The eight wonders of the world
from 64 to 562 BC
Location: 56 miles south of Baghdad
It was built by King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon as his favorite queen. The queen is Persian, and Nebuchadnezzar II built this fantastic tall building for her so that she could often visit her hometown. The hanging garden is covered with many exotic flowers and grasses and has a complete water supply system. The ancient Greeks who saw it at that time called it a miracle of the world.
[ Edit this paragraph ]2. Alexandria Lighthouse
There are two of the seven ancient wonders recognized by the world in Egypt, one is the Pyramid of Giza, which ranks first among the seven wonders, and the other is The Lighthouse of Alexandria, which ranks seventh. It was built purely for people's real life, without any religious color. The candlelight of Alexandria lighthouse shone on the whole Alexandria at night, protecting the ships at sea. In addition, it was the tallest building in the world at that time. The site of Alexandria Lighthouse is on Faross Island near Alexandria. In 33 BC, Alexander the Great, the mighty Macedonian king, captured Egypt and established a city named after him at the northwest end of the Nile Delta, the southern bank of the Mediterranean. This is a city with a very important strategic position. In the next 1 years, it has become the capital of Egypt, one of the most prosperous cities in the world, and the largest and most important international transshipment port in the whole Mediterranean world and the Middle East.
the appearance of Alexandria lighthouse (The Lighthouse of Alexandria) is 12 meters high, and with the tower foundation, the whole height is about 135 meters. The tower consists of three floors: the first floor is a square structure, 6 meters high, with more than 3 rooms of different sizes, which are used as fuel storage, computer room and staff dormitory; The second floor is octagonal structure, 15 meters high; The third floor is a circular structure, which is surrounded by eight stone pillars with a height of 8 meters. Above the lamp house, there stands a bronze statue of Helius, the 8-meter-high sun god. The whole lighthouse is made of granite and copper, and the fuel of the lamp is olive oil and wood. The entire lighthouse covers an area of about 93 square meters. Smart designers also use the principle of reflection, using mirrors to reflect lights to the farther sea. This unparalleled lighthouse, brightly lit every night, guides the ships entering the port conscientiously, which brings a sense of security to the helmsman.
The history of Alexandria Lighthouse One night in the autumn of 28 BC, when the moon was dark and the wind was high, an Egyptian royal hi-boat ran into the harbor of Alexandria and sank, and all her relatives and brides from Europe were buried in the belly of the fish. This tragedy shocked Egypt's ruling and opposition parties. King Ptolemy II of Egypt ordered the construction of a navigation lighthouse at the entrance of the largest port. After 4 years' efforts, a magnificent lighthouse has been erected at the eastern end of Faross Island. It stands on a rocky reef 7 meters away from the island shore, and people call it "Alexander Faroes Lighthouse".
When the Alexandria Lighthouse was completed, it became the tallest building in the world at that time with a height of 4 feet. His designer is Greek architect Sotheby's Chatus. For 15 years, the Alexandria lighthouse has been guiding sailors to the harbor in the dark. An Arab traveler recorded in his notes: "The lighthouse is built on three steps. At its top, a mirror reflects sunlight during the day and guides ships with fire at night."
in the 14th century, a rare earthquake occurred in Alexandria, and the shaking earth destroyed the architectural miracle of this ancient world with great power. The loyal guardian of Alexandria, the crown of Alexandria disappeared like this. Another century passed, in order to resist foreign aggression and defend Egypt and its coastline, King Mamluk of Egypt ordered the construction of a castle on the original site of the lighthouse and named it after himself. After the independence of Egypt, the castle was transformed into the Naval Museum. In November 1996, a group of divers found what is said to be the remains of the lighthouse of Alexandria in the depths of the Mediterranean Sea.
[ Edit this paragraph ]3. The statue of the giant in Port Rhodes
Construction time: late 4th century BC, or early 2nd century
Construction location: Aegean Sea, Port Rhodes, Greece
Rhode Island in BC is an important business center, which is located at the junction of the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. Port Rhodes was completed in 48 BC. Historically, Rhode Island has been ruled by many spheres of influence, including Mo Solas (whose tomb is also one of the Seven Wonders) and Alexander the Great. But after the death of Alexander the Great, the whole island was plunged into a long war. The Macedonian invader Dmitry led 4, troops (which exceeded the population of the whole island) to surround the port. After a hard war, Rhode Island people defeated the invaders. To celebrate this victory, they decided to build a statue with bronze weapons abandoned by the enemy. The statue has been built for twelve years. It is 11 feet high, that is to say, it is about the same height as the well-known Statue of Liberty in new york. The statue is hollow and reinforced with complex stone and iron pillars. But this great statue was destroyed by a strong earthquake only 56 years after it was built. The above picture seems to be different from the legendary statue. Legend has it that the statue stood on the harbor with its legs apart, and the ship passed between its legs. Imagine what a spectacular and interesting scene it is, but in fact, the statue doesn't span the port. When you think about it, the distance between the two ends of Port Rhodes is more than 5 feet. Imagine what the statue will span.
[ Edit this paragraph ]4. Statue of Zeus
Construction location: Olympia, Greece
Time: It was built in 47 BC and completed in 456 BC
Around 45 BC, in the first Olympic Games (776 BC)-Olympia, Greece, a huge statue was completed, which is the statue of Zeus.
The site is located in the ancient city of Olympia on the west coast of Greece.
The Temple of Zeus is a Doric-style building. The whole statue and the robe he wears are made of gold. He wears a ring woven with olives on his head, and in his right hand, he holds ivory and? The goddess of victory made of gold holds a scepter inlaid with glittering metal in his left hand, on which an eagle stays, and the throne he sits is decorated with the Sphinx, the goddess of victory and mythical figures. The base of the throne is 6.5 meters (2 feet) wide and 1. meters (3 feet) high, while the statue is about 13 meters (4 feet) high, which is equivalent to a four-story modern building.
[ Edit this paragraph ]5. themis Temple
Construction time: 55 BC
Construction place: the Greek city-state of Ephesus, which is now the west coast of Turkey.
The temple building is based on marble and covered with a wooden roof. The designer of the whole building is Chersiphron and his son. Its biggest feature is that there are at least 16 columns in two rows, each of which is about 4 to 6 feet high. The base of the temple is about 2 by 4 feet. The original temple was destroyed by a fire in 356 BC, and the temple built after the original site was caught in a fire again in 262 AD.
[ Edit this paragraph ]6. Mau Solas's Tomb Temple
Mau Solas's Tomb Temple Mao Solas's Tomb Temple is located in Halicarnassus, in the southwest of Turkey. The building at the bottom is rectangular, with an area of 4 meters (12 by 3 meters (1, 45 meters high) (14, in which the pier wall is 2 meters high, the column is 12 meters high, the pyramid is 7 meters high, and the top carriage.
besides its architecture, this tomb temple is famous for its sculptures. The sculpture of Mao Solas's tomb temple was made by four famous sculptors, Bryaxis, Leochares, Scopas and Timothy, each of whom was responsible for one side of the tomb temple.
[ Edit this paragraph ]7. Egyptian Pyramids
Construction time: about 27-25 BC
Construction location: Giza Plateau near Cairo, Egypt
Pyramids are the tombs of ancient Egyptian pharaohs, all of which are of different sizes. The largest is pyramid of khufu, with a height of 137.2 meters and a base length of 23 meters, with a cost of 2.3 million yuan. The Egyptian Pyramid is the pyramid-shaped imperial mausoleum in ancient Egyptian slave society. One of eight wonders of the world. They are numerous and widely distributed. Memphis, the ancient city on the west bank of Nile River in the southwest of Cairo, is the most concentrated area. Three of the Libyan deserts, 8 kilometers south of Giza, are particularly famous, called the pyramids of Giza. Among them, the tomb of the fourth dynasty Pharaoh Khufu is the largest, which was built in the 27th century BC. Its height is 146.5m, which is equivalent to a 4-storey skyscraper. Its bottom sides are 23m long, and it is made up of 2.3 million large stones weighing about 2.5 tons, covering an area of 53,9 square meters. There are corridors, stairs, halls and rooms and various valuable decorations in the tower. The whole project lasted more than 3 years. There is a huge sphinx in the southeast of the tower.
There is a saying in the Inscription of the Pyramid: "The sky extends its own light to you so that you can go to the sky, just like pulling your eyes". Later, the worship of the obelisk by ancient Egyptians also had such significance, because the obelisk also represented the light of the sun.
[ Edit this paragraph ]8. Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum is the largest ancient military museum in China. In 1961, the Chinese people and the State Council designated the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor as a national key cultural relic protection unit. The first comprehensive archaeological survey of mausoleum of the first qin emperor began in. In 1962, archaeologists drew the first plane layout of the cemetery. After detection, the cemetery covered 56.25 square kilometers, equivalent to nearly 78 Forbidden City, which caused a sensation in the archaeological community. In 1987, the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit were approved by UNESCO to be included in the World Heritage List, and they were called "eight wonders of the world", which amazed people all over the world and made people in China proud!