How to protect the room from heat and sunshine in summer
Window items
According to experts, among the four envelope structures of building doors and windows, walls, roofs and floors, doors and windows have the worst thermal insulation performance, and their energy consumption is four times that of walls. Therefore, the transformation of sun protection and heat preservation is mainly carried out from windows and walls. Sunlight is mainly composed of visible light, infrared light and ultraviolet light. Infrared rays will increase the indoor temperature and increase the use of air conditioners, while ultraviolet rays will accelerate the aging and fading of household items such as wall paint, furniture, curtains and carpets, and bring harm to the skin. The most ideal sun protection and heat insulation material can not only maintain good light transmittance, but also minimize the penetration of solar thermal radiation and ultraviolet rays. As far as the window itself is concerned, the thermal insulation transformation is mainly carried out by transforming the glass, changing the way of opening the window and replacing the window frame.
Change the window opening mode
At present, the popular plastic-steel windows and broken-bridge aluminum windows are mainly opened in two ways: push-pull and flat, with different energy-saving effects. Although the opening area of sliding window is small, the sealing effect is not ideal, and the sealing performance and heat insulation function of casement window are better.
Changing the way of opening windows to prevent sun exposure also has disadvantages. When the outer window is opened, it takes up the space outside the wall, which is easy to be damaged when it is windy, while the inner window takes up part of the indoor space, so it is not convenient to use screens and curtains when opening the window.
Modified glass
Among all the heat passing through the building's external windows, the glass, which accounts for about 80% of the window area, has the most heat penetration. The energy loss of ordinary single-layer glass windows accounts for more than half of the energy consumption of cooling buildings in summer, and the ultraviolet rays and infrared rays in the sun can pass through unimpeded, so it is the most direct and effective method to attack glass. At present, there are three common glass treatment methods: one is to change materials and replace ordinary glass with coated glass; Second, adding layers, using double-layer insulating glass instead of single-layer glass; Third, the film is pasted, and the heat insulation film is pasted on the glass.
low emissivity
Low-E glass, also known as low-emissivity glass, is a thin film product composed of multiple layers of metals or other compounds coated on the glass surface, and its coating layer has the characteristics of high transmission of visible light and high reflection in the middle and far infrared. For the sake of its own performance and more energy saving, it is generally not used directly as a single piece, but as a raw material for synthesizing hollow laminated glass after reprocessing.
Advantages: it has a good function of blocking heat radiation transmission while ensuring good lighting in the building. Compared with the residential building with single-layer ordinary window (aluminum window frame), the double-layer Low-E glass window filled with argon can reduce the peak cooling load in summer by more than 40%. Can keep warm in summer and in winter? Warm in winter and cool in summer? Effect.
Disadvantages: the price is on the high side, and all window frames need to be replaced when replacing. The construction is troublesome and cannot effectively prevent ultraviolet rays.
hollow glass
Insulated glass is made of two or more pieces of glass framed by aluminum hollow edges, sealed by gluing or welding, and a free space is formed in the middle, which can be filled with dry air or inert gas. If inert gas such as argon is filled into the insulating glass, the thermal resistance of the insulating glass will be further effectively increased; If Low-E glass is combined into insulating glass, the heat insulation effect of external windows can be significantly improved.
Advantages: Compared with single-layer glass, insulating glass has better heat insulation, heat preservation and sound insulation performance.
Disadvantages: the insulating performance of insulating glass without Low-E glass is much worse, and the window frame must be replaced when using insulating glass, which is relatively troublesome and expensive.
fenestrated membrane
Glass energy-saving adhesive film is made of polyester film and metal coating by vacuum magnetic spraying process (more advanced than magnetron sputtering process), which can provide sunshine control function for all kinds of glass. There are many kinds of energy-saving adhesive films: simple heat insulation film, film with heat insulation function, explosion-proof film and so on.
Advantages: it can give consideration to the functions of lighting, heat insulation and ultraviolet protection, and it is more economical than replacing Low-E glass or insulating glass, and the installation and construction are more convenient. The installation glue in the window film contains ultraviolet absorbent, which can block 98%-99% ultraviolet rays.
Disadvantages: the market is chaotic, inferior films are rampant, and the price system is chaotic. Good quality films are still expensive.
Tips: only use it on the window glass of the sunny room or balcony, saving money. In order to prevent aging, it is best to install the window film with glass facing indoors, and do not wipe it with hard materials with metal wires.
Replace window frame
About 1/4 of the whole window is made of window frame material, and a good window frame material has better heat insulation performance. At present, broken bridge aluminum, new hot bridge aluminum alloy window profiles, glass fiber reinforced plastic profiles and steel-plastic extrusion profiles are mainly recommended.
Advantages: low conduction heat loss, good heat insulation effect when used with insulating glass and Low-E glass.
Insufficient: the price is high.
Wall article
For houses facing west, south and top floor, the thin wall and top surface in the west and north can also play a certain role in heat insulation. Thermal insulation can be divided into external thermal insulation and internal thermal insulation. Thermal insulation is called external thermal insulation on the outside of external wall masonry and internal thermal insulation on the inside of external wall masonry. Exterior wall insulation is generally done by the property please construction company, to apply with the city department, but also to do enclosure. Ordinary families are suitable for internal thermal insulation, that is, a layer of wood, asbestos, glass fiber pellets and other materials with high thermal insulation performance is sandwiched between the internal wall and the top surface.
Advantages: it can be insulated in summer and in winter.
Disadvantages: the cost is relatively high, generally 4-8 cm thick. The cost is generally above 300 yuan /m2. Internal insulation will also thicken the wall and occupy the indoor area. In addition, the wall with internal insulation layer cannot be hung in principle because of the poor bearing capacity of foam insulation board, and it can only be hung after installing bearing brackets and expansion bolts.
Curtain products
Hanging curtains for sun protection and heat insulation is a common traditional means. There are many kinds of curtains, which have their own advantages and disadvantages in sun protection and heat insulation. It's best to choose thicker curtains with sunscreen coating and materials.
Fabric curtain
Fabric curtain is one of the most commonly used curtains in the family. For fabric curtains, the thicker the thickness and the darker the color, the better the shading and heat insulation effect. However, pure cotton and hemp are more breathable. You can choose materials with anti-ultraviolet function. If you don't want to change the original curtain, you can add a layer of shading cloth between the fabric curtain and the gauze curtain.
Advantages: Good sun curtains and shading cloth can play a good role in heat insulation, sun protection and ultraviolet protection.
Disadvantages: ordinary fabric curtains do not have the function of ultraviolet protection, and the heat insulation function is also general. Curtains with anti-ultraviolet function are more expensive. After the sunshade and shading cloth are pulled, the lighting is not good.
Tips: For anti-ultraviolet curtains, it is best to ask the merchant for the corresponding test certificate for inspection.
roller blind
High-quality roller blinds can be integrated with shading, sound insulation, safety and convenience, and there are many control modes such as manual and electric.
Advantages: rich and colorful patterns, better lighting by semi-transparent roller blinds, and more personalized space provided by large pictures.
Disadvantages: Only fabric roller blinds with heat insulation materials and roller blinds with sun protection coating have anti-ultraviolet effect.
Venetian blinds
There are many kinds of materials in venetian blinds, such as metal, plastic, solid wood and bamboo. The opening angle is adjustable, fully closed or semi-closed, and the dimming and ventilation are better than other curtains.
Advantages: the materials, shapes and colors are diverse, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of indoor use and the change of sunlight irradiation angle. When the sun is strong, it can be completely closed, which is especially beneficial to air-conditioned buildings; When the weather is cool or you need to see the scenery, you can open it all; When indirect sunlight is needed, the leaves can reflect sunlight, so that the light can be scattered indoors and softened. Ventilation is also good, and daily cleaning is more convenient.
Disadvantages: Not all venetian blinds has heat insulation function. It is best to choose metal venetian blinds with thermal insulation coating and fabric venetian blinds with thermal insulation material.