How to store Chinese cabbage in winter
First, preparation before storage
Chinese cabbage stored in winter should choose middle-late maturity varieties with green leaves, low water content and long growth period, and be harvested in time before and after light snow. Mechanical damage should be avoided as much as possible when harvesting, and diseased plants, unpacked plants and wrapped plants should be removed. In the absence of strong cold current, it can be dried in the shade for 5-7 days to cool down the vegetable plants and evaporate water vapor to avoid falling edges and rotting pits in the early stage.
Second, storage
According to the different storage capacity of Chinese cabbage, the following methods can be selected:
1. Narrow trench burying method: This method has less storage loss, but it needs more manpower to dig trenches. Before harvesting, dig cabbage in a convenient place with a depth of 40-50 cm? Ditches 4-5 cm deeper than Chinese cabbage and 1 m wide are graded after harvest. Remove the remaining leaves. When the temperature drops to about 0℃, the roots of vegetables are closely arranged in the ditch downward, with the heads of vegetables at the top flush and the last one facing upward. It is covered with 2-3 cm of fine soil. When the temperature drops in the future, before the arrival of each strong cold current, it should be covered with slightly frozen fine soil, and the thickness of the last covering soil is 30-40 cm.
2. Temporary cellar storage: This method is easy to control the storage conditions and easy to carry. The method is to make a living cellar with underground depth of 1- 1.2m, height and width of 2.3m, and the top of the cellar is covered with corn straw and covered with soil of 15-20cm, which is practical. Leave about 0.2m ventilation holes in the middle of the cellar top every 3m, and set the cellar door in the south. Chinese cabbage goes into the cellar when it is cold at night. Double rows and one stack, 6-7 floors in total. In the early days of into the pit, potholes and ventilation holes were opened all day, and vegetables were watered once after 10- 15 days, and then the ventilation holes were gradually closed with the decrease of temperature, and the ventilation holes were opened at noon on sunny days.
3, indoor storage: this method is used for a small amount of storage, and it is more convenient to carry around. After harvesting Chinese cabbage, dry it for a few days to remove water. When the temperature drops to about-3℃, move the Chinese cabbage to a place with lower indoor temperature and freeze it at the same time. The stacking method can be double-row vertical stacking, and every two layers are separated by sorghum stalks. If any abnormality is found during storage and use, it should be piled up in time to remove rotten leaves.
Third, the management of Chinese cabbage after storage
After Chinese cabbage enters the cellar, with the change of outside temperature, the temperature in the cellar also changes correspondingly, and the breathing intensity of Chinese cabbage is also changing constantly. Therefore, it is necessary to properly ventilate, turn over, process, rot and damage. According to storage habits, it can be divided into three management stages:
1. Pre-management: "beginning of winter" to "Heavy Snow" is the pre-storage period. To keep the temperature in the cellar at about 0℃, we should make full use of night ventilation to cool down. Generally, ventilation starts at 6-7 am and lasts until the afternoon 12. If the temperature in the cellar is very high, you can open the skylight all night to breathe fresh air. At the same time, you should pour vegetables frequently, usually three times at the beginning, and you can take the method of picking quickly or less. Wear gloves when pouring vegetables to reduce the influence of human body temperature on vegetables. It is best to use a bamboo knife instead of iron when removing rotten leaves.
2. Mid-term management: "Heavy snow" to "beginning of spring" is the coldest season. General 15-30 days. According to the temperature of the mine, frequent ventilation and short-term ventilation are adopted. During the day, the outdoor air in the cellar is usually opened around 10 in the morning, and the window can be closed at 4-5 pm, based on the principle that the cabbage in the cellar is not frozen. Exhaust odor through skylight and air hole.
3. Post-management: After "beginning of spring", we should pay attention to heatstroke prevention and antifreeze. More ventilation is needed at night and in the morning and evening. Sunlight should be avoided in the skylight to prevent the temperature of the cellar from rising due to sunlight, and ventilation should be provided when the temperature is high at noon to prevent hot air from flowing into the cellar. In addition, we should always pay attention to picking out rotten leaves.