Fortune-telling in Hongdong Village _ Hong Tong Divination
Migrant people under Sophora japonica in Hongtong County
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In the Ming Dynasty, there was a magnificent Guangji Temple in Jia Cun, two miles north of Hongdong. There is a tree called "A few acres around the tree" next to the temple, and the avenue of chariots and horses passes under the shade. Old storks on the beach in Fenguo build their nests in trees, which are scattered all over the place and are very spectacular.
Sophora japonica in Hongdong is not only the migration of Hongdong people, but also the gathering place of Shanxi immigrants. In the early Ming Dynasty, Shanxi Province governed five states, three Zhili, sixteen scattered states and seventy-nine counties. According to historical records, immigrants in the early Ming Dynasty mainly included Pingyang, Lu 'an, Fenzhou, Zezhou, Qinzhou and Liaozhou. There are 5 1 county in these areas, and Pingyang Prefecture governs 28 counties.
At that time, Hongdong relied on the ancient post road, connected to Youyan in the north, Qilu in the east, Qin Shu in the south and Dragon in the west. In addition, Guangji Temple has a wide courtyard, so it is easy for the government to set up a bureau to gather immigrants. As a result, the post station next to the big locust tree has become the dispatching station and starting point of the big immigrants. At the beginning of the locust tree migration, the Ming government issued a notice in Sanjin: "Those who don't want to migrate, gather under the locust tree in Hongdong Guangji Temple and arrive within three days. I hope that the floating population can wait at home. " The news spread like wildfire (Ji), married and had children, and a man from northern Shanxi, central Shanxi and southern Shanxi came with his son and daughter. Within three days, hundreds of people gathered under the big pagoda tree. At this time, a large number of officers and men swarmed in and surrounded the unarmed masses. Government officials announced: "Emperor Daming has ordered that anyone who comes under the big pagoda tree will be removed!" " Afterwards, the officers and men ruthlessly registered young adults, forced them to take pictures, tied their hands behind their backs and tied ropes, and hundreds of thousands of people embarked on the road of migration with resentment. It is said that after several large-scale immigrants, the government also took compulsory measures.
Another legend is that in the early Ming Dynasty, Hongdong County, Shanxi Province was overcrowded and there was a famine. The food was eaten up, but none of them starved to death. An old pagoda tree died in TOEFL. The old pagoda tree is seven or eight times as thick and leafy, and looks like a big umbrella standing on the ground from a distance. In autumn, people from far and near flock to the old locust tree to pick the locust tree every day. Strange to say, no matter who comes early or who comes late, everyone can only pick up one bowl (beans) every day, and no one wants to pick more. It is said that in order to save the people in Hongdong, the Sophora Fairy always distributes it fairly. A bowl of beans can save hunger, and no one can be greedy. So, it's touching. Every day, many kind men and women burn incense and bow down to the old pagoda tree.
In the early autumn of Hongwu, Xiao Jiucheng, the magistrate of Hongdong County, received an imperial decree: "From the 5,000 voters in Hongdong to the east of Taihang Mountain, Xiao Zhifu immediately informed the villages. The notice described the moving place as paradise, but it was difficult to leave his hometown. Who wants to move? The notice was posted for several days, and no one even signed up. Xiao magistrate of a county is difficult to break, and the court will be difficult to violate. After the deadline, it's hard to keep their jobs. As no one moved voluntarily, they had to move. But there are so many people, one by one is not the way. So I frowned and came up with an idea. The next day, Xiaoxian made a big event, bribing local witches and lobbying everywhere: "Huaixian appeared, and the day after tomorrow we were given a chance to fight Huaidou, and never again. "Submit a submission to the boss, requesting to send an army. That day, indeed. The villagers in every village in Hongdong have gone out. At that time, the locust tree was bustling and very lively. Carry a basket, carry a pocket. Waiting for the fairy to give the beans. At noon, thousands of people knelt on the ground. At this time, a group of people are running in the south, like tigers going down the mountain, like dragons going out to sea and coming straight to the old locust tree. While everyone was wondering, I saw a knight dismount and grab one end of a rope, and another knight grabbed the other end of the rope. At that time, when people saw this scene, they didn't know what medicine was in the bottle. They were all stunned and dared not separate. I saw that the two knights with ropes quickly bypassed the crowd under the locust tree and surrounded everyone. Immediately, the cavalry moved quickly and surrounded them. This frightened the villagers and made them stupid. The adults looked at each other (qū), and the children cried and screamed. At this time, the county magistrate Xiao rode on a horse and read a moving notice: "Taihang Shandong, fertile land thousands of miles." The soldiers suffered from floods for many years, which led to the shortage of people and land. Today, the world is at peace, and the emperor is mighty. Jin Min, Yi Sheng moved eastward and moved to Zhao Yan's blessed land. The villagers who wish to be removed will go east immediately and must not disobey. "
People understood the truth from profound words, and everyone cried. At the moment, people lined up under the tree, recognized the village, settled accounts, and selected more than 1000 households, totaling more than 5,000 people. After registering and cataloging, everything was ready, and the officers and men escorted them and dragged them to the east with their children. Walking, climbing mountains, crossing ditches and rivers, stumbling, stumbling, many people hurt their little toes and split them in two. This feature has been passed on to future generations, and many adults still have two halves of their toenails. This is just the romance of the descendants of immigrants to the ancient Huai immigrants.
After several generations and more than ten generations, most descendants of people who moved from Gu Huai did not know where they were in He Cun before moving, but they all knew that "Sophora japonica is their hometown", which has never been forgotten. Immigrants are reluctant to leave the pagoda tree. After arriving at the new settlement, most of them planted Sophora japonica trees to express their nostalgia for their hometown. Lu Shen Village, Hejian County, Hebei Province, planted an immigrant memorial locust tree at his doorstep; Xie Dexian, Xiguan, Baoding Prefecture, opened a pickles shop called "Laohuaimao"; Queshan County, Henan Province has Huaishumiao Village, Dahuashu Village and Huaishuzhuang Village; There is Huaishu Street in Mindian, Chengguan Town, Yichuan County, Henan Province. It is said that during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, the court moved people from Hongdong County, Shanxi Province to the south of the Yellow River on a large scale. Among the immigrants, one surnamed Wang and the other surnamed Li were congenial and became friends. The two met and went to a ferry on the west bank of yi river, south of Longmen Mountain, where they built a stove, built a temple and cultivated land. Because when they left their hometown, they set out from under the big locust tree of Guangji Temple in Hongtong County, so they had a deep attachment to the locust tree. After settling down, they planted several locust trees at the head of the village. After a few years, the locust tree covered the sky and was lush, so the locust tree was linked with the ferry and the village was named Huaishudu. Later, with the increase of population and the expansion of villages, streets were formed, but the ferry was abandoned for a long time, and Huaishudu gradually evolved into Huaishu Street.
In addition, there are eight ancient pagodas in Laoting County, Tangshan, Hebei Province, which are distributed in six places. According to the old people in Beichangtuo village, their ancestors also came from the locust tree in Hongdong, Shanxi. During the Yongle period, Chen, Liang, Jia, and other families moved here, taking advantage of the "good omen" of the longevity of Sophora japonica, building a village and planting trees, named "Changtuo", which means "living and working in peace" and pinning their nostalgia for their hometown.
The ancient pagoda tree grew with people's reproduction and became a witness of history. Ancient Huai immigrants even carved commemorative words on the foreheads of temples and ancestral halls at home to express their thoughts. On the wall tablet of Yuan Family Ancestral Temple in Gudui, Heze, Shandong Province, Yuan's Poem of Homesickness in the second year of Hongwu was engraved: "In the past, I drove Tatars from my own army, but now I am heading east. Hongtong Sub-branch is an ancient family with an ancient family style of peaceful coexistence with Cao Zhou. Gu Gang planted three or five locust trees, bearing in mind the feelings of the elders in Jinzhong. The legend of sleeping snow has been passed down through the ages, followed by Xia Kun Wei Sai Jinsong. " Inscription on Liu Ci Tang in Jiaozuo City, Henan Province: "Paiyan Hongdong." The couplet on the hall of Niujiamiao in Yanshi County, Henan Province reads: "The eighteenth ancestor Pingyang Shize was a famous family in Boxi for 500 years." The couplets on both sides of the ancestor statue in Hu's ancestral temple in Huzhai Village, Xicheng Town, Puyang County, Henan Province read: the first couplet is "filial piety as the saying goes", the right couplet is "riding a horse in Hongdong, thinking of ancestors", and the left couplet is "living in Huai Shi Zong, flourishing today". The memorial tablet couplet of Sun Shi in Datao Village, Xiaodong Township, Wuzhi County, Henan Province: "Zu Hong moved eastward to Qin Zuo, was born in Shaanxi and extended to Henan." Zhao's genealogy in Hanzhai Village, Koudian, Yanshi County, Henan Province says that the names of the four ancestors are Jing, Ying, Huai and Xian, which means "hometown" and "governance".
Walking into Ran Zhuang, Qingyuan County, Hebei Province, the birthplace of tunnel warfare, you can see the old pagoda tree you are already familiar with and the ancient clock hanging high on it. In the movie "Tunnel Warfare", after Gao Laozhong discovered that the devils had sneaked into the village, he sounded the alarm of the ancient bell and the Grenade under this tree, and died with the surrounded devils and traitors. According to legend, this old pagoda tree was planted when Shanxi immigrants came to Ran Zhuang in the Ming Dynasty. In order to express homesickness, they planted the collected seeds under the big pagoda tree in Hongdong County, the head of the village. After hundreds of years of ups and downs, it has grown into a big tree that two people can't hold hands with, supporting a green shade for generations of villagers. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, people hung the alarm bell on a tree, making it a sentry to guard the village. According to local people, this ancient tree, which has protected Ran Zhuang for hundreds of years, was in its twilight years when the tunnel warfare was filmed in 1965. After the shooting task was completed, its branches and leaves fell off and it died.
Most people move from Hongdong in late autumn, and when the locust leaves fall, the nest of the old stork is very eye-catching. When the immigrants left, they stared at the tall ancient locust tree, and the old storks perched on the branches kept moaning, which made the immigrants who had left their homes cry and look back frequently. They turned around step by step, wandered step by step and finally moved out of the countryside. As a result, the old locust tree and the stork's nest became the last sign that the immigrants decided to leave their homeland. It is difficult to find storks in the new land of immigrants, or the two words "stork" and "stork" (guā) have the same initials and similar finals. After several generations of word of mouth, the old stork nest has become an old man's nest.
With the wave of emigration overseas again and again, many descendants of Hongdong immigrants moved to Southeast Asia, Europe and America, especially Taiwan Province Province, which is separated from the mainland by a strip of water. When the Chiang family dynasty left the mainland, there were naturally many descendants of Hongdong immigrants among those who landed on the island. Although the times have changed, the descendants of immigrants are still concerned about the changes in the motherland. This nostalgia for homeland and ancient Sophora japonica trees is particularly prominent among overseas scholars, and various related accounts are scattered in various newspapers and magazines at home and abroad. For example, Qi Rushan, whose ancestral home is Gaoyang County, Hebei Province, wrote in his memoirs: "My family moved from Hongdong County, Shanxi Province in the second year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty. Shandong and Hebei provinces moved more at that time. Everyone said it was moved under the big locust tree. At the end of Qing Dynasty, many officers from Hebei returned to Shanxi and found the position of Sophora japonica. Beggars' gangs gathered here and set out everywhere. So there is a saying that under the big locust tree is the hometown. " Mr. Taiwan Province wrote in the book Mr. Li Shizeng and Youth: "Li was born in Hongdong County, Shanxi Province, and moved to Gaoyang County, Hebei Province in the second year of Ming Yongle." Li Jinzhou, a native of Shenxian County, Hebei Province, admitted in Addendum to Overseas Memories: "The Li family immigrated here from Hongdong, Shanxi Province after Judy, the prince of Yan, settled in Hebei in the early Ming Dynasty."