How the weather forecast is made
The first step is to collect raw materials. There are two main types of raw materials, one is actual monitoring data, and the other is numerical prediction products. The actual monitoring data comes from various monitoring equipment and means such as high-altitude and ground observations, satellite cloud images, weather radar echoes, and lightning positioning across the country and even around the world. Understanding the current actual conditions of the atmosphere through various monitoring data is the prerequisite for making weather forecasts. Therefore, forecasters can know the location and intensity of cold and warm air and the weather they produce, such as whether there is precipitation, temperature, wind direction and speed, etc. Experienced Forecasters can predict future weather from live weather. Numerical forecasting products are derived from numerical models. They are quantitative and objective forecasts for a period of time in the future made by large computers through numerical calculations and solving the fluid mechanics and thermodynamics equations that describe the weather evolution process. The numerical model gives various states of future atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind, humidity, etc. Only by mastering the future state of atmospheric motion can we predict future weather changes. The second step is to analyze the raw materials and make a weather forecast. Forecasters use various principles such as synoptics, dynamics, and thermodynamics to conduct comprehensive analysis of live data and numerical forecast products to make weather forecasts within the next three or seven days. Of course, for the same meteorological data, different forecasters will give different forecast conclusions. Therefore, consultation and discussion are required before finally giving a weather forecast conclusion for the day. The third step is to release forecast products. After the forecaster has completed the weather forecast conclusion, it can be released to the outside world.
(Zong He)