The longest-lived koi fish in the world.
The longest-lived koi fish in the world.
Koi fish is a domestic ornamental carp, which belongs to CYPRINIDAE in biology. First seen in China's Western Jin Dynasty, it was very popular in Ming Dynasty. A living gem in the water? 、? The art of swimming? Good name. It is said that koi fish originated from koi fish in Longzhou, Guangxi, China, red carp in Xingguo, Jiangxi and golden carp in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, and was introduced to Japan from China in the early days. Fei carp? 、? Color carp? 、? Flower carp? Renamed after World War II? Koi fish? . Koi fish originated in China, flourished in Japan, and then returned to China. What's it like? Export to domestic sales? This process. Koi fish has low requirements for water quality, miscellaneous eating habits and easy reproduction. It has a strong physique, colorful, changeable patterns and magnificent swimming posture. Its body length can reach 1- 1.5 meters, and its life span is extremely long. Can live 60-70 years (according to legend, koi fish is 200 years old), which means good luck and is said to bring good luck to people. It is a popular feng shui fish and fish. Koi fish is loved by more and more people because of his unique masculine beauty. The king of ornamental fish? The reputation of.
Koi fish introduction
Koi fish's body is spindle-shaped, which is divided into three parts: head, trunk and tail. There is a mouth at the front end of the head, and the mouth edge is toothless, but there are developed throat teeth. There are eyes on both sides in the middle, noses on the eyes and gills on both sides of the eyes.
1. Length and weight
Koi fish has a strong physique, bright colors, changeable patterns and beautiful swimming posture, which is of great ornamental and breeding value. Koi fish is a large individual with a body length of 1- 1.5m and a body weight of 10kg or more.
Koi fish's body length is over 90cm, which can be said to be quite large. However, a koi fish of Pinus densiflora with a body length of 125cm appeared at a Japanese oral judging meeting, and what's more, a super giant carp with a body length of 150cm and a weight of 45kg was recorded.
2. Fins
Fish can be divided into pectoral fin, ventral fin, dorsal fin, anal fin and caudal fin. Fin is the motor organ of koi fish. The pectoral fin and ventral fin are equivalent to human limbs. Fins have the ability to regenerate after being removed or broken.
3. Must
The two pairs of tentacles on koi fish's mouth are sensory organs searching for food in the mud.
4. Eyes
Like most fish, koi fish has no eyelids, so his eyes are always wide open and never closed. At the same time, there are no lacrimal glands and no tears. Koi fish's eyes are located on both sides of his head, so his field of vision is very wide, reaching 160 ~ 170 degrees, twice that of human beings. The iris cannot move, so the pupil cannot be adjusted. So koi fish can't tell small things apart, and he doesn't like strong direct light.
5. Ears
Koi fish has no outer ear, only inner ear, no cochlea. So some people say that fish are deaf. But koi fish's inner ear does hear sounds; At the same time, the swim bladder can also play the role of hearing; But what really plays a hearing role is the lateral lines on both sides of the fish.
6. Mouth
Koi fish has no teeth in his mouth, so he can't chew. But there are a pair of throat teeth in the throat to crush food.
7. Leather color
Koi fish's skin color is very ornamental. All colors in koi fish are the result of the contraction and diffusion of pigment cells buried under the epidermis and between tissues under the scales. This cell contains four pigments: melanin, yellow pigment, red pigment and white pigment. The contraction and diffusion of pigment cells are related to sensory organs and nervous system, and they are particularly sensitive to light, which makes koi fish show dazzling colors and stripes.
8. Skin and dermis
The fish body is an outer skin, which is divided into outer skin and inner dermis. Mucus secreted by epidermal mucus cells can effectively prevent parasites from attaching. Below the epidermis is the dermis, which contains blood vessels and nerves, and the base of the fish scales is buried in the dermis.
9. Scale
Fish are covered with scales, which are differentiated from dermal cells and have protective effects. Once scales fall off, they can regenerate. However, the regenerated scales will be disordered. Fish scales have rings like sawn tree trunks, from which koi fish's age can be calculated.
10. sideline business
Koi fish has a vertical dotted line at the center of both sides of his body, which extends from the head to the tail, and is called the lateral line, which is the sensory organ of fish. The lateral organs can feel three kinds of mechanical stimuli: water flow, surface wave and near-field sound wave, which can accurately measure the orientation of insects falling into the water. The range it feels is nine times higher than that of human beings. At the same time, the lateral organs also have the function of maintaining body balance. If a koi fish loses its balance, no matter how good other conditions are, it will lose its ornamental value.
1 1.
Koi fish has no stomach, and the esophagus goes straight to the intestine. Naturally, there is no pepsin, so the digestibility is very low. Therefore, the raw materials of artificial feed should be crushed into very fine powder and then granulated. The liver and pancreas together are called hepatopancreas. The swim bladder is on the back of the body cavity and is divided into two chambers. The heart is wrapped in pericardium, consisting of atrium and ventricle, with an arterial ball attached. There are excretory holes and reproductive holes at the front end of the base of gluteal fin, which communicate with rectum, urethra and gonad respectively, and sperm and eggs are formed in the reproductive nest.
12. Gender
The abdomen of female fish is bigger than that of male fish; The anus of female fish is wide and flat, nearly round, while that of male fish is small and oval; When the male fish reaches sexual maturity, there are rough horny processes on the fins at the edge of the pectoral fin. Idyllization? .
Koi fish is the largest producer in Japan, with the most mature breeding technology and equipment, and a large number of high-quality and pure koi fish, which are sought after by lovers all over the world. They go to the birthplace of koi fish every year? Looking for Ming carp in Hiroshima and Niigata, Japan. In recent years, Taiwan Province Province, Malaysian, Singaporean, Israeli, Chinese mainland and other emerging regions have sprung up, and the breeding level and product competitiveness are almost equal to those of Japan, which has strongly impacted the dominant market structure of Japan.
The ancestor of koi fish is our common edible carp. Carp originated in Central Asia and West Asia, and then spread to China, and from China to other countries.
Koi fish has a history of 1000 years in China, with more than 1000 species. There is little difference in body shape among koi fish varieties, which is mainly classified according to different body colors and shapes of spots. It has many colors, such as red, white, yellow, blue-purple, black gold, silver and so on, and the patches on its body are almost identical.
Carp can not only be used for ornamental purposes, but also be used as medicine to treat diseases, which has the effects of invigorating spleen and regulating stomach, inducing diuresis to reduce swelling, relieving cough and asthma and promoting hair growth. Meat can be used to treat portal cirrhosis, chronic nephritis, cough, asthma, puerperal hypogalactia, irregular menstruation or metrorrhagia. Blood can cure mouth and eye deviation; Bile can cure pinkeye and suppurative otitis media.