th, 757, at the age of 55. Three sons were born, the eldest son was named Qi (Lei Fengfa), the second son was named Xing (Lei Jingjun), and the boy Lei Jingjin. He studied martial arts since he was a child, and he was born with both wisdom and courage. In 77, General Lei Wanchun, a loyal and brave man, went to Chisong Mountain in Forty-eight Villages to study boxing and art of war with the old man who grinded the mirror. The old man gave General Lei Wanchun the legal name Daoyan (now there are inscriptions in Forty-eight Villages), and Lei Wanchun studied boxing and art of war in Forty-eight Villages for 16 years before joining the army. Aspiring to serve our country, but not at the right time. He met Nan Jiyun, and they became friends with Jin Lan. On the recommendation of Lei Haiqing, the sworn brother, he defected to Zhang Xun, the magistrate of Zhenyuan County. During the Anshi Rebellion, Zhang Xun defended Yongqiu (now Qixian County, Henan Province), resisted the An Lushan Army, and hit six arrows on the city, holding his ground. Later, he followed Zhang Xun to Suiyang (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) and remained unyielding. After the city fell, he was killed with Zhang Xun. The Anshi Rebellion held fast to Tianbao for fourteen years (755). Fan Yang, dispatch troops, An Lushan, led 15, rebels south to rebel against the Tang Dynasty in the name of seeking Yang Guozhong by secret orders, which is known as the Anshi Rebellion in history.
It took only half a year for the rebels to conquer the counties in Hebei until Luoyang, and the next year they captured Tongguan, the gateway of Chang 'an, forcing Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty to flee to Shu in a hurry, and the rebels moved to Chang 'an. The area occupied by the rebels "starts from Fanyang in the north with Luoyang as the fulcrum, and forms the north-south line along Changshan and Yejun, and then passes through Shaanxi and Tongguan in the west until Chang 'an, and along Chenliu and Bianzhou in the east, connecting Qiaocheng County and Caozhou as the east-west line". Since then, in order to consolidate and seize the national political power, the rebels intend to move eastward, targeting Yongqiu and Suiyang. "Suiyang is located in the upper reaches of Jianghuai, which is the strength of Bianluo, with Jianghuai in the south, river economy in the north, Pengcheng in the left, Bianjing in the right, which is the main road of the north and south of the river." Suiyang is known as "the shield of Jianghuai and the throat of Heluo". The rebels want to go south to Jianghuai and Jianghan areas according to Suiyang, so as to cut off the source of money and grain of the Tang Dynasty and plunder its wealth as the capital of a lasting war. Therefore, for the Tang dynasty, it was the basis of suppressing the rebellion to guard Suiyang with troops and not fall into the hands of the rebels. Tang started the vigorous defense of Suiyang led by Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan.
Yin Ziqi was a favorite of An Lushan. In January of the second year of German reign (757), he led 13, troops to attack Suiyang City. Xu Yuan, the prefect of Suiyang, sent troops to Zhang Xun for emergency. Zhang Xun deployed the guards of Ningling, led 2, elite soldiers to Suiyang, and together with the city father (now southeast of Bozhou, Anhui Province), made Yao * * * 6,8 people stationed in Suiyang. Being outnumbered, Zhang Xun encouraged the soldiers to say that the rebels are a mob. Although there are many, there is no need to be afraid. As long as you go up and down Qi Xin, you will be able to repel the rebels, and the soldiers are not more skilled, so you will not be brave. Thieves have few plans, thieves are arrogant and have no wisdom, and rabble have few plans and commit insurrection, which will undoubtedly lead to defeat.
In the second year of German reign (757) in February, Yin Ziqi sent more troops to Suiyang. Zhang Xun took psychological tactics, repelled several rebel attacks, and wounded Yin Ziqi with a plan. Rebels' morale is low, and patrolling is not only good at guarding the city, but also pays attention to attacking the heart and disintegrating the enemy. History says: "Thieves who attack the city often abandon the city to fight to the death, with more than 3 people around." In July of the second year of Zhide (757), the rebels increased their troops by tens of thousands, and Yin Ziqi became even more arrogant. The situation in Suiyang City is even more severe, the enemy is under siege, and there is a shortage of rations in the city. The soldiers and civilians in the city have a spoonful of decimeter per person every day, mixed with bark, tea and paper cooked cowhide for cooking. The soldiers are getting thinner, but their morale is not diminished. When Suiyang ran out of food, the soldiers once proposed to abandon the east of the city and fight to the death with the enemy after getting food. Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan believed that Suiyang was the gateway of eastern Henan, the key of Zhongzhou, the barrier of Jianghuai, and the rebels had it, which would lead to war in the south of the Yangtze River, and the Tang Dynasty lost its food supply. What's more, the soldiers in the city were tortured by hunger and war and were unable to escape. It is better to stick to the isolated city and wait for the arrival of court reinforcements. By the beginning of October, the city was completely out of food, even the bark and tea paper were eaten up, so the soldiers killed horses and ate them, and when all the horses were killed, the sparrow dug up the mouse and ate them. Yin Ziqi led the rebels to smash the southwest gate into the city, and Zhang Xun and others were captured. Yin Ziqi persuaded Zhang Xun to surrender several times, and all he got was repeated abuse, "I want to swallow the thief and bend my ears." 36 people, including Zhang Xun, Xu Yuan and Nan Jiyun, died unyielding. Three days after the city of Suiyang was broken, Zhang Gao, the newly appointed Henan provincial envoy of the Tang Dynasty, led the army to arrive, defeated the rebels and recaptured Suiyang. In the battle of Suiyang, Lei Wanchun stood on the wall and bid. In the fierce battle, Lei Wanchun was shot six times in the face, but he still stood motionless in Chengtou, making the enemy suspect that he was a woodcut man. Later, it was discovered that the shot turned out to be a real person _ _ _ Lei Wanchun. The rebel general Linghu Chao couldn't help praising Zhang Xun and said, "To see General Lei, I know that my military orders are enough! "In the end, the brave general who even praised the enemy finally died at the same time as Zhang Xun, so Lei Wanchun's reputation has been passed down through the ages and respected by future generations.
A national hero who devoted himself to the battle of Suiyang
The battle of Suiyang is famous in history, tragic and tragic, and saved the people in the south of the Yangtze River from the suffering of war. It stopped the rebels from going south, saved the rich financial resources of the Great Wall of the Tang Dynasty and Jianghuai, and won valuable time and material guarantee for the counterattack of the Tang Dynasty. When the Hakkas moved south, they not only moved their families away, but also brought their worship of Zhang Xun, Xu Yuan, Nan Jiyun and Lei Wanchun to other places. People in the southeast of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Zhejiang have great respect for them, and temples dedicated to Zhang Xun and Lei Wanchun are widely distributed. Zhang Xun, worshipped in Zhang Wangmiao Temple in Poyang County, was accompanied by Xu Yuan, Lei Wanchun and Nan Jiyun. Four people, Zhang, Xu, Nan and Lei, were worshiped in the Four Loyalty Temple in Gutian, Fujian. In southern Fujian, since the Tang and Song Dynasties, the custom of loyalty and faithfulness has been widely spread among the people, and there are also many people in Quanzhou and Jinjiang who worship the loyal king. Chinese in Southeast Asia, compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and overseas Chinese, because of their attachment to the motherland, pay homage to loyal ministers and good generals for generations. They have great respect for Zhang Xun, and there is a temple dedicated to Zhang Xun, calling Zhang Xun Wang Ye. Taiwan Province compatriots are looking forward to the reunification and stability of the motherland. The Dazhong Temple in Nanyanshui Town in Taiwan has been dedicated to Lei Wanchun since the dawn, and they all admire the loyalty of the motherland. It is a spiritual worship that combines patriotism with belief in customs, and it is a spiritual worship that opposes national division and safeguards the reunification of the motherland in the loyalty idol. Later generations offered sacrifices to the 18-way gods in Min County, Gansu Province
People in Min County worshipped water gods and 18 gods, which is an ancient Han folk custom and folk belief activity. On the 17th day of the fifth lunar month, at the Erlang Mountain Flower Festival, water is splashed on the streets to welcome the gods, and they all give gifts and robes. Lei Wanchun ranks ninth in its ranking. In Leijiazhuang, Shili Township, Min County, and Qingshui Town, Min County, there are "Martyrs' Shrine" dedicated to the main gods: Lei Wanchun. There is a Leizu Temple in Lintan County, Gansu Province, dedicated to the statue of Lei Wanchun. Most Lei families regard Wan Chungong as the "family god", and local people call him "Master Tu Zhu" or "Dragon King Chi Cha". Gaohuang Temple in Tianshui City
The "Gaohuang" worshiped by Hougaohuang Temple in Lingyuan, Taizu Mountain, Tianshui Town is Lei Wanchun. Lei Wanchun was originally a general of Zhang Xun in the Tang Dynasty. During the Anshi Rebellion, he stuck to Suiyang with Zhang Xun and Nan Jiyun, and was shot dead by the rebels with disorderly arrows, and died heroically. Tang Suzong set up two temples to worship Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan, and shared them with Lei Wanchun and Nanji Cloud. On July 15th every year, the people of eighteen villages around Gaohuang Temple spontaneously organize themselves, collect money to sing magic plays and worship the mountain. On New Year's Eve, people who wish to go to Gaohuang Temple are like long snakes in droves. Sometimes there are hundreds of cocks wishing, and it is very rare to have a sacrifice. Sacrifice to Lei Wanchun is also widespread in other parts of Tianshui. Tianshui people yearn for the ancient loyal people, which can be seen from offering sacrifices to Ji Xin, Nan Jiyun and Lei Wanchun. Taiwei Hall in Jixi, Anhui
Every household in Shimen Village, Jixi County will eat zongzi like the Dragon Boat Festival on September 12th of the lunar calendar, which is also a unique custom in Shimen, and this day is also regarded as the unique "Zongzi Festival" in Shimen Village.
According to legend, during the Xuanzong period of the Tang Dynasty, there were two generals, Nan Jiyun and Lei Wanchun, who made outstanding achievements in quelling the Anshi Rebellion. In October, the second year of Zhide (AD 757), the rebels were exhausted and captured. On the execution ground, Nan Jiyun said, "A man is a gentleman, and you should not give in to the unjust. You would rather lose your head and go down in history, leaving no stigma in the world." Die heroically. Later generations once wrote a poem praising: Do you laugh at others after spilling blood? The hometown coarse beans are in poverty; Where is Li Tang now? Not as good as the general still has a temple! Emperor Su Zong made them Qiu! If a businessman passes by the ancient Huizhou-Hangzhou road here in a hundred years, he will rest here and make a fire to keep warm. A few days after he left, he came back here and found that the ashes here were still hot, and there were many towering trees around, which made him feel that this place was a treasure trove of geomantic omen. I went back to prepare to move my family here to live. After I went back, I had a dream in the evening. I dreamed that Qiu told him that it was not suitable for people to live here. He came here the next day to find the patriarch and told him about this dream. The patriarch said that he had had the same dream. Later, the businessman paid the patriarch to lead the whole village to build the Hall of Qiu to commemorate him. Slowly, more and more people came here to offer sacrifices to him.
Every year, September 12th of the lunar calendar is the birthday of Master Tai Wei, who naturally likes go to the opera. Therefore, while building the Guangfu Temple, an ancient stage was built on the side (i.e. just south) of the Temple of Tai Wei. Just at this time, it happened that the farmers had finished harvesting the rice in Tanaka. In order to celebrate the joy of harvest, good men and women, Huizhou opera fans, small business vendors, adults and children gathered here to burn incense and worship Buddha in the temple during the day and make vows, and meet at night for entertainment. The Wanchun Leigong Temple in Taishan City, Guangdong Province
is located in Shuibu Town, Taishan City, Guangdong Province. It is located in the middle of a field, surrounded by green trees and bamboo, surrounded by clear water and criss-crossing buildings, which can be described as a wonderful place. From the appearance, the temple is a modern building with yellow tiles and white walls, and murals are painted on the door walls. Where there is a temple, there must be a couplet. At the entrance of Leigong Temple, there is a pair of couplets: thousands of trees are dancing, sheltering the people from the shadows of the ages. Spring is bright and beautiful, and it is fragrant to me for a hundred generations.
The stone inscription in front of the temple records that it was originally the Dragon Mother Temple, which was rebuilt in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, and was later demolished for various reasons. In order to commemorate the great achievements of Lei Wanchun, a famous Tang Dynasty, in 25, Mr. Leiden and his wife proposed to raise 32, yuan to build this Wanchun Leigong Temple. In addition, Lei Wanchun's Resume is engraved: Lei Wanchun was a war general in the Tang Dynasty, and he was involved in the Anshi Rebellion. An Lushan surrounded Henan Yongqiu (Qixian) and Suiyang (Shangqiu) with more than 1, troops, and the county magistrate Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan each led the troops to defend the city, engaging in more than 4 battles for two years. General Lei, who was in charge of Yongqiu, was shot with six arrows, as if motionless, and his command was determined. After being trapped in Suiyang for 1 months with 4 disabled soldiers, foreign aid was cut off, and hunger could not be fought, which was broken by enemy general Yin Ziqi. Thirty-six people, including Zhang, Xu, Lei and Nan Jiyun, all died calmly. The Emperor of the Tang Dynasty was reinstated, and General Lei was posthumously awarded as "Assistant Minister of the Ministry of War" and later named "Prince of Jin Shun".
when I entered the main hall, I saw a general sitting like a sword, with heavy eyebrows and big eyes, a red face and a long beard, and a refined air, which was quite different from the image of an ancient military commander I usually saw. The temples on both sides are also dedicated to Marshal Zhao Gong, the God of Wealth, and Empress Jinhua. The manager told us that this area is where Lei lived. In the past, there was a statue of Lei Wanchun in the temple of Longmu Temple. Later, it was converted into Leigong Temple, and Lei Wanchun became the Lord God. Every traditional festival, people from all over the country will come to worship him. When we asked the manager about the relationship between villagers surnamed Lei and Lei Wanchun, he couldn't explain it clearly.
The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty states that Zhang Xun "sent Lei Wanchun, Nan Jiyun and others to fight the north of Ningling, beheaded 2 thieves, killed more than 1, people, and dumped their bodies in Bian, but the water did not flow". This shows that his martial arts are high-powered and well-directed. After the rebellion was put down, Tang Suzong felt his loyalty, and Qin named Lei Wanchun as a doctor and a loyal general in Rong Lu, and ordered the people to set up a temple for sacrifice. Therefore, Lei Wanchun's heroic deeds of protecting the country are widely circulated, and some stories also have magical colors. For example, it is said that after Lei Wanchun died, his head was carried back to his hometown by cranes. As a result, temples have been built in various places to offer sacrifices, and the people who burn incense are in an endless stream. There are also dramas and stories such as "Lei Wanchun Beats the Tiger" among the people. Wen Tianxiang, a national hero of the Southern Song Dynasty, also wrote The Biography of Wan Chun. Taiwei Temple in Juncun Village, Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province
Taiwei Temple in Juncun Village worships Lei Wanchun, a general of Zhang Xun. Located in: Juncunwei Shangjie was built in the middle of Qianlong period. There was a stage opposite a pair of beautiful stone lions at the temple gate, which was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution. This used to be the most prosperous area of Juncun Fair. According to legend, the Mid-Autumn Festival on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month is the birthday of Master Qiu (Lei Wanchun), so every morning on this day, Master Qiu's birthday celebration will be held in the local area, and every household in the village will worship, and then have a birthday party, and everyone will independently participate in the powerful donation. After breakfast, it is necessary to start singing the puppet show, and it is necessary to invite the puppet show class to sing for Master Qiu, at least for more than half a month when singing for more than five or six days. The puppet troupe's main funds come from local believers in return for the protection of Master Qiu. Up to now, Taiwei Temple has been protected and repaired by non-governmental councils. The ancient stage and Taiwei Temple are the witness of the history of Juncun Fair. Taiwei Temple in Xiafu, Ganxian County, Jiangxi Province
In Xiafu Village, Ganxian County, there is a Taiwei Temple, which is a two-story pavilion building, in which the main god is Lei Wanchun. This temple is the temple with the highest incense in Xiafu, and the temple fair in Taiwei Temple is not only Xiafu, but also the most influential and lively temple fair in nearby Fiona Fang. The temple was destroyed in the 194s and has not been restored. The Anxi Temple in Wutiaogang, Yunlin County, Taiwan Province Province
is located in the northwest of Wugang Village, Taixi Town, Yunlin County, with its east facing west. It is dedicated to Zhang Xun (Zhang Fu's chitose), Li Mi (Li Fu's chitose) and Mo Ying (Mo Fu's chitose) of the Tang Dynasty, collectively known as "Zhang Li Mo Fu's three chitose". The Anxi House in Wujiaogang is the ancestral temple of all Zhang Limo's chitose temples in Taiwan Province, and it is one of the important temples to worship Taoism, with a flourishing incense and more than 3, branches at home and abroad.
the Anxi prefecture of wutiaogang was built on Haifeng island (now the outer umbrella island) in the 6th year of Qing Qianlong (1759) and moved to the present site of Wugang village in Yunlin county in the 11th year of Jiaqing (186). Since then, due to the large number of believers and the flourishing incense, it has been continuously built. Nowadays, in addition to the temple buildings, there are fish ponds, garden landscaping, Phoenix, etc., which are quite distinctive temples in Taiwan Province.
The Prince's Hall is dedicated to General Lei Wanchun. According to the records, Lei Wanchun, king of riding a tiger, also known as Wu 'an King and Lei Fu Tianzun, was a subordinate of Zhang Xun, a famous minister in the Tang Dynasty. He was brave and good at fighting, and Zhang Xun relied heavily on him. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, thieves rebelled against An Lushan, and Zhang Xun set out to make a crusade. Lei Wanchun was ordered to guard Yongqiu, and the rebel general Linghu Chao led an army to surround Yongqiu City. Lei Wanchun stood on the city and angered Linghu Chao, who ordered the archers who were lying in ambush to send their bows and arrows in unison. Although Lei Wanchun had six arrows in his face, he still stood firm. Linghu Chao was suspected of being a wooden man, but when he learned the truth, he called Zhang Xun at a distance, saying, "I didn't know that your other branch was strict until I met General Lei. "Lei Wanchun later followed Zhang Xun and Xu Yuan to defend Suiyang City. The city was broken and captured, and Suiyang soldiers died calmly.
When later generations carved and painted the statue of Lei Wanchun, they usually left six black spots on their faces, representing the scars of the six arrows that they were hit that day. General Lei Wanchun was generally enshrined in the Xuyuan Temple of Zhangxun, but a temple was built separately in the Song Dynasty. It is said that at that time, there was a red snake on the incense burner in the temple, and it didn't move for a whole month until someone wrote a memorial saying that such a foreign object would scare the believers, and the snake left the next day. Introduction to Nanyang Tiandi Palace in the Philippines
In the Buddhist temple of Nanyang Tiandi Palace in the Philippines, Lei Wanchun is one of the deities, and the deity enshrined in Tiandi Palace is big.