From the perspective of historical data, should the land where Zhuge Liang worked hard belong to today's Nanyang or Xiangfan?

We have all learned the indispensable chapter "The Inscription on a Humble Room" when we were young. It contains two sentences: Zhuge Lu in Nanyang and Yunting in Xishu. Many people are curious about where the place where Zhuge Liang worked hard is now. City? Is it Nanyang or Xiangfan?

(1) The Theory of Nanyang

Historical information about Zhuge Liang's plowing work was first seen in "Three Kingdoms" written by Chen Shou of the Western Jin Dynasty. Zhuge Liang said in this: "I am a commoner and work hard in Nanyang". It is because of this sentence that scholars of all ages have no doubts about his theory of "cultivating Nanyang". Li Bai has a poem: "The red one brings down the luck, and the crouching dragon brings the bright sky." When he was in Nanyang, Longmu farmed by himself. ?Liu Yuxi has an inscription: ?Zhuge Lu in Nanyang, Yunting in Western Shuzi. ?Wang Anshi has a poem: ?The encounter leads to the destination, and the scarf rises from Nanyang. ?Wait, to name a few. Later generations used the poems and songs of these poets and writers to further prove this conclusion. ?

However, Chen Shou's "Three Kingdoms" has a fatal flaw, that is, it only has biographies and no chronicles. Tables can describe the causes, consequences, participants, etc. of a historical event, and records can describe the administrative divisions and mountain geography of a region. Because of these flaws in "Three Kingdoms", the meaning of "Plowing in Nanyang" seems somewhat unclear. Judging from the current information available, the earliest record of Zhuge Liang's life and deeds should be during the Eastern and Western Jin Dynasties and the Northern and Southern Dynasties. ?

After that, Wang Yin, a scholar in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, mentioned this matter in his works. For example, in "Book of Jin? Biography of Li Mi" it is recorded: (Li Mizi) Xing (An) has literary talents, and the governor Luo Shang is the best. It was still attacked by Li Xiong, so Liu Hong, the general of Xingyi Zhennan, asked for help. It flourished in Hongfu, where Zhuge Kongming and Yangshu Zijie were promoted, and both prospered and wrote essays with great rhetoric. In addition, Wang Yin's "Shu Ji" records: During the Yongxing period of the Jin Dynasty, Liu Hong, the general of Zhennan, went to Longzhong, visited Liang's former residence, erected a mosaic for the palace, and ordered the Taifu to bring the cattle to Li Xing and wrote: "The emperor ordered me to , in Mianyang. Listening to the sound of the drum and thinking about it forever is the legacy of the common people and sages. Climb Longshan to see from a distance, the hometown of Shi and Zhuge. ?

(2) The theory of Xiangyang

After Wang Yin, another person was also very interested in Zhuge Liang, and this was Xi Chisel. "Han, Jin and Spring and Autumn" written by Xi Chi Chi Teeth states: "The First Master met Zhuge Liang in Longzhong." Liang's family was located in Deng County, Nanyang, twenty miles west of Xiangyang City, and their name was "Longzhong". The "Inscription on the Residence of Marquis Zhuge Wu" written by Xi Chizhi says: "Plowing the west acres, forever roaring in the east mountains, leaving traces in the middle of the forest, and at the end of the Shen Ning Rock." ? Xi Chizhi's "Secretary with Huan" has: I arrived in Xiangyang on May 3 last year, and I was struck by sadness and a little bit of joy. Every time I visit my uncle in the province, he enters from the north gate, looks west to Longzhong, and thinks of the singing of the crouching dragon; looks to the east of the white sand, and thinks of the sound of phoenix chicks; faces Fanxu to the north, where Deng Lao's height is preserved; and looks to the south of the city, thinking of Yang Gong. Looking at the Tanxi River, I remember the friends of Cui and Xu; I look at the fish beams, chasing the two virtues in the distance, wandering and moving, feeling very melancholy, hesitating and weeping. ?

So, judging from the above materials, Xi Chizhi was a native of Xiangyang. When he was born, it was only 54 years after the fall of the Shu Han Dynasty, and only 83 years after the death of Zhuge Liang. He grew up listening to Zhuge Liang’s stories. Big ones. He knows the history and geography of Xiangyang well, and has visited Zhuge Liang's former residence many times, so the information he provides is the most authentic and credible. Therefore, "Han, Jin, Spring and Autumn" tells us that Longzhong is 20 miles west of Xiangyang City. The "Inscription on the Residence of Marquis Zhuge Wu" tells us that Zhuge Liang plowed Longtian and Changxiao Mountain Forest there. "Secretary Yuhuan" also clearly tells us the location of Longzhong and the corresponding landscape.

In fact, in the three hundred years from Zhuge Liang's death (234) to the split of the Northern Wei Dynasty (534), many historians have recorded his hard work in farming. There are modern and contemporary records of Chen Shou, Wang Quan, and Wang Yin in the front, and Xi Chizhi’s hometown experiences in the middle, and on-site visits by Sheng Hongzhi, Li Daoyuan, and Bao Zhi in the back. They all pointed out Zhuge Liang’s cultivated land without exception. Right in Longzhong. There are characters, events, witnesses, and physical evidence in it, and they are unified and mutually corroborating, leaving no doubt. ?