In ancient times, what positions did 1234567 officials correspond to today?

Level 1: Chairman Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, Vice Chairman People's Republic of China (PRC), Chairman of NPC Standing Committee, Premier the State Council, Chairman People's Republic of China (PRC), Chairman of People's Political Consultative Conference of chairman of the Central Military Commission and China.

Level II: Member the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, Secretariat Secretary, NPC Executive Vice Chairman, Vice Premier the State Council, State Councilor, Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission, and Vice Chairman of the People's Republic of China (PRC) CPPCC.

President of the Supreme Court and Procurator-General of the Supreme Procuratorate

Level 3: Party Secretary of various ministries and commissions in the State Council, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, Governor of the Provincial People's Congress, Chairman of the Provincial Political Consultative Conference, Vice President of the Supreme Court, Deputy Secretary of the Supreme Procuratorate, and Deputy Procurator-General of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.

Four levels: deputy ministerial level, deputy ministerial level, vice president of the Supreme Court, deputy ministerial level, deputy procurator-general of the Supreme Procuratorate, president of the Provincial High Court, and procurator-general of the Provincial Procuratorate.

Level 5: Director, Director and Inspector of Mayor of Prefecture-level City.

Grade 6: Assistant inspector at deputy department level and municipal level.

Grade seven: director, city director and county magistrate researcher.

Grade 8: assistant researcher at deputy division level and deputy county level.

Grade 9: section chief, city director, county director, township director and section chief.

Level 10: deputy section chief, section chief, assistant to deputy director of township.

1 1 level: civil servants below the county level.

/kloc-level 0/2: staff and other personnel

The administrative level corresponding to the highest executive head: the governors of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government are at the provincial level (ministerial level or provincial corps level); The mayor of a deputy provincial city is the deputy provincial level (deputy ministerial level); Generally speaking, the highest administrative head of a prefecture-level administrative region is the prefecture-level administrative level (prefecture level, or prefecture level); The chief executive of a county-level administrative region is at the county level (or at the county regiment level), but the districts and counties of municipalities directly under the Central Government enjoy the treatment of prefecture-level cities (except some counties in Chongqing); The highest chief executive at the township level of grass-roots political power is at the department level, and the towns and villages of municipalities directly under the Central Government enjoy the treatment at the department level, and the others correspond in turn.

Therefore, in fact, there are eight administrative levels for administrative regions and officials in China, namely, provincial (ministerial) level, deputy provincial and ministerial level, prefecture level, deputy prefecture level, county level, deputy county level, division level and deputy division level.

Comparison of official positions in Qing dynasty

(1), clear the overall situation.

The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty in the history of China, and it was an emperor with various powers. Summarizing the experience of various dynasties in history, in order to strengthen centralization, weaken and divide the rights of ministers and prevent the usurpation of power, a set of official system different from previous dynasties was established.

(2) The Cabinet is equivalent to the leading group of the State Council: in order to further centralize power, there was no prime minister, the Ministry of Housing and other institutions in the Ming Dynasty, and the rights of the prime minister were transferred to the Cabinet, which handled state affairs. The Qing dynasty inherited this practice. The records of the university students and co-organizers in the cabinet are both called nave, which is another name for the prime minister, but the real power is in the hands of the military department. Officials working in military departments are called military ministers, collectively referred to as military aircraft, and the subordinates of military ministers are called military aircraft Zhang Jing, also known as small military aircraft. These prime ministers are equivalent to the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau.

(3) Central administrative organs:

Following the tradition of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty set up six departments (officials, households, ceremonies, soldiers, criminals and workers), and the heads of each department (university students, ministers, assistant ministers, etc.). ) is called the hall officer. Because there are fewer departments, these officials are equivalent to deputy prime ministers and ministers who focus on a certain line. Practitioners, foreign ministers, principals, and seven small Beijing officials who are in charge of various departments below the Ministry are called department officials.

In addition to the six departments, the central administrative institutions established side by side with the six departments are: Dali Temple, Taichang Temple, Guanglu Temple, Taibu Temple, Split Temple, imperial academy, Qin, Hanlin Academy, Tai Hospital, Lifan Academy, Zongren House, Zhanshi House and Interior House. It is equivalent to a public institution directly under the central government.

(4) Military system:

The Qing army is mainly divided into two systems: the Eight Banners and green camp. The Eight Banners are divided into Beijing Camp and Garrison Camp. In the Beijing camp, the emperor's bodyguard is called the pro-army Beijing garrison, and the bodyguard department (the bodyguard department) leads the division of labor between the ministers and the commanders, all of whom command the commanders to clear the door, and the emperor travels with the Central Guard Corps, which is particularly important. Others guarding the capital are Xiao Qi Battalion, Pioneer Battalion, Escort Battalion, Infantry Battalion, Jianrui Battalion, Fireware Battalion, Jishen Battalion, Tiger Gun Battalion and Shanjiu Battalion. Xiaoqiying is directly under the jurisdiction of the Eight Banners; Pioneer battalion, guard battalion and infantry battalion are all under the jurisdiction; Jianrui Battalion, Firearms Battalion and Jishen Battalion are all special forces under the jurisdiction of the President or the Minister of Management. Tiger gun camp is a full-time retinue, hunting and so on. Under the jurisdiction of the president; A good wrestling camp specializes in wrestling.

The Eight Banners Military Region stationed in the garrison is stationed in various important places in the country, with officers such as generals, commanders-in-chief, deputy commanders, city guards and garrison commanders as appropriate. Mainland generals and others only care about the military, and generals stationed in the frontier also care about civil affairs. The general of the Qing dynasty was the title of full official, and the prince was appointed as the general in wartime.

Green camp, a soldier of the Han nationality, is stationed in the capital, called Patrol Camp, and belongs to the infantry. The organizational system of green camp is divided into several levels: bidding, cooperation, operation and flood season. The bid is divided into bid, bid, bid, town bid, military bid, river bid and tank bid, and is commanded by the governor, the governor, the prefect, the company commander, the Eight Banners garrison general, the river governor and the governor of grain transportation. Supervisor: Fu Biao, Military Standard, Hebi Standard, Cao Biao. Green camp's independent organizations in the provinces are actually bidding wars and town bidding wars, and the prefect is actually the highest military attache in a province, with a slightly lower company commander. Below the company commander, the lieutenant belongs to the association, the generals, guerrillas, commanders and garrison belong to the battalion, and the company commander, commander and contractor belong to the flood season.

(5) Audit institutions:

Following the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty established the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Communist Party of China, with Shi Yu and Shi Yu as chief inspectors, Shi Yu and Shi Yu as governors.

(6) local administration:

Following the Ming system, the Qing dynasty was roughly divided into three levels: province, state and county. The governor and the governor are senior local officials who have the power of administration, military and supervision, and they are regional secretaries and provincial party committee secretaries, while the political envoys and political and legal committee secretaries are subordinate officials of the governor and the governor. Along with the governor, there are garrison generals, commanders of provincial military regions, and magistrates who study politics, but the garrison generals only care about the Eight Banners. The prefect only cares about the school and the imperial examination, and his power cannot be compared with that of the prefect and the magistrate. There are prefectural committees below the provincial level, which are in the nature of prison areas and are not considered as formal administrative regions. There are mainly two kinds of roads, guard road and patrol road, which are also prepared by soldiers, and some roads that do not belong to the second division of deployment and inspection, such as Customs Road, River Management Road, Grain Supervision Road and Salt Law Road. Below the province is the government, with officials such as the secretary of the municipal party Committee, tongzhi and tongzhi, and parallel to the government is the Zhili hall, with tongzhi and tongzhi. There are counties under the government, including county party secretary, county magistrate, chief bookkeeper and other officials. Parallel to the county seat, there are scattered halls, the same as Zhili Hall. In ethnic minority areas, there are specialized institutions, namely Tusi, which are generally divided into two types: one is subordinate to military departments, such as propaganda and comfort stations, appeasement stations, and conscription litigation stations. And the chief is the ambassador of propaganda and comfort. ; The other is under the jurisdiction of the administrative department, and there are also districts and counties. Officially called local prefectures and counties, they are usually led by ethnic minority leaders.

8. The official system of the Qing Dynasty

Officials of the Qing Dynasty were divided into "Nine Grades and Eighteen Grades", each of which was different. Those who are not within the eighteenth grade are called unworthy and attached to the ninth grade.

Zhengyipin: the steamer

Civilian Beijing official: a surname, a teacher, a Taibao, an honorary post, equivalent to the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of Diange University such as the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Civilian diplomatic officer: none.

Wu Zhi Jing Guan: Minister of Security, Commander of Beijing Military Region, Minister of Etiquette and Health, Director of Central Organ Affairs Bureau, Director of Security.

Diplomat Wu Zhi: No.

From the first grade: the national grade is reduced.

Civil officials: Shao Shi, Shaofu, Shaobao, Prince Taishi, Prince Taifu and Prince Taibao, honorary official positions, equivalent to deputies to the National People's Congress and CPPCC.

Co-organizers: Member of the Political Bureau of the University, Vice Premier and Ministers of Ministries and Institutes, Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Governor of Ducha Institute, and Chief Inspector.

Civilian diplomatic officer: none.

Wu Zhi Jing Guan: Beijing Garrison Commander, Commander of the 5th Battalion of Jiumenbu Army, Director of Beijing Public Security Bureau and Minister of Interior.

Wu Zhi Foreign Officials: Commander of the General Eight Banners Army Military Region, Commander of the Eight Banners Army Capital and the Capital Military Region, and Commander of the Prefect green camp Military Region.

Positive second product: sub-national level

Official Beijing Official: Prince Shao Shi, Prince Shaofu and Prince Shaobao are honorary titles, equivalent to Chairman of the Federation of Trade Unions, State Councilor, Assistant to Ministers of Ministries and Institutes, and Director of the Central Office of the General Manager of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Civilian diplomats: regional secretaries of provincial governors, such as the former Northeast Bureau and North China Bureau.

Wuzhi Jingguan: The left and right forward battalions command the commander of the Central Guard Corps, the commander of the Eight Banners Guard Corps and the Central Guard of Honor.

Wu Zhi Foreign Officer: Deputy Commander-in-Chief, Commander of green camp Army.

From the second product: ministerial level

Civilian kyou-kan: State Councilor with bachelor's degree in Cabinet, President of Academy of Social Sciences with bachelor's degree in Imperial Academy?

Civilian foreign officials: governor, secretary of the provincial party Committee and minister of foreign affairs.

Wu Zhi Jing Guan: Minister of Scattered Ranks.

Wu Zhi Diplomatic Officer: Lieutenant General.

Positive three products: deputy ministerial level

Civilian Beijing officials: Deputy Secretary of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC Central Committee, left and right inspectors of the inspector group, Zong Renfu, director of the Letters and Calls Office of the General Political Department, Zhan Shi, Zhan Shifu and Taichang Temple, presidents of the Supreme Court of Dali Temple.

Civilian foreign officials: mayor of Beijing Shuntianfu magistrate, mayor of Fengtianfu municipality directly under the Central Government, provincial judge and secretary of the Provincial Discipline Inspection Commission.

Wu Zhi Jing Guan: First-class bodyguard, wingman of Firearms Battalion, wingman of Jianrui Battalion, pioneer captain, escort captain, captain, and military commander Shi.

Foreign officials of Wu Zhi: city guards, generals and commanders.

From the third category: deputy ministerial level reduction

Civilian Beijing official: Secretary of Guanglu Temple and Secretary of Taibu Temple.

Civilian diplomats: all transferred to salt ambassadors.

Wu Zhi's contemplation: Wang Fu's Royal Guards, Royal Guards and First-class Royal Guards.

Foreign officials of Wuzhi: guerrilla, five banners participating, combining, advocating, commanding and knowing.

Positive four products: departmental plus

Civilian Beijing Official: Deputy Director of the General Political Department, Deputy Director of the Central Letters and Calls Office, Vice President of the Supreme Court of Shao Qing in Dali Temple, Shao Shi of the Exhibition Hall, Shao Qing of Taichang Temple, Shao Qing of Taipu Temple, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Honglin Temple, and Minister in charge of the Sixth Division of Inspections.

Foreign officials in Beijing: Shun Tianfu Cheng, deputy mayor of Beijing, deputy mayor of Fengtianfu Cheng municipality directly under the central government, and secretary of provincial governors.

Wu Zhi Jing Guan: Second-class bodyguard, cloud ambassador, deputy bodyguard, deputy striker, deputy Xiao Qi, manager of Taibu Temple Camel Factory, master of ceremonies of Belle Palace, and pro-guard.

Foreign officials in the military service: national defense commander, deputy commander, commander, commander and messenger.

From four products: department level

Official Beijing Official: Bachelor of The Cabinetshi Read, Bachelor of Hanlin, Bachelor of Hanlin's Lecturing, President of the Central Party School of imperial academy Province.

Civilian Foreign Officials: Secretary of Zhifu Municipal Party Committee, Secretary of Tuzhifu Autonomous City Municipal Party Committee, and Secretary of Salt Transport Department Yuntong.

Wu Zhi Jing Guan: Cheng Men Ling, Tu Fu Wei Zhong Lang General, Tu Fu Zhong Lang General Ling, Tu Fu Wei Zhong Lang General, four-grade ritual vessels, and two-class guards.

Wu Zhi's overseas official: Ambassador Fu Xuan and Deputy Ambassador of Ambassador Xuanwei.

Positive five products: department reduction

Civil officials: concubines of Zuo Chunfang, General Political Department, Shao Qing of Guanglu Temple, directors of Zhang Guizhi and Zongren House, directors of various departments, and dean of Taiyuan Hospital.

Civil servants: tongzhi, tongzhi and well-known.

Wu Zhi Jing Guan: Third-class bodyguard, Zhi Yizheng, deputy commander of the army deployment in the army deployment officer school, trusted officer in the army supervision, and assistant in charge of the leadership.

Foreign officials in Wuzhi: guard the customs, guard, guard, preach, comfort the ministers and preach, so that the ministers can know their colleagues and thousands of families.

From five categories: above the deputy department level

Beijing's civil servants: reading assistants, lecture assistants, Shao Qing of crack hon temple, horse washing station of economics department, deputy director of Zongren House, envoys of ministries and foreign ministers.

Civilian foreign officials: secretaries of prefectures and counties directly under prefectures, deputy envoys of the Salt Transportation Department, and salt promotion department.

Wuzhi Jingguan: four-level guards, pioneers outside the customs, guards outside the customs, shotguns outside the customs, guards outside the customs, guards in Xiawu Banner, five-level etiquette, Zhang Jing, and three-level guards.

Wu Zhi's foreign officials: Ganzong, chief garrison officer, He Ying, deputy garrison officer, appeasement envoy, solicitation envoy, propaganda envoy, deputy envoy and deputy thousand households.

Positive six products: the deputy department level has decreased.

Civil servants: Zuo Youchun Fang Zhongyun, Secretary imperial academy, Director, Director, General Affairs and Experience of Ducha Hospital, Dali Temple, Zongrenfu Temple, Taichang Temple, Manhan Temple, Qin Jian, Qin Wugan in Han Dynasty, Spring and Summer, Autumn and Winter, Director of Divine Music Department, Monk Recording Department, Good deeds on the left, and Taoist Recording Department, justice on the left.

Civil servants and foreign officials: Judge Jing Fu, Judge Jing County, Judge Tong and Judge Tu.

Wu Zhi kyou-kan: Lanling Guards, Commander, Pro-Military Academy, Forward Military Academy, Guards Academy, Birthgun Guards Academy, Xiaoqi Military Academy, and military academies with appointment procedures.

Foreign officials stationed in Wuzhi: General Men Qianzong, General Ying Qianzong, Secretary, Secretary Tongzhi, Deputy Procurator-General, Chief Minister, Chief Executive and Hundreds of Households.

From six products: county-level plus

Civil servants: the left and right sides praised the goodness, compiled by Hanlin Academy, the Guanglu Temple Department was correct, Qin Manmeng's facial features were correct, Han Jun Zheng, and the voice department was correct, the monk and Taoist record department explained and taught, and the Taoist record department performed.

Civil servants and foreign officials: Chief Secretary's experience, reasoning, approval, Zhili, Tongzhou and Tuzhoutong.

Six-product Lan Lingchang and six-product ritual vessels of the Interior Office.

Foreign official of Wu Zhi: Qian Wei, general manager, deputy ambassador of Anfu Ambassador Department.

Positive seven products: county level

Civil officials: Editor of Hanlin Academy, left and right judges of Dali Temple, Dr. Taichang Temple, imperial academy, Cabinet Classics, General Political Department Experience, Governor, Taichang Temple Classics, Taibu Temple Master Book, Ministry Temple Treasurer, Deputy Commander of Armed Forces Department, Manchu reading Taichang Temple Zhu Guan, Lang and Manchu singing praises of Honglin Temple.

Civilian foreign officials: Cheng, deputy magistrate of Duxian County, Jing County, Professor Shuntianfu Manchuria, discipline inspection and supervision officer, secretary of the county party committee of a county, experience and professor of the Ministry of Supervision.

Wu Zhi Jing Guan: the history of the city gate, deputy head of Taipusi Horse Factory.

Wu zhi's overseas officials: general manager, vice minister of peace and security, and vice minister of long-term litigation department.

From seven products: deputy division level

Civil officials: imperial academy's review, observing the experience of defending Taoism, the book of the Chinese Book Division, the book of the Cabinet, the master book of Zhan Shifu, the official of Guanglu Temple, the official of Dian Bo, Dr. imperial academy, the teaching assistant, Qin Lingtai Lang, the official of sacrifice, and the official of harmony.

Officials outside Beijing: Beijing government experience, Chief Secretary experience, Salt Transportation Department experience, Zhili state judgment, Guangzhou judgment and Tuzhou judgment.

Wu Zhi kyou-kan: seven ritual vessels.

Foreign official Wu Zhi: Deputy Commandant of Shengjing Nomadic.

Positive eight products: department level

Civil officials: Siwu, Dr. imperial academy's Five Classics, Chief Physician Qin, Imperial Physician of Taichang Temple, Xie Lvlang of Taichang Temple, and four monks Lu lectured about the scriptures, and the temple taught about the spirit.

Civilian foreign officials: Ambassador of Finance Minister, Ambassador of Salt Transportation Treasurer, Ambassador of Salt Road Treasurer, Ambassador of Salt Division, Ambassador of Salt Inspection Institute, Governor of Inspection Division, Government Experience, Xian Cheng, Shi Xiancheng, Lv Xue, Shi Si, Zheng Xue, Oracle Bone Inscriptions.

Wu Zhi kyou-kan:

Wu Zhi Diplomatic Officer: Commissioner Qian.

From eight products: rice

Civil servants: imperial academy Dian, imperial academy Dian, Cleavage Master, Qin, Sacrifice Division, Divine Music Division, Monk Records Division Zuo Youjue Yi, Taoist Records Division Zuo Youzhi Yi.

Civil servants: Chief Secretary Zhao Mo, Governor of Salt Transportation Department, Ji.

Wu Zhi Jing Guan: Eight Gifts, Pro-Military Academy, Forward School, Military Academy and Xiaoqi School.

Diplomat Wu Zhi: No.

Authentic: inventory level

Civil officials: the fourth translation assistant of the Ministry of Rites, Qin Tianjian, the treasurer, and Han Li Zanlang of Taichang Temple.

Civil officials and foreign officials: according to the procuratorate, the governor of the government, the governor of the same knowledge, the governor of the judge, and the princess.

Wu Zhi Jing Guan: the commander of Lanling in each battalion.

Wu Zhi Diplomatic Officer: General Manager of Foreign Affairs Committee

From the ninth grade: deputy stock level

Civil officials: imperial academy, Manchu Confucius, four translators of the Ministry of Rites, official preface class, imperial academy Classic, Cracked Temple Han, preface class, secretary of the Ministry of Punishment, Qin, doctor, imperial court official, Taichang Temple and secretary of the Ministry of Industry.

Civilian foreign officials; The government shines, the state official, the Taoist ambassador, the propaganda department ambassador, the government tax secretary ambassador,

Warden, warehouse ambassador, inspector and soil inspector.

Wu Zhigong: Assistant Director of Taibus Temple Horse Factory Committee.

Wu Zhi Diplomatic Officer: Extra commission.

Dirty: ordinary clerk

Beijing civil servants: Confucius of the Imperial Academy, treasurer of Ducha Academy, ambassador of the Bureau of Casting and Printing of the Ministry of Rites, and military commander.

Deputy Minister Chongwenmen

Non-governmental foreign officials: historical envoys, local historical envoys, customs envoys, government prosecutors, chief litigators, and tea inspectors.

Salt tea ambassador, Cheng, Hepo court official, Zhuo official, Daoxian warehouse ambassador.

Wu Zhi kyou-guan: No.

Foreign officials of Wu Zhi: Bai Chang, Tu Youyou, Mutu.