Why should the Chinese curriculum in primary schools attach importance to writing?
Chinese characters are the root of Chinese culture, the great creation and invention of our ancestors and the crystallization of wisdom. He has made great contributions to the reunification of the Chinese nation. Characters are symbols for recording information, and each word contains a lot of information. Therefore, in the long history of China culture, the art of calligraphy has become an extremely bright pearl. Therefore, in the process of education, the school strives to tap the humanistic connotation of Chinese characters, guide students to organically penetrate into the study of the excellent culture of the motherland, advocate the spirit of integrity, and truly integrate the teaching of writing skills, Chinese character culture education and moral quality education.
In August this year, the Ministry of Education issued the document "Opinions on Developing Calligraphy Education in Primary and Secondary Schools", which set off an educational wave of "inheriting and carrying forward the excellent culture of the Chinese nation" throughout the country. The document puts forward specific and clear requirements for setting up calligraphy classes and carrying out calligraphy teaching, which has played a positive guiding role in calligraphy education in primary and secondary schools. So how to make students learn calligraphy quickly and efficiently? There is probably no dispute about the need to study ancient famous inscriptions, master statutes and lay a good foundation. However, today's students have a heavy learning task at school and time is tight. The traditional calligraphy teaching mode is simply unacceptable to parents. Therefore, shortening the time for students to learn calligraphy as much as possible and mastering the writing methods of Chinese characters as soon as possible are problems that the majority of calligraphy teachers should explore. After long-term teaching practice and research, Guilin Trinity Calligraphy Education and Teaching Research Center has summed up a set of scientific methods, which can not only enable students to lay a solid and broad writing foundation as soon as possible, but also improve students' efficiency in learning to copy books.
"Trinity" calligraphy teaching method is a combination of moral education, calligraphy culture and Chinese writing methods, with special emphasis on infiltrating moral conduct and calligraphy culture into the whole process of calligraphy teaching, so that students can consciously accept the infection, edification and exercise of art and realize the effect of art education. As we all know, China's education advocates quality education and all-round development of students' morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor. As the first of the five educations, moral education is included in the teaching of all subjects, and writing teaching is no exception. In teaching, students are taught writing knowledge and skills, and at the same time, they are given effective moral education. Pay attention to students' ideological and moral education, cultivate students' sentiment and morality, so that books can carry both art and morality, and emphasize the high harmony and unity of calligraphy and moral education, calligraphy and character. "Trinity" calligraphy teaching method also pays attention to the education of infiltrating calligraphy culture in teaching. Through teaching, students can consciously and freely accept the influence of art, cultivate their sentiments and realize the effect of art education. Let students understand in care, operate in response and create in reflection. No matter what you are thinking or doing, you should not just wait and see, but "swim in the art" and truly realize the meaning of "colorless and brilliant with painting, silent and harmonious with music". The "trinity" calligraphy teaching not only pays attention to the infiltration and integration of moral education and calligraphy culture into calligraphy teaching, but also pays more attention to teaching students how to write, so that students can know how to write different stickers and how to write each Chinese character quickly and efficiently.
General calligraphy teaching mainly teaches students to copy, read and paste, and then rubbings, read and paste. Although this traditional calligraphy teaching method can also make students write well, the learning process is long and students' writing level is slow. Many students give up learning calligraphy because of the tight time and heavy learning tasks in school courses, while the "trinity" calligraphy teaching method is just the opposite.
In the "trinity" teaching method, we not only attach importance to moral education, but also emphasize the integration of calligraphy culture and Chinese character writing methods. Guiding practice with the height of theory is the consistent proposition of "Trinity" calligraphy teaching. The education of writing characteristics has gone out of the misunderstanding of "a thousand people with one cavity and ten thousand people" and received gratifying teaching results.
First, scientific teaching methods.
1, to carry forward and cultivate the national spirit as the starting point, to mobilize students' writing enthusiasm.
National spirit is the spiritual pillar on which a nation depends for its survival and development, and the most essential and profound embodiment of national culture. Cultivating and carrying forward the national spirit is inseparable from a profound understanding and grasp of the excellent traditional culture of national history, and from the establishment and enhancement of national self-esteem and pride. The key to cultivate and carry forward the national spirit lies in strengthening education. In calligraphy teaching, we attach great importance to guiding students to understand the historical and cultural value of Chinese characters, stimulating students' national pride and patriotic passion, and letting students know that "calligraphy is the highest representative of China art" (Feng Zikai); "All art in China is an extension of China's calligraphy" (John Calvin Ferguson, USA); "Philosophy is the core of China culture and calligraphy is the core of China culture" (Xiong Bingming); "It is universally acknowledged that China's calligraphy is the highest art because it can show amazing miracles. Colorless and brilliant with the picture, silent and harmonious with the music, fascinating and pleasing to the eye "(Shen). As Liu Bingsen, a famous calligrapher, said: The meaning of writing is not only the writing itself, but also the feeling and cognition of national culture. Through the teacher's passionate explanation, the students learned a lot about the significance of learning calligraphy, from which they realized the hardships of the ancient people in creating art and strengthened their determination to study calligraphy persistently. Students cultivate sentiment in writing and appreciating the calligraphy art of the ancients, and inspire patriotic enthusiasm in the subtle emotional experience, which leads to the awareness of learning Chinese characters in China.
2. The teacher vividly explains and accurately demonstrates, so that students can master the writing method of Chinese characters quickly and efficiently.
"Trinity" calligraphy teaching method is a unique teaching method. In order to let students master the writing rules of Chinese characters more accurately and efficiently, sometimes we will give up the "spoon-feeding" teaching method, but let students observe the model characters first and then write on the blackboard. After the students finish writing, the teacher will comment on the model essay again, which will get twice the result with half the effort. For example, when I teach the word "Ling" and talk about the symmetrical extension of strokes, I compare it to a soaring eagle. "Only when our wings are open can we fly." Teach the word "official" and emphasize that the vertical position of the word "official" should extend upward, so as to look tall and handsome, just like a slim girl and a handsome young man. On the contrary, this writing is just like the timid Wu Dalang. Then, the teacher skillfully writes next to the words written by the students, so that the students can quickly master the writing of these words by comparison. It can be seen that appropriate metaphors and vivid language are good medicines to enliven the classroom atmosphere and improve students' interest in learning.
Pay attention to dissecting the writing essentials of Chinese characters intuitively and stereoscopically with the help of "extension lines" in teaching. Show the abstract description to students intuitively, so that beginners can quickly master the method of writing beautiful words in a short time. For the writing of basic strokes, it is also emphasized that the beginning, line and receipt of strokes should echo smoothly; Pay attention to the change of stroke direction to avoid the same stroke direction; Changes in the speed and strength of writing.
Vivid explanation of writing skills and accurate model essay writing are particularly important for students to correctly master writing style and structure. In this way, the complicated writing process of Chinese characters can be made clear and simplified, and students can master the writing methods of Chinese characters quickly and efficiently.
Second, the new idea of strengthening and upgrading the "trinity" calligraphy teaching.
Objectively speaking, today's calligraphy education, especially in primary and secondary schools, has made great progress. However, compared with the rapid development of other disciplines, the development of calligraphy education can only be compared with that of other disciplines. Today, everything is advancing by leaps and bounds. However, in our calligraphy teaching, most teachers basically remain in the traditional teaching mode of "grinding a sword for ten years" more than ten years ago. The "trinity" calligraphy teaching method has made new thinking on the problem that many people are afraid of calligraphy, in order to do something to get rid of this strange circle of inertia.
There are two main factors for Chinese characters to be symmetrical and beautiful: first, the strokes should be vigorous and beautiful, and second, the position in the characters should be appropriate-this is often called "brushwork" and "structure". So, which of these two elements is more important and core in teaching? Calligraphy is based on using a pen, and it takes labor to finish writing. Traditional calligraphy teaching regards "brushwork" as the supreme. However, no matter how beautiful the strokes are, they can only be "icing on the cake" if they are attached to a reasonable "structure". If the structure is staggered, even with the brushwork of Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing, the characters can't be combined into beautiful shapes. Therefore, it is scientific and reasonable to attach importance to the structure and "straighten the house first, and then gather bricks and tiles".
In my opinion, mastering "structure" is the core of writing well. Therefore, the next research direction of "Trinity" calligraphy teaching method will be to help students accurately find out the key strokes in fixed-point glyphs, grasp the center of gravity balance of Chinese characters with auxiliary lines, and write different structural features according to different Chinese characters; With the help of multimedia intuitive teaching, we strive to break the old concept that learning calligraphy is boring, time-consuming and difficult to learn.
Children's calligraphy teaching is a heavy and complicated work, and its significance is very far-reaching. Especially today, when there is a big gap between the level of calligraphy creation and the level of calligraphy appreciation, calligraphy teaching shows its importance and urgency. It requires the joint efforts of the whole society to raise the teaching of calligraphy to an important position, make the art of calligraphy glow with new brilliance and truly carry forward the national culture.