The more stories about Zhuge Liang's life (which can be used for argumentation), the better.

Zhuge Liang (A.D. 18 1-234) was named Kong Ming and Wolong. China was an outstanding politician, strategist, strategist, essayist and diplomat in the ancient Three Kingdoms period. History records that he is eight feet tall. It's about 1.84 meters today. Zhuge Liang (A.D. 18 1-234) was named Kong Ming and Wolong. China was an outstanding politician, strategist, strategist, essayist and diplomat in the ancient Three Kingdoms period. History records that he is eight feet tall. It's about 1.84 meters today. Zhuge Liang was born in the 4th year of Han Dynasty (A.D. 18 1), an official family in Yang Du (now yinan county, Shandong) of Langye County. Zhuge family is a noble family of Langxie, whose ancestor Zhuge Feng served as a captain of Li Si in the Western Han Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty. Zhuge Liang's father, Zhuge Jue, was named Simon and worked as a county magistrate in Taishan in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang's 3-year-old mother Zhang died of illness and her father died at the age of 8. He and his younger brother Zhuge Jun followed his uncle Zhuge Xuan, who was appointed as the magistrate of Zhang Yu by Yuan Shu, to Zhang Yu. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhuge Xuan was replaced by Zhu Hao, and Zhuge Xuan went to his old friend Jingzhou to shepherd Liu Biao. In the second year of Jian 'an (AD 197), Zhuge Xuan died of illness. Zhuge Liang and his sister-in-law lost their livelihood and moved to Nanyang. One said that people in Xiangyang, Hubei (now Xiangfan, Hubei) lived in seclusion in rural areas and worked as farmers. In the fourth year of Jian 'an (A.D. 199), Zhuge Liang and his friend Xu Shu studied under Mr. Si Mahui, a water mirror. In order to eliminate the historical controversy left by Zhuge Liang's seclusion, Gu Jiaping, a native of Xiangyang, Hubei Province, who was the magistrate in Nanyang, Henan Province in the Qing Dynasty, wrote: "Merit lies in the imperial court, regardless of the original owner; There is no need to divide Xiangyang Nanyang. " In the twelfth year of Jian 'an (AD 207), when Zhuge Liang was 27 years old, Liu Bei "visited the thatched cottage" and asked Zhuge Liang about his plan to unify the world. Zhuge Liang brilliantly analyzed the situation at that time, and put forward the strategic idea of seizing Jing and Yi as a base, reforming politics at home, uniting Sun Quan with foreign countries, helping Yi Yue in the south, invading the west and Zhu Rong in the west, and waiting for an opportunity to go north to unify the whole country. This speech is very famous. After listening to Zhuge Liang's incisive and thorough analysis, Liu Bei's thoughts were suddenly enlightened. He felt that Zhuge Liang's talents were rare, so he earnestly asked Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain and help him complete the great cause of reviving the Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang came out of the mountain to assist Liu Bei, joined forces with Sun to fight Cao, and Battle of Red Cliffs was defeated. Form the trend of the Three Kingdoms and seize Jingzhou. Jian 'an sixteen years, captured Yizhou. Then he defeated Cao Jun and won Hanzhong. In twenty-six years, Liu Bei established the Shu-Han regime in Chengdu, and Zhuge Liang was appointed as the prime minister to preside over state affairs. In the third year (AD 223), Liu Bei was critically ill, and later things were interdependent. Liu Chan, the ruler in the last years of Shu and Han Dynasties, succeeded to the throne, and Zhuge Liang was appointed as the marquis of Wuxiang, who led Yizhou as a shepherd. Diligent and prudent, big and small political affairs must be hands-on, strict rewards and punishments, good relations with all ethnic groups in southwest China, reclamation, and strengthening combat readiness. In the fifth year of lite (AD 227), Shang Shu (a model) was in Liu Chan and led the army out of Hanzhong. He made six northern expeditions to the Central Plains, mostly with grain. Twelve years later, due to overwork, he died in the former army and entrusted Jiang Wei with the funeral. For thousands of years, Zhuge Liang became the embodiment of wisdom, and his legendary story was told by the world. Zhuge Liang is ingenious, resourceful and thoughtful. "Liancrossbow" has been innovated, and it can continuously launch 10 arrows; Make "wooden cows and flowing horses" to facilitate military transportation in mountainous areas; He also derived Sun Tzu's Art of War and made an "eight-array map". Zhuge Liang's uncle Zhuge Xuan was a celebrity at that time. Zhuge Jinshi, Zhuge Liang's younger brother, was in Wu at that time, worshiping the general and guarding the left, and leading the Yuzhou animal husbandry. Zhuge Dan, Liang's younger brother, is an official in Wei and an official in the official department. He was transferred to Yangzhou Secretariat, Town East General and Sikong. All three brothers are famous, each in a country. At that time, I thought, "Shu is a dragon, Wu is a tiger, and Wei is a dog" ("Shi Shuo Xin Yu Pin Zao" notes that dogs are "meritorious dogs". Although they can't be compared with dragons and tigers, they are also very meritorious, so they are famous. Zhuge Liang's date of birth: Xin You, Bing Shen, Gui Chou and Ding Si divided the world into three parts (three visits to the cottage) (Longzhong). Three handfuls of fire burned Bowangpo, Xintian, Chibi and Fighter Grass Boat. Zhou Yu suggested that Feng Chu attack Hanzhong and seize Jingzhou. Yizhou (Xichuan), Liu Bei with his wife, cloth eight array (water eight array), Bai Di was ordered to go in and out of Nanding, barbarians, seven tackled, seven vertical, Meng Huo. The word Kongming, the word Wolong, was born in Yang Du (now yinan county, Shandong Province), Langye County, Xuzhou in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang was born in Han Guang and four years ago. In the fourth year of his birth, that is, the first year of Emperor Zhong Ping (AD 184), the Yellow Scarf Uprising broke out. The warlord regime, war, Zhuge Liang lost his parents, and uncle Zhuge Xuan lived alone. At the age of fifteen, Zhuge Liang followed his uncle to Xiangyang, Jingzhou and attached himself to Liu Biao. He saw that Liu Biao was incompetent and not the master of the world, so he lived in seclusion in Longzhongshan, twenty miles west of Xiangyang City, and built a house. This was in the year 197. Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong for ten years. He made friends with celebrities in the south of the Yangtze River, "comparing himself to Guan Zhonghe every time", and loved to sing Song of Fu Liang, and made friends with celebrities such as Pang Degong, Pang Tong, Huang, Cui and Xu Shu. His intelligence has been recognized by everyone, and he has the ambition to conquer the world. He pays close attention to the development of the current situation, so he knows the world situation like the back of his hand. Known as "Wolong". Marry Huang's daughter. In 207 AD, on the recommendation of Xu Shu, Liu Bei visited the Caotang, so please count Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang brilliantly analyzed the situation in the world and put forward that to unify the world, we must take the road of uniting with Cao Cao and Sun Tzu. This is the famous "Longzhong Dui". In 208 AD, Cao Cao conquered the south and defeated Liu Bei in Nagano. Zhuge Liang "was ordered by the defeated army and was ordered by danger" and sent messengers to Jiangdong to link Sun Quan. Zhuge Liang and Sun Quan negotiated the firm principle of Longzhong-China confrontation and concluded a bilateral alliance, not a subordinate relationship. Sun Quan realized that "unless he is Liu Yuzhou, he can't be Cao Cao", so he had to give in, agree to the three-point position and send his troops to refuse to practice. After Battle of Red Cliffs, Sun Quan fulfilled his promise and lent Jingzhou to Liu Bei. Assist Yizhou, so that Shu, Wei and Wu Cheng can gain a foothold. After Cao Pi replaced Han as emperor, Liu Bei also became emperor, Zhuge Liang became prime minister and premier, and Guan Yu guarded Jingzhou. In the spring of the third year of Zhangwu (223), Liu Bei was dying in Yong 'an, and called Zhuge Liang to take care of the affairs, saying, "You are ten times as good as Cao Pi, and you will be able to settle down in the world and achieve great things in the end. If the heir can be assisted, he will be assisted; If it is incompetent, you can replace it. " Zhuge Liang immediately cried, "I will try my best to complement each other until I die!" " After the emperor ascended the throne, Zhuge Liang was appointed as the marquis of Wuxiang, and set up a prime minister's office to handle daily affairs, and also served as Yizhou shepherd. At that time, the military, political and financial affairs of the whole country, big or small, were decided by Zhuge Liang. After Zhuge Liang came to power, the first important thing he did was to resume diplomatic relations with Soochow. After Liu Bei's death, Soochow continued to be a vassal of Wei, but on the other hand, it has not made up its mind how to deal with Shu, and it is still at the border of Shu. Zhuge Liang sent Deng Zhi, a minister, to persuade Sun Quan to unite with Shu and sever relations with Wei. At that time, during Liu Bei's crusade, the counties in South China rebelled under the instigation of Wu Dong, which seriously threatened the backyard of Shu Han. After Zhuge Liang came to power, he resumed diplomatic relations with Soochow and cut off foreign aid to South China. After two years of aftercare, Zhuge Liang wrote to his late master, determined to quell the rebellion in southern China. In the spring of the third year of Jianxing (225), Zhuge Liang led an army to conquer Nanzhong in three ways. In this war, Zhuge Liang used offensive tactics against Meng Huo, the rebel leader, which completely convinced him. After the war of counter-insurgency, Zhuge Liang divided the four counties in the south into six counties by learning from the experience of "vassal States building their own armies". Jianning county, the center of the rebel army, was divided into the smallest county, and a large number of local officials were used to achieve the goal of not losing troops and transporting grain and grass, but also managing the local area. More than 10,000 families of "Qing Qiang" in South China were recruited into Shu, and five cavalry units were formed with their youth and strength, which were called "flying troops": the commander-in-chief was set up to take charge of the military and political affairs in South China. In December of that year, Zhuge Liang led the army back to Chengdu. In March of the fifth year of Wen (227), Zhuge Liang took the model to see his ancestors and led his army to Hanzhong to prepare for the Northern Expedition. He first trained in Hanzhong for about a year, and then attacked the north. Wei Nan 'an (Longxi, Gansu), Tianshui and Anding (Jichuan, Gansu) immediately fell to Shu. Wei Mingdi went to Chang 'an to supervise the war, while Cao Zhen supervised the right army, and adopted the strategy of giving priority to defense. At first, the Shu army took Gu Jielu as a threat to capture the county seat, so that Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi led the troops (now northwest of Shaanxi Baocheng) as suspected troops, and Zhuge Liang led the troops to attack Qishan in the west. Ma Su, who joined the army, led an army as a pioneer and was stationed in the street pavilion. Ma Su was bad, lost to Wei Jun and lost to the street kiosks. The Shu army lost its stronghold and had to return to Hanzhong (there was no "empty city plan" to retreat Sima Yijun in official history). Zhuge Liang beheaded Ma Su with tears in his eyes, wrote to himself three times, and became prime minister as a right general. In the winter of 228, in the sixth year of Jianxing, Wei Jun attacked Wu in the third way, and Guanzhong was empty. Zhuge Liang led the army to the Northern Expedition again. The Shu army went through the big three passes this time, besieged Chencang for more than 20 days, and all the food was gone. In the seventh year of Jianxing (229), Zhuge Liang led the army to the third Northern Expedition. The Shu army marched westward, occupied Weiwudu and Yin Ping counties, and then returned. Zhuge Liang was reinstated as prime minister. During this period, the contradiction between Zhuge Liang and Li Yan became the focus of attention. It turned out that the two of them were entrusted by Liu Bei to raise orphans and serve as auxiliary ministers. Until lite four years (226), the relationship between them was relatively good. Zhuge Liang also praised Li Yan in his letter to Mengda. But soon, Li Yan wrote to Zhuge Liang, suggesting that he use the power of state affairs to become a king like Cao Cao and accept the "Nine Tin", so that he can also get some benefits. Zhuge Liang was very angry about this and severely criticized Li Yan in his reply. Soon, before Zhuge Liang prepared to attack Wei, he asked Li Yan to guard Hanzhong with his 20 thousand army. Li Yan bargained for Zhuge Liang to draw five counties from the eastern part of Yizhou to set up Jiangzhou, and let him be the secretariat of Jiangzhou, but the transfer failed. Zhuge Liang put the overall situation first and compromised; In the seventh year of lite, before Kyle went to Wu Dong, he specifically asked Zhuge Liang to report Li Yan's clever deception, especially about some misdeeds of Li Yan when he was an official in his hometown in his early years, but it did not attract enough attention from Zhuge Liang. In the eighth year of Jianxing (230), he wanted to attack Shu in three ways. Zhuge Liang once again asked Li Yan to take 20 thousand troops to Hanzhong, and Li Yan bargained again. Zhuge Liang immediately gave in and appointed his son as the governor of Jiangzhou, and took over the work after Li Yan was transferred. Li Yan carried out the transfer order. In the ninth year of Jianxing (23 1), Zhuge Liang attacked Wei for the fourth time and put Li Yan in charge of logistics supply in Hanzhong. Li Yan failed to raise food and grass in time, so he wrote to Zhuge Liang that the emperor ordered the retreat. After Zhuge Liang withdrew his troops, he lied to the court that withdrawing troops was to lure the enemy. When Zhuge Liang came back, he pretended to be surprised and asked, "Is there enough rations? Why did you suddenly retreat? " So Zhuge Liang took out Li Yan's letters as evidence in court, signed them with many soldiers, impeached Li Yan, transferred him from Shu Ren and exiled him to Zitong. In February (234), the 12th year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang made the fifth northern expedition and led a large army out of the oblique valley, according to Wuzhangyuan (now 40 miles south of Qishan County, Shaanxi Province). This time, I made an appointment to attack Wei at the same time. However, Wu Dong has been slow to send troops. Until May, Sun sent Lu Xun to camp in Jiangxia and Miankou (now Hanzhen, Hubei) and attacked Xiangyang, while Sun Quan himself led the army to encircle the new town. In this regard, Wei Mingdi's strategy is to defeat Wu Dong first. He personally led the water army eastward, made Sima Yi, who was guarding the west, insist on not fighting and let the Shu army retreat. However, when Sun Quan learned of Wei Zhu's intention, he thought that his side had become the main battlefield and suffered losses, that is, he ordered all the troops to withdraw. On the western front. In view of the lessons from the past, Zhuge Liang divided his troops and settled in the field, intending to be stationed for a long time. In August of this year, Zhuge Liang suddenly fell ill and died at the front, at the age of 54. The Shu army retreated across the board. Zhuge Liang left a will before his death: "If you are buried in Dingjun Mountain in Hanzhong, just dig a grave on the hillside and the coffin can be placed in the grave. Wear ordinary clothes and don't bury objects. " The path Zhuge Liang chose fully shows that he is an orthodox thinker who upholds feudal laws and advocates Confucian loyalty and morality. However, Zhuge Liang did not stick to Confucian dogma. He respects the king, but does not harass foreigners. He made a southern tour to appease foreigners and implemented the best ethnic policy among the three countries. Zhuge Liang fought to the last breath of his life with the spirit of "doing his best and dying". Zhuge Liang's book contains 24 catalogues of Zhuge Liang's books in The History of the Three Kingdoms, with the word 104 1 12. Zhuge Zhongwu Hou Ji compiled by Zhang Shu in Qing Dynasty is relatively complete.